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1808 Submissions

[545] viXra:1808.0690 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 07:14:35

Efficiency for Internet

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

An EU initiative has developed a novel architecture that combines energy and spectrum efficiency for Internet of Things (IoT) wireless communication. [29] Researchers at the University of Washington, working with researchers from the ETH-Zurich, Purdue University and Virginia Commonwealth University, have achieved an optical communications breakthrough that could revolutionize information technology. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20] Physicists at MIT have now cooled a gas of potassium atoms to several nanokelvins—just a hair above absolute zero—and trapped the atoms within a two-dimensional sheet of an optical lattice created by crisscrossing lasers. Using a high-resolution microscope, the researchers took images of the cooled atoms residing in the lattice. [19]
Category: Quantum Physics

[544] viXra:1808.0689 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 07:24:04

Digital Tsunami

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

How do we prepare for and manage what's known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution? [30] An EU initiative has developed a novel architecture that combines energy and spectrum efficiency for Internet of Things (IoT) wireless communication. [29] Researchers at the University of Washington, working with researchers from the ETH-Zurich, Purdue University and Virginia Commonwealth University, have achieved an optical communications breakthrough that could revolutionize information technology. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20] Physicists at MIT have now cooled a gas of potassium atoms to several nanokelvins—just a hair above absolute zero—and trapped the atoms within a two-dimensional sheet of an optical lattice created by crisscrossing lasers. Using a high-resolution microscope, the researchers took images of the cooled atoms residing in the lattice. [19]
Category: Quantum Physics

[543] viXra:1808.0688 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 07:50:44

Deep Learning Human Activities

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Now, a team of A*STAR researchers and colleagues has developed a detector that can successfully pick out where human actions will occur in videos, in almost real-time. [26] A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in Germany and the U.S. has developed a deep learning algorithm that can be used for motion capture of animals of any kind. [25] In 2016, when we inaugurated our new IBM Research lab in Johannesburg, we took on this challenge and are reporting our first promising results at Health Day at the KDD Data Science Conference in London this month. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[542] viXra:1808.0687 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 07:54:35

How did Plato know about Endtimes Babylon?

Authors: Leon Elshout
Comments: 2 Pages.

How could Plato invert Endtimes Babylon into Atlantis? The answer lies in Jeremiah 51. My book on Atlantis as an inversion of Endtimes Babyolon: roodgoudvanparvaim.nl (email: aurichalcum2018@protonmail.com)
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[541] viXra:1808.0686 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 08:07:08

AI Exploration of Underwater Habitats

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Researchers aboard Schmidt Ocean Institute's research vessel Falkor used autonomous underwater robots, along with the Institute's remotely operated vehicle (ROV) SuBastian, to acquire 1.3 million high resolution images of the seafloor at Hydrate Ridge, composing them into the largest known high resolution color 3D model of the seafloor. [27] Now, a team of A*STAR researchers and colleagues has developed a detector that can successfully pick out where human actions will occur in videos, in almost real-time. [26] A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in Germany and the U.S. has developed a deep learning algorithm that can be used for motion capture of animals of any kind. [25] In 2016, when we inaugurated our new IBM Research lab in Johannesburg, we took on this challenge and are reporting our first promising results at Health Day at the KDD Data Science Conference in London this month. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[540] viXra:1808.0685 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 08:46:21

X-ray Photoemission

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

In a new study published Aug. 17 in Nature Communications, Nemsak, Fadley, Schneider and colleagues demonstrate the use of new techniques in X-ray spectroscopy to illuminate the internal structure of manganese-doped gallium arsenide. [35] With the publication of the first experimental measurements performed at the facility, the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) has passed another critical milestone since its launch in September 2017. [34]
Category: Quantum Physics

[539] viXra:1808.0681 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 11:45:40

Dark Quarks and Pions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

In a recent study, the CMS collaboration describes how it has sifted through data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to try and spot dark quarks. [29] Physicists in Italy are about to start up a new experiment designed to hunt for hypothetical particles such as the " dark photon " and carriers of a possible fifth force of nature. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] " We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit. " [23] Technology proposed 30 years ago to search for dark matter is finally seeing the light. [22] They're looking for dark matter—the stuff that theoretically makes up a quarter of our universe. [21]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[538] viXra:1808.0680 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 13:02:32

High-Accuracy Inference in Neuromorphic Circuits using Hardware-Aware Training

Authors: Borna Obradovic, Titash Rakshit, Ryan Hatcher, Jorge A. Kittl, Mark S. Rodder
Comments: 12 pages, 18 figures

Neuromorphic Multiply-And-Accumulate (MAC) circuits utilizing synaptic weight elements based on SRAM or novel Non-Volatile Memories (NVMs) provide a promising approach for highly efficient hardware representations of neural networks. NVM density and robustness requirements suggest that off-line training is the right choice for ``edge'' devices, since the requirements for synapse precision are much less stringent. However, off-line training using ideal mathematical weights and activations can result in significant loss of inference accuracy when applied to non-ideal hardware. Non-idealities such as multi-bit quantization of weights and activations, non-linearity of weights, finite max/min ratios of NVM elements, and asymmetry of positive and negative weight components all result in degraded inference accuracy. In this work, it is demonstrated that non-ideal Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) architectures using low bitwidth weights and activations can be trained with negligible loss of inference accuracy relative to their Floating Point-trained counterparts using a proposed off-line, continuously differentiable HW-aware training algorithm. The proposed algorithm is applicable to a wide range of hardware models, and uses only standard neural network training methods. The algorithm is demonstrated on the MNIST and EMNIST datasets, using standard MLPs.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[537] viXra:1808.0679 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-04 02:51:54

Relativistic Newtonian Gravitation That Gives the Correct Prediction of Mercury Precession and Needs Less Matter for Galaxy Rotation Observations

Authors: Espen Gaarder Haug
Comments: 4 Pages.

In the past, there was an attempt to modify Newton’s gravitational theory, in a simple way, to consider relativistic effects. The approach was “abandoned” mainly because it predicted only half of Mercury’s precession. Here we will revisit this method and see how a small logical extension can lead to a relativistic Newtonian theory that predicts the perihelion precession of Mercury correctly. In addition, the theory requires much less mass to explain galaxy rotation than standard theories do, and is also interesting for this reason.
Category: Quantum Physics

[536] viXra:1808.0678 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 15:02:34

Interventies Bij Ongewenst Gedrag

Authors: Maria Schipper
Comments: 15 Pages. in Dutch

This paper describes different methods for working on problem behavior in dogs.
Category: Mind Science

[535] viXra:1808.0677 [pdf] replaced on 2020-11-20 21:10:40

Algebraic Field Theory a Mathematical Construction of the Vacuum

Authors: Robert H. Ihde
Comments: 27 Pages. Latest version and Python 3 implementation: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1uc_F8Aby1a_3MgfaFcTuF_tieX2J8ywE?usp=sharing

All algebras of quantum theory are algebras over a field or briefly K-algebras of a binary operation, which are defined as constant invariants over the Poincaré group. The Christoffel symbols occurring in the classical geodetic equation can be understood as a representation of a K-algebra. In contrary to the constant algebras of quantum theory, the K-algebra of the Christoffel symbols is a function of space-time. A mathematical, conformal unification of geometry and algebra requires a corresponding dependence on space-time for the quantum algebras. Assuming the existence of an algebraic field, based on a changing binary operation with a feedback to the domain, a quantum mechanical vacuum equation for gravity is established. The vacuum equation structurally follows a generalized, pseudo-linear Dirac-Maxwell system with additional algebraic constraints. A physical existence of the algebraic field, as the counterpart to the geometric field of gravity, can be falsified by the experiment. The part of the spin in the magnetic moment of a particle would then depend on its acceleration, since the algebraic field should influence the spin algebra accordingly.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[534] viXra:1808.0676 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 21:00:31

Kinematic Interpretation of 580 Supernovae Type 1a Redshifts: a Cosmic Scale Link to Mond Acceleration?

Authors: Berry C. Ives
Comments: 24 Pages. In the full text of the article, the abstract is also presented in French.

We present an empirical analysis of redshift of 580 supernovae type 1a using special relativistic Doppler to derive velocity of recession. A theory of cosmological scale is developed in which scale history is parabolic in relation to observed distance and time. The parabolic relationship suggests that the present lies on the accelerated contraction side of the scale history. The first-order coefficient of the scale equation matches very precisely the post-Planck value of the Hubble parameter, H0. The second-order coefficient of the parabolic scale history is taken as an acceleration parameter, I0. H0 is thus merely the slope of the parabola at the present time, and it can be eliminated by shifting the abscissa so that t = 0 aligns with the vertex. In this way, the scale history is entirely dependent on the acceleration parameter, I0. A methodology is used to infer physical radial distance from scale. The resulting acceleration rate precisely matches modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) universal acceleration a0 and thus appears to provide a general cosmological link to that phenomenon, implying a universe under accelerated contraction.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[533] viXra:1808.0675 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 21:10:36

Logical Inconsistency in the Einsteinian Relativistic Time-dilation Interpretation of the Increased Lifetime of High Speed Particles

Authors: Qing-Ping Ma
Comments: 34 Pages.

This study has examined the logic in the interpretation of the increased lifetime of high speed elementary particles, an important experimental evidence of the Lorentzian or Einsteinian relativistic time dilation. When analyzed with the particle frame being the rest frame, the interpretation based on the Einsteinian special relativity leads to a velocity paradox and inconsistency between the invariance of space-time intervals in the Minkowski space and the constancy of the speed of light. The Lorentz ether theory and the Standard Model Extension might avoid this inconsistency because they allow privileged reference frames. Therefore, although the mainstream physicists have chosen Einstein’s special relativity as the correct theory, the Lorentz ether theory might be superior in explaining experimental evidence of time dilation.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[532] viXra:1808.0673 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 07:09:53

Electrons in Proton-Driven Plasma

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 78 Pages.

Early in the morning on Saturday, 26 May 2018, the AWAKE collaboration at CERN successfully accelerated electrons for the first time using a wakefield generated by protons zipping through a plasma. [12] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[531] viXra:1808.0672 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 07:40:19

Het Universum Vanuit Het Niets Vervaardigen

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 4 Pages. Dit is onderdeel van het Hilbert Book Model Project

De schepper schiep het universum vanuit het niets. En na dat moment, liet de schepper zijn schepselen aan hun lot over. De waarnemers onder deze schepsels kunnen alleen gegevens verkrijgen uit het historische deel van het alleen-lezen opslagmedium waarin de maker het universum archiveerde.
Category: Quantum Physics

[530] viXra:1808.0671 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 08:42:10

Measure the Gravitational Constant

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 22 Pages.

A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in China and one in Russia has devised two new ways to measure the gravitational constant. [9] The historic first detection of gravitational waves from colliding black holes far outside our galaxy opened a new window to understanding the universe. [8] Using data from the first-ever gravitational waves detected last year, along with a theoretical analysis, physicists have shown that gravitational waves may oscillate between two different forms called "g" and "f"-type gravitational waves. [7] Astronomy experiments could soon test an idea developed by Albert Einstein almost exactly a century ago, scientists say. [6] It's estimated that 27% of all the matter in the universe is invisible, while everything from PB&J sandwiches to quasars accounts for just 4.9%. But a new theory of gravity proposed by theoretical physicist Erik Verlinde of the University of Amsterdam found out a way to dispense with the pesky stuff. [5] The proposal by the trio though phrased in a way as to suggest it's a solution to the arrow of time problem, is not likely to be addressed as such by the physics community— it's more likely to be considered as yet another theory that works mathematically, yet still can't answer the basic question of what is time. [4] The Weak Interaction transforms an electric charge in the diffraction pattern from one side to the other side, causing an electric dipole momentum change, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The Neutrino Oscillation of the Weak Interaction shows that it is a General electric dipole change and it is possible to any other temperature dependent entropy and information changing diffraction pattern of atoms, molecules and even complicated biological living structures.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[529] viXra:1808.0670 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 09:04:46

A Message from God to Humanity

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

a personal letter from God to homo sapiens
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[528] viXra:1808.0669 [pdf] replaced on 2019-07-10 04:57:48

Modeling the Evolution of a Cluster of Gravitating Bodies Taking Into Account Their Absolutely Inelastic Collisions

Authors: Dmitry G. Kiryan, George V. Kiryan
Comments: 12 Pages. 7 Figures, 1 Table

Numerical simulation of evolution of a cluster of a finite number of gravitating bodies interacting only by their intrinsic gravity has been carried out. The goal of the study was to reveal the main characteristic phases of the spatial distribution of material bodies constituting the cluster. In solving the problem, the possibility of interbody collisions was taken into account, the collisions being assumed to be absolutely inelastic. Forces external to the body cluster under consideration were ignored. Among all the internal force factors acting within the cluster, only the gravitational interaction was taken into account. The total mass of all the gravitating bodies of the cluster was assumed to remain constant during the entire evolution. The Cauchy problem with natural initial conditions was considered. To check the process of solution, the so-called rotation curve was used which represents the current radial distribution of orbital velocities of the cluster bodies. The numerical analysis showed time variations of the model cluster rotation curve and, particularly, the fact that the rotation curve horizontal section is only a short moment in evolution of the gravitating bodies cluster. The results obtained within the scope of classical mechanics show that it is possible to represent all the rotation curve variations for the observed galaxies without appealing to the hypothesis of non-observable gravitating “dark matter”. Key words: galaxy rotation curve, n-body problem, evolution of gravitating masses, evolution number, “dark matter”.
Category: Classical Physics

[527] viXra:1808.0668 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 15:45:42

Validity in Physics: Parsimony and Synchronicity

Authors: Paris Samuel Miles-Brenden
Comments: 10 Pages. matter, mass, motion, factoring of wave equation, gap, mass gap

As it turns out there is a reason for matter, mass, and the constituative functional determination of motion; to be found in 'measure.' This paper determines from abstract notions what is commonplace reasoning; that if something is capable of motion; it is indeed constructed of an aggregate of matter; the example of displacement and certainty; for which answers the mystery of motion and matter's appearance utilizing a super-symmetric argument; and to which finds it's way into foundational physics.
Category: Classical Physics

[526] viXra:1808.0662 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 22:19:08

For Review Only

Authors: HaiYing SHEN
Comments: 11 Pages.

For review only
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[525] viXra:1808.0661 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 22:59:38

Electrodynamics for Non-uniformly Moving Electric Charge

Authors: Hui Peng
Comments: 9 Pages. thanks very much for consideration of my paper

In this article, we postulate and demonstrate mathematically that the acceleration of an electric charge generates new N and M fields. The equations of the N and M fields obtained are derived from pure mathematic formulas and Maxwell equations. Therefore, the new fields should exist and need to be tested experimentally. The new field equations have the similar forms as that of Maxwell equations, and are supplement to Maxwell equations. The effects of new fields are to vary the Lorentz force with time. The new fields propagate as waves. We suggest that those new fields are worth to be systematically studied experimentally. The study of those new fields might open a new window.
Category: Classical Physics

[524] viXra:1808.0660 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 02:24:25

Superelastic Superconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 24 Pages.

A collaboration between scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory and the Institute for Theoretical Physics at Goethe University Frankfurt am Main has computationally predicted a number of unique properties in a group of iron-based superconductors, including room-temperature super-elasticity. [36]
Category: Quantum Physics

[523] viXra:1808.0659 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 02:51:59

Christ's Temptations and Paris's Court

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 4 Pages. -

Possibility of comparison of Christ and Paris is considered
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[522] viXra:1808.0658 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 03:02:00

Evangelical Reflections in National Fairy Tales

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 6 Pages. -

Fantastic narrative in the light of Nova Hronologii Fomenko-Nosovskogo
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[521] viXra:1808.0657 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 03:31:18

Paris and Perseus

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 26 Pages. -

Perseus and Paris's comparison is made
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[520] viXra:1808.0656 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 03:23:39

Physics Predict Crowd Behavior

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

Electrons whizzing around each other and humans crammed together at a political rally don't seem to have much in common, but researchers at Cornell are connecting the dots. [27] Now a group of actual physicists from Australia and Switzerland have proposed a device which uses the quantum tunneling of magnetic flux around a capacitor, breaking time-reversal symmetry. [26] The arrow of time and the accelerated expansion are two fundamental empirical facts of the universe. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] “We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark matter and dark matter distributions together so that they behave like a collective unit.” [23]
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[519] viXra:1808.0655 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-31 03:42:47

Historical Problems of Physics. the Dimension of the Space

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 4 Pages. -

The concept "the dimension of the space" determined by number of its measurements is considered.
Category: Classical Physics

[518] viXra:1808.0654 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 06:40:30

Biodiversity with Game Theory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Scientists in Lisbon, Portugal, have a promising answer to this conundrum, which could resolve a longstanding paradox and have important implications for preserving biodiversity, one of the more pressing challenges of our time. [32] In clinical diagnostics, it is critical to monitor biomolecules in a simple, rapid and sensitive way. [31] Researchers at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum have discovered why bioelectrodes containing the photosynthesis protein complex photosystem I are not stable in the long term. [30] Molecules that are involved in photosynthesis exhibit the same quantum effects as non-living matter, concludes an international team of scientists including University of Groningen theoretical physicist Thomas la Cour Jansen. [29] Nanoparticles derived from tea leaves inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells, destroying up to 80% of them, new research by a joint Swansea University and Indian team has shown. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21]
Category: Physics of Biology

[517] viXra:1808.0653 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 07:36:43

Single-Molecule Electronic Devices

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 65 Pages.

Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology designed a new type of molecular wire doped with organometallic ruthenium to achieve unprecedentedly higher conductance than earlier molecular wires. [39] Quantum wells of the highest quality are typically fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy (sequential growth of crystalline layers), which is a well-established technique. [38] Scientists found that relatively slow electrons are produced when intense lasers interact with small clusters of atoms, upturning current theories. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29]
Category: Condensed Matter

[516] viXra:1808.0652 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 07:50:37

Reply to ‘Critical Comments on the Paper “On the Logical Inconsistency of the Special Theory of Relativity” ’

Authors: Stephen J. Crothers
Comments: 12 Pages. To cite this paper: Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Vol.6, No.6, 2018.

It has been critically argued by V.A. Leus (Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Novosibirsk, Russia) that in my proof that Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity is logically inconsistent and therefore false, I violated the basic tenets of Special Relativity and foisted an alternative theory upon Einstein’s. A careful study of the critical analysis reveals however a failure to address the key arguments I adduced to prove Special Relativity logically inconsistent, and a concomitant invocation of Einstein’s theory to try to argue that my analysis is incorrect because it does not concur with Einstein. There is therefore no proof advanced of any alleged error in my analysis. In my paper I did not introduce an alternative theory. The aforementioned critical paper affords opportunity in rebuttal to amplify the invalidity of A. Einstein’s tacit assumption, in constructing the Special Theory of Relativity, that systems of clock-synchronised stationary observers consistent with Lorentz Transformation can be mathematically constructed. Since such systems of observers have in fact no mathematical existence the Special Theory of Relativity is logically inconsistent. It is therefore invalid. The consequences for physics, astronomy, and cosmology, are significant.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[515] viXra:1808.0651 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 08:12:31

Fun with Octonions in C++

Authors: John R. Berryhill
Comments: 6 Pages. License Creative Commons 4.0

Historically as well as mathematically, the octonions were derived from the quaternions, and the quaternions from the complex numbers. A proper C++ implementation of these numerical types should reflect these relationships. This brief note describes how the author's previously published C++ Quaternion class serves as the natural foundation for a C++ Octonion class.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[514] viXra:1808.0650 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 08:06:48

Repair Genetic Disease in Embryo

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

A team of researchers in China has used a form of the CRISPR gene editing technique to repair a genetic defect in a viable human embryo. [26] An international team of researchers has determined the function of a new family of proteins associated with cancer and autism. [25] In 2016, when we inaugurated our new IBM Research lab in Johannesburg, we took on this challenge and are reporting our first promising results at Health Day at the KDD Data Science Conference in London this month. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18]
Category: Physics of Biology

[513] viXra:1808.0649 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 08:26:45

Electrons Moving at Atomic Scales

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 67 Pages.

Femtosecond X-ray experiments in combination with a new theoretical approach establish a direct connection between electric properties in the macroscopic world and electron motions on the time and length scale of atoms. [40] Novel insight comes now from experiments and simulations performed by a team led by ETH physicists who have studied electronic transport properties in a one-dimensional quantum wire containing a mesoscopic lattice. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31]
Category: Quantum Physics

[512] viXra:1808.0648 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-24 09:24:50

Bifurcations and the Dynamic Content of Particle Physics

Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 20 Pages. Near completion.

We have recently conjectured that the flow from the ultraviolet (UV) to the infrared (IR) sector of any multivariable field theory approaches chaotic dynamics in a universal way. A key assumption of this conjecture is that the flow evolves in far-from-equilibrium conditions and it implies that the end-point attractor of effective field theories replicates the geometry of multifractal sets. Our conclusions are further reinforced here in the framework of nonlinear dynamical systems and bifurcation theory. In particular, it is found that steady-state perturbations near the IR attractor induce formation of Dark Matter structures while oscillatory perturbations lead to the field content of the Standard Model. Key words: Bifurcations, Dynamical Systems, Strange Attractors, Center Manifold Theory, Normal Forms, Standard Model, Cantor Dust.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[511] viXra:1808.0647 [pdf] replaced on 2020-12-30 06:47:24

Thought Control: Mental Influences

Authors: Robert A. Herrmann
Comments: 20 Pages.

Our mental choices to act are overtly influenced by our environment, alterations in our environment, and especially by other members of the society in which we dwell. Via application of nonstandard analysis, this article first presents a detailed nontechnical discussion of the rationally predicted processes that can covertly influence human perception and our choices. It is shown how these results satisfy the immaterial aspects of human thought as presented by Eccles and Robinson and also satisfy various Biblical statements. The second part presents a more technical explanation
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[510] viXra:1808.0646 [pdf] replaced on 2020-04-28 08:44:11

On the Experimental Determination of the One-Way Speed of Light

Authors: Rodrigo de Abreu
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this paper it is considered the physical meaning of the one-way speed of light. Usually in the standard Special Relativity what is considered is the Einstein one-way speed of light that has been introduced by Einstein in the 1905 paper, by definition. In the standard interpretation the one-way speed of light it is not considered since the Einstein speed of light is considered to be the speed of light. However in our previous work we have shown that this is a terminological confusion. Now we explain why this is so with a very simple example using two methods of synchronization, with rods and with light signalling, that shows the physical meaning of absolute simultaneity and also the physical meaning of Einstein simultaneity in connection with the two concepts “speed of light”. As a result of this analysis an experimental method for the determination of the one-way speed of light emerge.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[509] viXra:1808.0645 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 08:59:34

Light in Laplacian Metadevices

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 71 Pages.

To enable negative refraction and related optical illusions, metamaterials are artificially engineered with unique properties that result from their internal physical structures, rather than their chemical composition. [41] Femtosecond X-ray experiments in combination with a new theoretical approach establish a direct connection between electric properties in the macroscopic world and electron motions on the time and length scale of atoms. [40] Novel insight comes now from experiments and simulations performed by a team led by ETH physicists who have studied electronic transport properties in a one-dimensional quantum wire containing a mesoscopic lattice. [39] Femtosecond lasers are capable of processing any solid material with high quality and high precision using their ultrafast and ultra-intense characteristics. [38] To create the flying microlaser, the researchers launched laser light into a water-filled hollow core fiber to optically trap the microparticle. Like the materials used to make traditional lasers, the microparticle incorporates a gain medium. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32]
Category: Condensed Matter

[508] viXra:1808.0644 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-21 15:11:03

Tracing the Structure of Physical Reality by Starting from Its Fundamentals

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 24 Pages.

Physical reality owns a main foundation. This paper exploits the possibility to trace the structure of physical reality from this foundation to higher levels that human observers can at least partly observe. To show the power of this approach the paper explains the origin of gravity and the fine structure of photons and elementary particles.
Category: Quantum Physics

[507] viXra:1808.0643 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 10:31:17

From the End of Unitary Science Projection to the Causally Complete Complexity Science: Extended Mathematics, Solved Problems, New Organisation and Superior Purposes

Authors: Andrei P. Kirilyuk
Comments: 15 pages, 44 refs; Published as section 8.5 of the book: A. P. Kirilyuk, Theory of Everything, Ultimate Reality and the End of Humanity: Extended Sustainability by the Universal Science of Complexity (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Beau Bassin, 2017)

The deep crisis in modern fundamental science development is ever more evident and openly recognised now even by mainstream, official science professionals and leaders. By no coincidence, it occurs in parallel to the world civilisation crisis and related global change processes, where the true power of unreduced scientific knowledge is just badly missing as the indispensable and unique tool for the emerging greater problem solution and further progress at a superior level of complex world dynamics. Here we reveal the mathematically exact reason for the crisis in conventional science, containing also the natural and unified problem solution in the form of well-specified extension of usual, artificially restricted paradigm. We show how that extended, now causally complete science content provides various "unsolvable" problem solutions and opens new development possibilities for both science and society, where the former plays the role of the main, direct driver for the latter. We outline the related qualitative changes in science organisation, practice and purposes, giving rise to the sustainability transition in the entire civilisation dynamics towards the well-specified superior level of its unreduced, now well understood and universally defined complexity.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[506] viXra:1808.0642 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 11:49:21

Where Einstein Got It Wrong

Authors: Stanley L. Robertson
Comments: 7 page main text, 10 pages appendixes

In Einstein’s General Relativity, gravitation is considered to be only an effect of spacetime geometry. Einstein considered the sources of gravitation to be all varieties of mass and energy excepting that of gravitational fields. This exclusion leaves General Relativity correct only to first order. By considering gravitational fields to be real entities that possess field energy densities and including them as source terms for the Einstein tensor, they contribute to spacetime curvature in a way that prevents the formation of event horizons and also has the effect of accelerating the expansion of the cosmos without any need for a cosmological constant (aka “dark energy”).
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[505] viXra:1808.0641 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 12:01:02

On Some Ser's Infinite Product

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 5 Pages.

I derive some Ser's infinite product for exponential function and exponential of the digamma function; as well as an integral representation for the digamma function.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[504] viXra:1808.0640 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 16:20:40

Jupiter Uranus Distance (Metonic Cycle Reason)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 15 Pages.

Metonic Cycle is Energy sent from Uranus to the moon Pluto also effects on Metonic Cycle and that explains his data convenience with Earth and Moon Data
Category: Astrophysics

[503] viXra:1808.0639 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 22:01:16

Sunqm-3s6: Predict Mass Density R-Distribution for Earth and Other Rocky Planets Based on {N,n} QM Probability Distribution

Authors: Yi Cao
Comments: 18 Pages.

My previous papers (SunQM-3, SunQM-3s1, SunQM-3s2) have shown that the structure of our solar system can be described by Solar {N,n} QM model. Therefore, everything inside solar system (including all planets) should be able to be described by the QM probability density distribution. In this paper, from studying Earth’s known internal structure and mass density distribution, I have developed a method which can be used to estimate any planet’s internal structure and mass density. This method can be expressed as: Planet mass = 4π ∫ (planet’s QM probability density r-distribution) * W *D * r^2 dr, where mass density D = a*r +b, and W is a scaling factor. I applied this method to all four rocky planets, and predicted the internal structure and the (close to the true) mass density r-distribution for these planets. Besides the p{-1,4//4} surface and p{-1,2//4} core, a p{-1,3//4} QM structure is found to be the foundation both for Earth’s liquid iron core, and for Mars current size. Furthermore, Earth’s current mantle structure is found to be the p{-1,15//16} QM structure of Earth. Dynamics of this QM structure evolution has been discussed. The results from this paper (as well as from papers of SunQM-3s7 and SunQM-3s8) convinced me that all planets and stars were formed and evolved under planet’s (or star’s) QM.
Category: Astrophysics

[502] viXra:1808.0638 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 22:00:51

Star Count Biases Expanded with Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is observed that stars evolve into what are called “planets/exoplanets”, this meaning planets/exoplanets are simply evolved/evolving stars. Therefore the biases in counting stars need to be expanded considerably to account for transits and outdated classifications.
Category: Astrophysics

[501] viXra:1808.0637 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 22:13:40

Sunqm-3s8: Using {N,n} QM to Study Sun’s Internal Structure, Convective Zone Formation, Planetary Differentiation and Temperature R-Distribution

Authors: Yi Cao
Comments: 17 Pages.

From previous papers, using Bohr’s formula rn = r1 * n^2, we found that Sun’s internal structure is correlated to {N,n} QM. In current paper, we find that Sun’s internal structure and mass density is formed according to the QM probability density curve’s peaks. This result confirms that the formation of Sun and all planets are based on Schrodinger equation and solution! According to Sun QM’s probability density r-distribution, Sun’s internal structure has been predicted as one Earth-sized core plus 5 shells, each with mass density about 160000, 75000, 45000, 25000, 12000, and 6000→ 0 kg/m^3 from center to edge of the Sun. In Sun’s {0,1}o orbit shell, the radiative zone belongs to the {-1,n=6..9}o orbit shells, and the convective zone belongs to {-1,n=10..11}o orbit shells. The onset of convection in {-1,11}o and {-1,10}o orbit shells might have caused the onset of two “snowball Earth” periods in the Earth history. The further analysis of Solar {N,n} QM structure shows that the melting (or convection) of the {-1,n=1..5}o super shell causes elements repositioned as Au, Pb mainly inside {-1,1} Earth-sized core, Fe mainly in {-1,1}o orbit shell, O, C, Ne, mainly in the {-1,2}o orbit shell, He mainly in {-1,n=3..4}o orbit shells, and H mainly in the {-1,5}o orbit shell. As the result, inside the Sun’s inner core, the H-fusion is not happening everywhere, but only in {-1,5}o orbit shell. The apparent temperature at Sun surface (=5800 K) is due to that ions shooting out of the Sun surface (at vrms =4.37E+5 m/s) are all in +r dimension and lost the micro randomness, so that this vrms no longer associated with the temperature.
Category: Astrophysics

[500] viXra:1808.0635 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 00:59:38

Problem of Irrational Numbers

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 3 Pages. -

The solution of the problem of irrational numbers is proposed
Category: Number Theory

[499] viXra:1808.0634 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 01:07:48

Definition of Complex Numbers

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 4 Pages. -

"the physical sense" (the logical contents) of complex numbers is revealed.
Category: Number Theory

[498] viXra:1808.0633 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 01:14:33

Historical Problems of Mathematics. Number and Arithmetic Action

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 10 Pages. -

The sense (the logical contents) of concept of numbers is revealed. Definition of arithmetic actions is given.
Category: Number Theory

[497] viXra:1808.0632 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 02:17:43

Large Imaging with Beam Splitter Sensor Matrices

Authors: Jijo Punnoose
Comments: 18 Pages.

Extending the use of beam-splitter in stereo camera imaging, the author - a 3D filmmaker, is proposing how segments of multiple images could be captured by optical sensor matrices and combined to create very high resolution images.
Category: Classical Physics

[496] viXra:1808.0631 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 04:19:03

Metrological Problem of Relative Kinematics and Its Solution as an Alternative to the Relativistic Theory of Light Propagation

Authors: Oleg Tcherepanov
Comments: 11 Pages.

The simplest experiment with relativity absolutely changes the physical meaning of Einstein's theory
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[495] viXra:1808.0630 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-30 04:49:12

Primordial Black Holes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

What is dark matter? How do supermassive black holes form? Primordial black holes might hold the answer to this longstanding question. [21] Answering the question "How did galaxies form and evolve during the 13.8-billion-year history of the universe?" has been one top issue in modern astronomy. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[494] viXra:1808.0629 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 06:41:22

Semiconductor Quantum Wells

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 64 Pages.

Quantum wells of the highest quality are typically fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy (sequential growth of crystalline layers), which is a well-established technique. [38] Scientists found that relatively slow electrons are produced when intense lasers interact with small clusters of atoms, upturning current theories. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: Quantum Physics

[493] viXra:1808.0628 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 07:37:10

Fourier Series - Number Pi - Lerch Function

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this note we recall a formula for pi.The distinctive feature of these formula is that pi is expressed in terms of the Lerch Transcendent Function.
Category: Number Theory

[492] viXra:1808.0627 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 07:39:51

Question 474 :A Definite Integral

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 3 Pages.

This note presents a definite integral.
Category: General Mathematics

[491] viXra:1808.0626 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 11:20:59

Calculating the Mass of the Proton in a Better Way With MHCE8S Theory

Authors: George R. Briggs
Comments: 1 Page.

Abstract: We are now able to make a more accurate calculation of the mass of the proton thanks to Majoranic neutrino effects
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[490] viXra:1808.0625 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 11:20:32

Fund the Transition!

Authors: Lymeng Chi
Comments: 4 Pages.

Realizing that fossil fuel projects are harmful to lives on earth, so switching to energy production in a more sustainable and renewable way is a must for country to adopt. Therefore, how does government shift funding from fossil fuel projects to renewable energy model is a real question that got me thinking.
Category: Social Science

[489] viXra:1808.0623 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-29 15:10:53

Theory of Everything: the Higgs, CCC, Gravity, Dark Energy/ Matter, Relativity, String Theory, Quantum Theory, Human Existence

Authors: Abed Peerally
Comments: 18 Pages. REPLACEMENT WITH A NEW UPDATED FILE

Summary The topics of Dark Matter and Dark Energy and of the Higgs phenomenon, are amongst the dramatic examples of the universe being to a large extent unknown. Reported in the late 1990’s by S. Perlmutter, B. Schmidt and A. Riess, the Nobel Committee in awarding the Nobel Prize to them in 2011 said: Their “findings have unveiled a universe that is to a large extent unknown to science”. That is still true today and is likely to be so for decades to come. These findings were based on the behaviour of the Type 1a Supernovae which, due to their consistent brightness, have developed the reputation of being reliable standard candles in cosmological research. Perlmutter, Schmidt and Riess found that these supernovae, as earlier workers for decades had observed, are dimmer than what expected, and they concluded that they must be accelerating faster than believed, in their motion. The work of Riess et al proposed that dark energy, must be a kind of energy that could have an anti-gravitational pull, thus explaining the strange behaviour of the Type 1a supernovae as they move away from us, into the infinite horizon of the universe. Now in the late second decade of the 21st century, no dark energy reality has been discovered at all, and the same applies to the dark matter hypothesis that came out of the work that was awarded the Nobel Prize 2011. It appears like there will perhaps never be any proof of the existence of dark matter and dark energy particles, for these are claimed to be unable to interact with normal matter and energy and not to have any radiation. This is a typical example of why perhaps a Theory of Everything is required to throw some light on the mysterious realities of existence, if possible. Actually explaining something that has no material or energy evidence of any kind, makes that something as impossible to explain as God. They do not interact with anything at all. However, if the Theory of Everything can explain how the universe originated, it might surely also provide evidence of whether dark matter and dark energy exist or not. This appears very tricky for they have been claimed as being totally invisible and insensitive to any kind of experimental set up. 2 The Higgs boson came out dramatically in the work of Higgs, Salam, Weinberg, Glashow and others, that found linkages between the weak force and the electromagnetic force. It is believed in relation to the Higgs boson, even if it is not true, that all particles should have zero mass. Several different eminent physicists thought of rather similar ways of explaining mass and its origin. Generally, it was felt that a new Field that was later called the Higgs Field, permeated the universe, and the property of mass was acquired when particles interacted with this field whose particle was named the Higgs boson, the simplest manifestation of the field. However many physicists believe the Higgs phenomenon and its particle discovered in 2012 should be a more elaborate mechanism, on which further work is ongoing, particularly at the LHC. The feeling is that the phenomenon of mass has not understood in its full reality. It goes without saying that in the absence of a Theory of Everything, it is not possible to really know, as far as possible, the nature and fate of the universe, mainly because the universe was conceived on a deliberate master plan. The implication is that there could have existed only one such specific plan: the supernatural plan to create our universe, which to humans is the Theory of Everything as far as possible, capable to describe our universe. The fact humans are destined to discover the Theory of Everything, according to Kepler and Whewell, indicates there was supernatural creation of the universe, and therefore finding the Theory of Everything is an astounding perspective. The scientific/philosophical Theory of Everything will be describes soon, is coming at a historical juncture where several well-known cosmologists are talking about natural creation from practically nothing or based solely on mathematics. Since most intellectuals and members of the public believe the universe had a supernatural creation, a scientific concept of the origin of the universe by a Supernatural Mind or God, would be of enormous interest. It will be the collision of the traditional imaginary Godless concepts of the origin of our universe with a scientific concept that creates an extraordinary historical event in our current intellectual, scientific, philosophical and theological world. Since the Theory of Everything will be really, as far as possible, a universal and metaphysical concept of the universe, it can produce an intellectual revolution in the scientific and philosophical sectors, that will impact on theology in ways not seen before. There whole world will benefit, for the total 3 confusion that surrounds the comprehension of the realities and origin of our universe would reach a turning point, never seen before. It will demonstrate the power of intellectual knowledge as the torch bearer of humanity. The reason is that intellectual ideas are capable to turn humanity into one collective mind in the universe. The universe under GRT is expanding, and there was never been any tendency for the universe to contract and collapse into an unimaginable black hole. Penrose’s hypothesis of a cosmic crunch and the rebirth of the universe (CCC), is not a possibility, because the uncertainly in science is at the quantum microscale, and not at the macro or universal scale. Gravity was correctly explained by Einstein. He referred to it as pseudo-force, causing the warping of space time, being perhaps a kind of variation of the electromagnetic force. The truth is that the nature of black holes happens to be as misunderstood as is the nature of the universe. Cosmology has been a precariously understood domain, the reason being the lack of adequate cosmological understanding of how the universe came into existence. This is not surprising, as I explain in my coming second book on the origin of the universe, for our world is, historically, at the beginning phase of its modern scientific era, being hardly one century old, if we take the golden age of physics of the first decades of the last century, as marking the beginning of our modern scientific culture. No wonder we do not know the real nature of forces, particles, space, time, atoms, matter, gravitation, expansion of the universe, dark energy, dark matter, and the origin and fate of the universe, topics addressed in my second book due in late 2018. Our extraordinary universe must have been inspired by a scientifically precise and elaborate design. Gravity remains one of the greatest mysteries of science for it has no quantum particulate physical identity, its imagined particle, the graviton cannot exist, and up to now gravity can only be calculated and described, for instance in the equations of Newton and Einstein. It exists because it arises due to totally natural reasons, which were largely seen in Descartes’ belief there must exist a law of the universal conservation of the quantity of motion. The quantum nature of spacetime, if it is not a particle, must have physical realities that are sensitive to acceleration, indicating that spacetime is perhaps fractal in its physical reality or at least mathematically, the reason why Einstein was very precise in his description of general and special relativity. String Theory, a great intellectual exercise, has the weakness of not explaining how exactly the strings acquire their 4 property of vibration. Any Theory of Everything must incontrovertibly explain the origin of motion and of gravitation. The physics of the universe are intimately fused with the philosophy of existence, not surprisingly, as the purpose of creation must have been for producing a conscious being, not solely the universe.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[488] viXra:1808.0622 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 13:01:54

Higgs Boson Gives Mass to Bottom Quarks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

The Standard Model of particle physics predicts that about 60% of the time a Higgs boson will decay to a pair of bottom quarks, the second-heaviest of the six flavours of quarks. [10] On 9 July, at the 2018 International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP) in Seoul (South Korea), the ATLAS experiment reported a preliminary result establishing the observation of the Higgs boson decaying into pairs of b quarks, furthermore at a rate consistent with the Standard Model prediction. [9] Usha Mallik and her team used a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to help build a sub-detector at the Large Hadron Collider, the world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator, located in Switzerland. They're running experiments on the sub-detector to search for a pair of bottom quarks— subatomic yin-and-yang particles that should be produced about 60 percent of the time a Higgs boson decays. [8] A new way of measuring how the Higgs boson couples to other fundamental particles has been proposed by physicists in France, Israel and the US. Their technique would involve comparing the spectra of several different isotopes of the same atom to see how the Higgs force between the atom's electrons and its nucleus affects the atomic energy levels. [7] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the relativistic quantum theory.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[487] viXra:1808.0620 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 16:37:15

On the Properties of Homo-Rays and Mirrors

Authors: Beimat
Comments: 11 Pages. A modest contribution.

In this paper, the properties of homo-rays (also known as "raios gay") are studied. Experimental data is analyzed and a subsequent classical homo-ray wave theory is formulated. Interactions of homo-rays and mirrors are also studied, and their use allows for experiments which yielded data to support a relativistic extension of homo-ray theory. Experimental results yield that the standard speed of homo-rays is exactly 3m/s, and the surprising result that (ground state) homo-rays propagate in imaginary momentum space is obtained. Finally, it is briefly discussed the extension of the theory to a quantum version.
Category: Classical Physics

[486] viXra:1808.0618 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 22:35:19

God’s Age and other Relevant Cosmological Details

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

co-category: cosmology a humorous and logical attempt to deterime God's age relative to the age of the universe and other things
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[485] viXra:1808.0617 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 22:47:14

A Brief History of Temporal Curvature

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

an interesting reflection on my inroduction to nuclear physics and the mistakes of Einstein, Hawking, and convention
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[484] viXra:1808.0616 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 23:32:45

Historical Problems of Physics. Force, Weight, Inertial Reference System.

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 16 Pages. -

The physical sense (definition is given) initial physical concepts - forces, masses, an inertial reference system is revealed.
Category: Classical Physics

[483] viXra:1808.0615 [pdf] replaced on 2019-10-18 14:53:53

The Flood and Its Probable Dates

Authors: Somsikov A.I.
Comments: 31 Pages. -

If the Genesis Flood did exist, it would naturally have left many material traces. There are such traces.
Category: Geophysics

[482] viXra:1808.0614 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 02:30:51

Photoacoustic Tomography

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 46 Pages.

Purdue University researchers are developing a novel biomedical imaging system that combines optical and ultrasound technology to improve diagnosis of life-threatening diseases. [33] Heart scans for patients with chest pains could save thousands of lives in the UK, research suggests. [32] Unnecessary heart procedures can be avoided with a non-invasive test, according to late breaking research presented today at ESC Congress 2018 and published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology. [31] Now, Columbia University researchers report a new way to zoom in at the tiniest scales to track changes within individual cells. [30] One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22]
Category: Physics of Biology

[481] viXra:1808.0613 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 03:00:21

X-ray Free-Electron Laser

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

With the publication of the first experimental measurements performed at the facility, the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) has passed another critical milestone since its launch in September 2017. [34] Purdue University researchers are developing a novel biomedical imaging system that combines optical and ultrasound technology to improve diagnosis of life-threatening diseases. [33] Heart scans for patients with chest pains could save thousands of lives in the UK, research suggests. [32] Unnecessary heart procedures can be avoided with a non-invasive test, according to late breaking research presented today at ESC Congress 2018 and published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology. [31] Now, Columbia University researchers report a new way to zoom in at the tiniest scales to track changes within individual cells. [30] One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28]
Category: Quantum Physics

[480] viXra:1808.0612 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-29 03:15:45

Laser Injection Molding

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

A group of German engineers recently demonstrated a technique for binding plastic to aluminum by pretreating sheets of aluminum with infrared lasers. [35] With the publication of the first experimental measurements performed at the facility, the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) has passed another critical milestone since its launch in September 2017. [34] Purdue University researchers are developing a novel biomedical imaging system that combines optical and ultrasound technology to improve diagnosis of life-threatening diseases. [33] Heart scans for patients with chest pains could save thousands of lives in the UK, research suggests. [32] Unnecessary heart procedures can be avoided with a non-invasive test, according to late breaking research presented today at ESC Congress 2018 and published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology. [31] Now, Columbia University researchers report a new way to zoom in at the tiniest scales to track changes within individual cells. [30] One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24]
Category: Condensed Matter

[479] viXra:1808.0611 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 06:51:55

Law of Inertia Закон инерции

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 3 Pages. -

The inaccuracy of understanding of the 1st law of physics called also by the first Newton law of motion or the law of inertia Galilee is revealed. Выявлена ошибочность понимания 1-го закона физики, называемого также первым законом механики Ньютона или законом инерции Галилея.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[478] viXra:1808.0610 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 07:02:11

The Complexity of Student-Project-Resource Matching-Allocation Problems

Authors: Anisse Ismaili
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this technical note, I settle the computational complexity of nonwastefulness and stability in student-project-resource matching-allocation problems, a model that was first proposed by \cite{pc2017}. I show that computing a nonwasteful matching is complete for class $\text{FP}^{\text{NP}}[\text{poly}]$ and computing a stable matching is complete for class $\Sigma_2^P$. These results involve the creation of two fundamental problems: \textsc{ParetoPartition}, shown complete for $\text{FP}^{\text{NP}}[\text{poly}]$, and \textsc{$\forall\exists$-4-Partition}, shown complete for $\Sigma_2^P$. Both are number problems that are hard in the strong sense.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[477] viXra:1808.0609 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 09:39:31

Demystify Einstein's Spooky Science

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 67 Pages.

According to Andrew Friedman, a research scientist at the University of California San Diego Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences (CASS), "the race is on" around the globe to identify and experimentally close potential loopholes that could still allow alternative theories, distinct from quantum theory, to explain perplexing phenomena like quantum entanglement. [38] The researchers used distant quasars, one of which emitted its light 7.8 billion years ago and the other 12.2 billion years ago, to determine the measurements to be made on pairs of entangled photons. [37] Researchers have demonstrated the first quantum light-emitting diode (LED) that emits single photons and entangled photon pairs with a wavelength of around 1550 nm, which lies within the standard telecommunications window. [36] JILA scientists have invented a new imaging technique that produces rapid, precise measurements of quantum behavior in an atomic clock in the form of near-instant visual art. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29]
Category: Quantum Physics

[476] viXra:1808.0608 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 10:22:12

Temperature of Proto DUNE

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 77 Pages.

The thermometer was constructed by the Instituto de Física Corpuscular in Valencia, Spain, and then shipped to CERN in three delicate pieces. [42] The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment or DUNE is a U.S.-led international experiment that focuses on neutrinos, subatomic particles that may offer an answer to the lingering mystery of the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[475] viXra:1808.0607 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 11:21:23

Spheroid Theory of Everything

Authors: Guy Abitbol
Comments: 116 Pages. https://www.youtube.com/watch?reload=9&v=omOlPH_4G5U

A full rational explanation of all the properties of the universe by 3 postulates (time, space, thin spheroid). This theory explains that charge is just a result of rotational motion, much as the temperature is just a result of translational motion. It explains why the speed of light is constant, what exactly are the elementary particle spins and why they have such strange properties and how entanglement form, how we can explain the huge red shift in CMB without stretching space. On the hearth of this theory lay a mathematical discovery that state that oppositely rotated spheroids attract and same rotated spheroids repel each other in an imaginary universe that contains many even thinner spheroids that translate in all directions without rotating.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[474] viXra:1808.0606 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 11:18:47

40-Year-Old Fluid Equations

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 31 Pages.

The researchers, led by Hans-Jurgen Bütt at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany, have published a paper on their experimental results in a recent issue of Physical Review Letters. [29] 400 kilometers above Earth, researchers examined waves in complex plasma under microgravity conditions and found that the microparticles behaved in nonuniform ways in the presence of varying electrical fields. [28] In nature, the nuclear reactions that form stars are often accompanied by astronomically high amounts of energy, sometimes over billions of years. [27] Dark matter halos are theoretical bodies inside which galaxies are suspended; the halo's mass dominates the total mass. [26] An international team of researchers extended their results from a previous study to directly measure the cosmic-ray all-electron (electron + positron) spectrum in an energy range from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET). [25] Mysterious radiation emitted from distant corners of the galaxy could finally be explained with efforts to recreate a unique state of matter that blinked into existence in the first moments after the Big Bang. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19]
Category: Condensed Matter

[473] viXra:1808.0605 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-29 09:51:51

Searching Harmonics in Nuclei Gyromagnetic Ratios. Startling Emergence of Scaling, Pseudo Octaves, and the Fine-Structure Constant from a Seemingly Random Network.

Authors: Bruno R. Galeffi
Comments: 5 Pages. Thank you

A plot of the nuclei gyromagnetic ratios vs. corresponding mass numbers was intuitively fitted with classic damped sinusoids of the form [asin(bx+c)+d]exp(-kx) using the interactive QtiPlot software. The outcome was a 2D interlaced network from which unexpected scaling emerged. The sine waves frequencies in descending order were found to follow the intriguing correlation b/2π=0.0100+0.137exp(-N/1.306) with N=0,1,2... The amplitude value at 0.137 is interpreted as 10^-3/α with α being the fine-structure constant. The scaling factor exp(1/1.306) which is ≈2.15 is discussed in relation to stretched octaves and probable connection to the golden ratio. The sinusoids equivalent energy range is found at E=7.29-107 MeV. The asymptotic energy value at 7.29 is interpreted as 10^3α, from which a nucleon mean radius at ≈0.85 fm is deduced.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[472] viXra:1808.0604 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 12:30:23

Artificial Intelligence Bring Sun Power to Earth

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

Now an artificial intelligence system under development at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) and Princeton University to predict and tame such disruptions has been selected as an Aurora Early Science project by the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, a DOE Office of Science User Facility. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[471] viXra:1808.0603 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 13:59:13

Quantum Random Number Generator Encryption

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 58 Pages.

Qrypt, Inc., has exclusively licensed a novel cyber security technology from the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory, promising a stronger defense against cyberattacks including those posed by quantum computing. [36] Researchers have shown that a chip-based device measuring a millimeter square could be used to generate quantum-based random numbers at gigabit per second speeds. [35] The researchers have focussed on a complex quantum property known as entanglement, which is a vital ingredient in the quest to protect sensitive data. [34] Cryptography is a science of data encryption providing its confidentiality and integrity. [33] Researchers at the University of Sheffield have solved a key puzzle in quantum physics that could help to make data transfer totally secure. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30] A new benchmark quantum chemical calculation of C2, Si2, and their hydrides reveals a qualitative difference in the topologies of core electron orbitals of organic molecules and their silicon analogues. [29] A University of Central Florida team has designed a nanostructured optical sensor that for the first time can efficiently detect molecular chirality—a property of molecular spatial twist that defines its biochemical properties. [28] UCLA scientists and engineers have developed a new process for assembling semiconductor devices. [27]
Category: Quantum Physics

[470] viXra:1808.0601 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 23:38:11

Six Different Natario Warp Drive Spacetime Metric Equations.

Authors: Fernando Loup
Comments: 79 Pages.

Warp Drives are solutions of the Einstein Field Equations that allows superluminal travel within the framework of General Relativity. There are at the present moment two known solutions: The Alcubierre warp drive discovered in $1994$ and the Natario warp drive discovered in $2001$.Alcubierre used the so-called $3+1$ original Arnowitt-Dresner-Misner($ADM$) formalism using the approach of Misner-Thorne-Wheeler to develop his warp drive theory.As a matter of fact the first equation in his warp drive paper is derived precisely from the original $3+1$ $ADM$ formalism and we have strong reasons to believe that Natario which followed the Alcubierre steps also used the original $3+1$ $ADM$ formalism to develop the Natario warp drive spacetime.Several years ago some works appeared in the scientific literature advocating two new parallel $3+1$ $ADM$ formalisms.While the original $ADM$ formalism uses mixed contravariant and covariant scripts one of the new parallel formalisms uses only contravariant scripts while the other uses only covariant scripts.Since the Natario vector is the generator of the Natario warp drive spacetime metric in this work we expand the original Natario vector including the coordinate time as a new Canonical Basis for the Hodge star generating an expanded Natario vector and we present $6$ equations for the Natario warp drive spacetime $3$ of them with constant velocities one for the original $ADM$ formalism and $2$ other for the parallel formalisms. We also present the corresponding $3$ extended versions of the Natario warp drive spacetime metric which encompasses accelerations and variable velocities both in the original and parallel $ADM$ formalisms.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[469] viXra:1808.0600 [pdf] replaced on 2019-03-10 12:54:00

Emergent Spacetime and Matter, Unified Field Theory (In Russian)

Authors: Andrey N. Smirnov
Comments: 29 Pages.

An axiomatic deterministic theory of physics based on a single unified field was proposed. In the theory model at the fundamental level there is no time and dynamics. It is shown how space-time with matter and fields emerge in this model. It is shown that the anthropic principle emerges as a consequence of the theory. The causality principle is derived as a consequence of the main principles of the theory. All three Newton's equations are obtained as consequences of the theory and in the nonrelativistic approximation. Mass, energy and other concepts of mechanics were obtained. The Schrödinger equation is derived. An explanation of the nature of particle spin is proposed. It is shown that the maximum speed of interactions must be finite and be the same in all inertial frames of reference. It is shown that the light speed and the maximum speed of interactions are exactly equal. A special theory of relativity with all its equations is obtained. The Klein-Gordon-Fock equations and, with some assumptions, the Dirac equations are obtained. Particles interaction is considered. There were given explanations of what virtual particles and quanta of field interactions are, and how renormalization works in quantum field theory. Seemingly fundamental interactions, such as strong, weak and electromagnetic are shown. Maxwell's equations are obtained, with some assumptions. It is shown that the standard model does not contradict the proposed theory. The nature of gravitation is considered. A strong equivalence principle is proved, all assumptions on which the general theory of relativity is based are proved. Based on this, it can be argued that the equations of the general relativity theory satisfy the theory of emergent space-time-matter. It is shown that gravity can not have quanta. Thus, this theory asserts that no theory of quantum gravity can exist. An explanation of the origin of the universe is proposed. An explanation is offered for the nature of dark energy and dark matter. Physical foundations of mathematics are considered.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[468] viXra:1808.0598 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 02:11:22

Definition of Time

Authors: A.I.Somsikov
Comments: 6 Pages. -

The physical sense of time is revealed and its properties are defined.
Category: Classical Physics

[467] viXra:1808.0597 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 01:54:21

Jupiter as Potential Second Sun: Some Remarks

Authors: Edgars Alksnis
Comments: 2 Pages.

Consequencies of „electromagnetic” Second Sun concept are discussed in brief. Probability of phenomenon should be considered in Mars colonisation mission planning.
Category: Astrophysics

[466] viXra:1808.0596 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-28 05:16:18

Some Comments on an Idea of Stephen Adler: a Frame Dependent Cosmological Constant.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 2 Pages.

In the context of DICE2018, S. Adler launched the interesting idea of an effective observer dependent cosmological constant. We discuss this suggestion in the context of covariant quantum mechanics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[465] viXra:1808.0595 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 08:47:43

Definition of the Term "DIRECTION" Определение термина «НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ»

Authors: Somsikov A.I.
Comments: 2 Pages.

One of initial or primary concepts which is considered to the "protozoa" (who aren't expressed through other concepts) is considered. The structure of this concept is revealed. Algebraic and geometrical consequences are found. Рассмотрено одно из исходных или первичных понятий, считающееся «простейшим» (не выражаемым через другие понятия). Выявлена структура этого понятия. Найдены алгебраические и геометрические следствия.
Category: Geometry

[464] viXra:1808.0594 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 09:26:31

AI Locate Risky Dams

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

The team is pinpointing the riskiest dams, using climate models, GIS data, and artificial intelligence to predict the likelihood that rainfall will overtop a dam and cause significant downstream damages to population and critical infrastructure. [26] Governments may soon be able to use artificial intelligence (AI) to easily and cheaply detect problems with roads, bridges and buildings. [25] Scientists led by Daigo Shoji from the Earth-Life Science Institute (Tokyo Institute of Technology) have shown that a type of artificial intelligence called a convolutional neural network can be trained to categorize volcanic ash particle shapes. [24] Intel's Gadi Singer believes his most important challenge is his latest: using artificial intelligence (AI) to reshape scientific exploration. [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[463] viXra:1808.0593 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 09:43:48

Stars Can Become Water Worlds/Ocean Worlds

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages.

Astronomers accept the idea that water cannot exist in stars. This is false, in fact, water is formed inside of stars as they evolve and they literally become water worlds. Explanation is provided with the theory that explains why this is true.
Category: Astrophysics

[462] viXra:1808.0592 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 10:12:07

Abstract Network Structure

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

The structures described by networks can be found universally in many fields, such as with respect to road traffic, communications, the Internet, social media, and biology.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[461] viXra:1808.0591 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 10:26:03

Plasma Density Limit

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 79 Pages.

Researchers at MIT's Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC) have now demonstrated how microwaves can be used to overcome barriers to steady-state tokamak operation. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38] Now, in a new result unveiled today at the Neutrino 2018 conference in Heidelberg, Germany, the collaboration has announced its first results using antineutrinos, and has seen strong evidence of muon antineutrinos oscillating into electron antineutrinos over long distances, a phenomenon that has never been unambiguously observed. [37] The Precision Reactor Oscillation and Spectrum Experiment (PROSPECT) has completed the installation of a novel antineutrino detector that will probe the possible existence of a new form of matter. [36] The MINERvA collaboration analyzed data from the interactions of an antineutrino— the antimatter partner of a neutrino—with a nucleus. [35] The inclusion of short-range interactions in models of neutrinoless double-beta decay could impact the interpretation of experimental searches for the elusive decay. [34]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[460] viXra:1808.0590 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 12:00:33

The Elysium Transition

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages.

There is a point where the water on an ocean/water world has its surface breached due to volcanic growth or crustal deformation bending upwards to great submarine heights. This is in addition to the water evaporating and the world losing its mass, thus making land easier to expose itself above the water. This happens in late ocean world stages, and is called the Elysium transition. Reasoning is provided.
Category: Astrophysics

[459] viXra:1808.0589 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-17 09:47:30

Minimal and Maximal Models in Reinforcement Learning

Authors: Dimiter Dobrev
Comments: 11 Pages.

Each test gives us one property which we will denote as test result. The extension of that property we will denote as the test property. This raises the question about the nature of that property. Can it be a property of the state of the world? The answer is both yes and no. For a random model of the world the answer is negative, but if we look at the maximal model of the world the answer would flip to positive. There can be various models of the world. The minimal model knows about the past and the future the indispensable minimum. Conversely, in the maximal model the world knows everything about the past and the future. If you threw a dice the maximal model would know which side will fall up and would even know what you will do. For example, it would know whether you will throw the dice at all.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[458] viXra:1808.0588 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 15:51:39

Mercury Day = 3 Mercury Rotation Periods =2 Mercury Orbital Periods, Why?

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 40 Pages.

Abstract Mercury Day = 4222.6 hours, Mercury rotation period = 1407.6 hours and Mercury orbital period = 88 days I claim the following: -These three cycles are related to each other -These three cycles depend on Jupiter Uranus distance (2095 mkm) -Please remember that, Earth moon Metonic Cycle also depends on Jupiter Uranus distance which makes these 4 cycles are related to each other By proving the previous claim I try to support my basic claim in all my papers that: The Solar Group is one machine or one body, each planet should be considered as a gear in this machine or as a member in this body. i.e. No Planet Motion is Found Independent From Other Planets Motions
Category: Astrophysics

[457] viXra:1808.0587 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 22:15:34

The Photons Who Pulses is a Dark Matter.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 5 Pages.

A photon pulsating in a 4-dimensional space has positive and negative masses. In case It is a particle in the Culur-Klein state. In case Photons are perfect candidates for dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[456] viXra:1808.0586 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-27 16:53:39

Quantum Particles as 3D Differentiable Manifolds

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 8 Pages. This paper has been published in International Journal of Physics

As shown in our work on spacetime structures of quantum particles, Schrödinger wavefunctions in quantum mechanics can be utilised to construct the geometric structures of quantum particles which are considered to be three-dimensional differentiable manifolds. In this work we will extend this kind of geometric formulation of quantum particles by showing that wavefunctions that are normally used to describe wave phenomena in classical physics can in fact also be utilised to represent three-dimensional differentiable manifolds which in turns are identified with quantum particles. We show that such identification can be achieved by using a three-dimensional wave equation to construct three-dimensional differentiable manifolds that are embedded in a four-dimensional Euclidean space. In particular, the dual character that is resulted from the identification of a wavefunction with a three-dimensional differentiable manifold may provide a classical basis to interpret the wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[455] viXra:1808.0585 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 02:37:20

Stop New Fossil Fuel Projects!

Authors: Lymeng Chi
Comments: 5 Pages.

Fossil fuel projects are harmful to the wellness of the environment, and thus their implementation should be reconsidered. This article is about the new fossil fuel project my country is implementing and why it should be stopped.
Category: Social Science

[454] viXra:1808.0584 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 02:41:19

Non-Invasive Heart Test

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Unnecessary heart procedures can be avoided with a non-invasive test, according to late breaking research presented today at ESC Congress 2018 and published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology. [31] Now, Columbia University researchers report a new way to zoom in at the tiniest scales to track changes within individual cells. [30] One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21]
Category: Physics of Biology

[453] viXra:1808.0583 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 03:09:31

Scans Cut Heart Attack Rates

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Heart scans for patients with chest pains could save thousands of lives in the UK, research suggests. [32] Unnecessary heart procedures can be avoided with a non-invasive test, according to late breaking research presented today at ESC Congress 2018 and published in Journal of the American College of Cardiology. [31] Now, Columbia University researchers report a new way to zoom in at the tiniest scales to track changes within individual cells. [30] One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21]
Category: Physics of Biology

[452] viXra:1808.0581 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 03:47:49

Black Hole Universe and Missing Components

Authors: Zbigniew Osiak
Comments: 3 Pages.

It was shown that the density of the Black Hole Universe is over 17 times bigger than the density of the Friedman’s Universe. Our model does not require the assumption of the existence of dark energy and matter.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[451] viXra:1808.0580 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 03:53:40

Czarnodziurowy Wszechświat a Brakujące Składniki ### Black Hole Universe and Missing Components

Authors: Zbigniew Osiak
Comments: 3 Pages. In Polish.

Wykazano, że gęstość Czarnodziurowego Wszechświata jest ponad 17 razy większa niż gęstość Wszechświata Friedmana. Nasz model nie wymaga przyjęcia założenia o istnieniu ciemnej energii i materii. ### It was shown that the density of the Black Hole Universe is over 17 times bigger than the density of the Friedman’s Universe. Our model does not require the assumption of the existence of dark energy and matter.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[450] viXra:1808.0579 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-27 08:11:02

Quantum Origin of Classical Poisson Distribution Universality

Authors: Peter Cameron
Comments: 2 Pages.

Scientists have discovered a mysterious pattern that somehow connects a bus system in Mexico and chicken eyes to quantum physics and number theory. The observed universality reveals properties for a large class of systems that are independent of the dynamical details, revealing underlying mathematical connections described by the classical Poisson distribution. This note suggests that their origin can be found in the wavefunction as modeled by the geometric interpreation of Clifford algebra.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[449] viXra:1808.0576 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 10:55:02

A Joint Multifractal Analysis of Finitely Many Non Gibbs-Ahlfors Type Measures

Authors: Adel Farhat, Anouar Ben Mabrouk
Comments: 20 Pages.

In the present paper, new multifractal analysis of vector valued Ahlfors type measures is developed. Mutual multifractal generalizations f fractal measures such as Hausdorff and packing have been introduced with associated dimensions. Essential properties of these measures have been shown using convexity arguments.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[448] viXra:1808.0572 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 13:25:18

On a Singular Kamke Equation Equivalent to Linear Harmonic Oscillator

Authors: M. Nonti, A. V. Yehossou, J; Akande, M. D. Monsia
Comments: 3 pages

This paper investigates analytical properties of a singular Kamke second order equation consisting of a generalization of Kamke equation 6.110 and Kamke equation 6.111. It is shown that this equation belongs to the class of quadratic Liénard type equations closely related to the linear harmonic oscillator and introduced recently by some authors of this work. In this way, exact Kamke solutions are recovered. The connection between this equations and the linear harmonic oscillator shows its possible use in mechanical vibrations study and quantum mechanics.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[447] viXra:1808.0571 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 13:40:33

Fractal Penrose Decagon Dodecahedron

Authors: David E. Fuller
Comments: 8 Pages.

Ideal Fluid Decagon Dodecahedron Fractal Penrose Tiling Planck Pressure & Volume & Viscosity Fluid Theory
Category: Quantum Physics

[446] viXra:1808.0570 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 13:46:39

Fractal Penrose Decagon Dodecahedron V2.0

Authors: David E. Fuller
Comments: 10 Pages.

Ideal Fluid Decagon Dodecahedron Fractal Penrose Tiling Planck Pressure & Volume & Viscosity Fluid Theory
Category: Quantum Physics

[445] viXra:1808.0568 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 15:38:49

Phase Curves in Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages.

Phase curves are presented to make more sense of the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram. They are curves on the graph which show the stage of evolution an object is in, as compared to a younger/older star. Explanation and clarification is presented so that stellar evolution (planet formation) is more easily understood. This graph is also subject to change as more data comes in, regardless this sets the precedent for thinking about astronomical matters in the 21st century.
Category: Astrophysics

[444] viXra:1808.0567 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-05 10:25:08

A Proof For Beal's Conjecture

Authors: Julian Beauchamp
Comments: 6 Pages.

In the first part of this paper, we show how a^x - b^y can be expressed as a new non-standard binomial formula (to an indeterminate power, n). In the second part, by fixing n to the value of z we compare this binomial formula to the standard binomial formula for c^z to prove the Beal Conjecture.
Category: Number Theory

[443] viXra:1808.0566 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-26 20:36:37

Metonic Cycle Proves,, Solar Planets Motions Depend on Their Cooperation,,

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 8 Pages.

I provide a new vision for the solar group The solar planets existence and motions depend on their cooperation with each other This vision in fact contradicts the solar group current vision… For example, the current vision refuses to have any relationship between Earth and Pluto because of the great distance between them, where the gravity force depends on the masses and decreases with the squared distance… My vision, on contrary, uses the Energy as source for Matter and Distance, means, the matter is created from Energy as the Equation E=mc2 tells us, and the distance is created from Energy which is my hypothesis… That means, the solar group is created from one energy Let's imagine that the solar group is similar to a creature body, now the same blood in this body goes to all members and connect all these members by this same blood So, Earth is connected with Pluto by the same energy which creates the matter and distance The main advantage in my vision or about the solar group is The Cooperation Between The Solar Planets… Metonic Cycle which is a cycle of Earth Moon extends for 19 sidereal years = 6939.75 days provides us a good proof for my claim So, we shall see in this paper, how Metonic Cycle can be seen as energy transports from point to another point through the solar which proves and supports my point of view. In fact that adds more extension for our thinking about the solar group and provides a great background for Metonic Cycle which is done by the Moon without explanation, where Earth doesn't rotate this cycle which answers our old question, if the planet moves by gravity and the moon under the Earth gravity, how does the moon rotate the Metonic Cycle which the Earth (his parent) doesn't? Actually my vision provides new knowledge for the solar group where we'll use the cooperation between the solar planets as a real factor to perform their existence and motions Note Please/ Metonic Cycle period = 6939.75 days = 19 x 365.25 days (19 sidereal years) = 235 x 29.53 days (235 Synodic Months) = 20 x 346.6 days (20 nodal years) The previous data tell that, there's a harmony between Earth, Moon and Moon orbit motions? why? We try to answer this question in this paper…
Category: Astrophysics

[442] viXra:1808.0565 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 01:49:44

The Accelerated Expansion of the Universe is Explained by Quantum Field Theory.

Authors: Elkin Igor
Comments: 5 Pages. ielkin@yandex.ru

Formulas describing interactions, in fact, use the limiting speed of information transfer, and not the speed of light. This speed depends, both on the speed of light itself and on the expansion of the universe by Hubble. This leads to the fact that the limiting speed of information transfer varies depending on the distance and depending on the local site in question. This gives a different interaction when the particles are repelled from each other and when they are attracted. This leads to the appearance of a nonzero residual interaction. And this leads to an explanation of the accelerated expansion.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[441] viXra:1808.0564 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-27 01:52:08

Ускоренное расширение Вселенной объясняет квантовая теория поля.

Authors: Elkin Igore Vladimirovich
Comments: 7 Pages. ielkin@yandex.ru

Формулы, описывающие взаимодействия, на самом деле используют предельную скорость передачи информации, а не скорость света. Эта скорость зависит, как от самой скорости света, так и от расширения Вселенной по Хабблу. Это приводит к тому, что предельная скорость передачи информации меняется в зависимости от расстояния и в зависимости от рассматриваемого локального участка. Это дает различное взаимодействие при отталкивании частиц друг от друга и при их притяжении. Что приводит к появлению не нулевого остаточного взаимодействия. А это приводит к объяснению ускоренного расширения.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[440] viXra:1808.0562 [pdf] replaced on 2018-12-07 07:05:24

New Interpretation and Analysis of Michelson-Morley Experiment, Sagnac Effect, and Stellar Aberration by Apparent Source Theory

Authors: Henok Tadesse
Comments: 45 Pages.

I have already proposed a new theory known as Apparent Source Theory( AST ) that has been highly successful in explaining the hitherto enigmatic and apparently contradictory light speed experiments. For example, to this date, there is no known, accepted theory of the speed of light that truly reconciles the 'null' result of the Michelson-Morley experiment and the fringe shift in the Sagnac effect. Apparent Source Theory is formulated as follows: the effect of absolute motion for co-moving light source and observer is to create an apparent change in position of the light source relative to ( as seen by ) the observer. Therefore, in the Michelson-Morley experiment ( MMX ), there will be an apparent change in position of the light source as seen from the point of light detection. There will be only a small fringe shift due to apparent change of source position for the same reason that there will be only a small fringe shift if the position of the light source was actually/physically changed. The ether doesn't exist, as disproved by the Michelson-Morley experiment, but absolute motion does exist, as proved by the Silvertooth and other experiments. Apparent Source Theory has successfully explained the conventional and modern Michelson-Morley experiments, the Sagnac effect, the enigmatic Silvertooth experiment, the Venus radar ranging experiment anomaly ( as analyzed by Bryan G Wallace ), the Marinov experiment, the Roland De Witte experiment and moving source and moving mirror experiments.In this paper,Iwill present a new analysis and interpretation of the Michelson-Morley experiment, the Sagnac effect and the phenomenon of stellar aberration. There have been two interpretations of the Michelson-Morley experiment (MMX)within the physics community: the 'null' interpretation and the non-null interpretation. From the point of view of stationary ether theory, the MMX result is essentially null because the observed fringe shift is much smaller than the expected value. On the contrary, the MMX result is non-null from the perspective of relativity theories, mainly the classical emission theory and the Special Relativity Theory (SRT ) because there were always small but significant fringe shifts observed, as in the Miller experiments. Therefore, the MMX disproves not only the ether theory, but also the emission theory and SRT. A correct theory of the speed of light, therefore, should account not only for the 'null' interpretation, but also for the non-null interpretation. To this date there is no such known, accepted theory of light. Apparent Source Theory (AST )has resolved this century old puzzle by explaining the small fringe shifts observed in MM experiments. In this paper it will be shown that AST predicts a maximum fringe shift of about 0.013 fringes for the 1881 Michelson experiment. Michelson measured a maximum fringe shift of about 0.018 fringes !The discrepancy may be reduced if more details of the dimensions of the original Michelson apparatus are obtained. For example, slight variation of the dimensions have resulted in a fringe shift of 0.02125 fringes. AST has successfully resolved the enigmatic contradiction between the Michelson-Morley experiment and the Sagnac effect. No known existing theory of light, including SRT, has achieved this.AST also explains why conventional Michelson-Morley experiments gave small fringe shifts, but modern Michelson-Morley experiments using optical cavity resonators give almost a complete null result. Despite all these successes, AST is found to be in conflict with stellar aberration, a simple analysis I overlooked for years. This was a serious problem that made me resort to speculative ideas*. This contradiction has been resolved at last in my other recent paper that gives a new interpretation to the phenomenon of stellar aberration.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[439] viXra:1808.0561 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 07:11:58

Atomic Movements in Crystal

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

Using computer simulations for the mineral lead telluride on the CSCS supercomputer Piz Daint, ETH researchers have resolved a long-standing controversy. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17] Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD have realized the control of thermal and electrical currents in nanoscale devices by means of quantum local observations. [16] Physicists have proposed a new type of Maxwell's demon—the hypothetical agent that extracts work from a system by decreasing the system's entropy—in which the demon can extract work just by making a measurement, by taking advantage of quantum fluctuations and quantum superposition. [15] Pioneering research offers a fascinating view into the inner workings of the mind of 'Maxwell's Demon', a famous thought experiment in physics. [14] For more than a century and a half of physics, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which states that entropy always increases, has been as close to inviolable as any law we know. In this universe, chaos reigns supreme. [13] Physicists have shown that the three main types of engines (four-stroke, twostroke, and continuous) are thermodynamically equivalent in a certain quantum regime, but not at the classical level. [12] For the first time, physicists have performed an experiment confirming that thermodynamic processes are irreversible in a quantum system—meaning that, even on the quantum level, you can't put a broken egg back into its shell. The results have implications for understanding thermodynamics in quantum systems and, in turn, designing quantum computers and other quantum information technologies. [11]
Category: Condensed Matter

[438] viXra:1808.0560 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 07:49:05

Remote Synchronization

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 46 Pages.

In some physical systems, even elements quite distant from one another are able to synchronize their actions. [30] Innovations in microscale electronics, medicine, combustion and scores of other technologies depend on understanding and predicting the behavior of electricity on the smallest of length scales. [29] New research from UBC's Okanagan campus, recently published in Nature Communications, may have uncovered the key to one of the darkest secrets of light. [28] But an international group led by Prof. Beena Kalisky and Prof. Aviad Frydman, from the Department of Physics and the Institute for Nanotechnology at Bar-Ilan University in Israel, has succeeded in imaging quantum fluctuations for the first time. [27] To tame chaos in powerful semiconductor lasers, which causes instabilities, scientists have introduced another kind of chaos. [26] An international team of scientists developed the world's first anti-laser for a nonlinear Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20]
Category: Quantum Physics

[437] viXra:1808.0559 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 08:06:56

Proteins Associated with Cancer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

An international team of researchers has determined the function of a new family of proteins associated with cancer and autism. [25] In 2016, when we inaugurated our new IBM Research lab in Johannesburg, we took on this challenge and are reporting our first promising results at Health Day at the KDD Data Science Conference in London this month. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17]
Category: Physics of Biology

[436] viXra:1808.0558 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-03 03:44:05

The Accelerating Expansion of the Universe is an Observational Error in the Measurement of the co-Moving Distant, as Well as the Measurement of the Velocity of Recession.

Authors: Mr S.M.Hosseini, Mr M. Isaac Kendrick
Comments: 7 Pages.

Abstract The observation of the Universe at the present epoch will only give the rate of the expansion of the Universe at present era and produce one value of the Hubble constant by any observer in any galaxy in the cosmos. The expansion rate of the Universe is not obtainable for the past or the future of the Universe by observation; it can only be calculated by the fact that the invers of the Hubble constant is the age of the Universe at any period. One of the fundamental pillars of the cosmology is the Hubble constant and the inverse of it is the age of the Universe: , this relationship will be violated by observation that the Universe’s expansion is accelerating. This is fundamental that any epoch any observer on any galaxy in the Universe by looking at all the distant galaxies will measure the velocity of recession divided by Co-moving distant will obtain the value of the Hubble constant precisely the same exact value. The value of the Hubble constant is only constant at a particular epoch by all the observers in the Universe and decays as the passage of time according to the relationship: .
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[435] viXra:1808.0556 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 17:19:22

Low-Temperature Energy Efficiency of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Authors: Ashkan Nazari, Roja Esmaeeli, Seyed Reza Hashemi, Haniph Aliniagerdroudbari, Siamak Farhad
Comments: 7 Pages.

In this study, the low-temperature energy efficiency of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with different chemistries and nominal capacities at various charge and discharge rates is studied through multi-physics modeling and computer simulation. The model is based on the irreversible heat generation in the battery, leading to the charge/discharge efficiency in LIBs with graphite/LiFePO4, graphite/LiMn2O4, and graphite/LiCoO2 electrode materials in which the effects of the battery nominal capacity at various charge and discharge rates are studied. Using characterized sources of the heat generation in the LIB leads to providing a battery efficiency plot at different operation condition for each LIBs. The results of this study assist the battery engineers to have much more accurate prediction over the efficiency of the LIBs at low temperatures.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[434] viXra:1808.0555 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 17:23:29

Experimental Investigation on Newtonian Drop Formation in Different Continuous Phase Fluids

Authors: Ashkan Nazari, Arash Nazari
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this work, formation water drops as a Newtonian fluid in different bulk fluids are investigated. A MATLAB code has been developed to process the images taken via a high speed camera in the lab to measure the contact angle of drop, as well as the drop’s diameter and volume at different stages of formation. It is found that the water drop shows similar behavior when they shaped in the liquid phase bulk fluid with different properties while the drop formation’s behavior is substantially different when water drops are formed in the gas bulk fluid. In addition, it is tried to predict the frequency of drop formation at different flow rates with regard to the inertial and surface tension forces applied to the dispread fluid.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[433] viXra:1808.0554 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 17:26:46

Fast Fault Diagnosis of a Lithium-Ion Battery for Hybrid Electric Aircraft

Authors: Seyed Reza Hashemi, Ashkan Nazari, Roja Esmaeeli, Haniph Aliniagerdroudbari, Muapper Alhadri, Waleed Zakri, Abdul Haq Mohammed, Ajay Mahajan, Siamak Farhad
Comments: 8 Pages.

A well-designed battery management system along with a set of voltage and current sensors is required to properly measure and control the battery cell operational variables for Hybrid Electric Aircrafts (HEAs). Some critical functions of the battery including State-Of-Charge (SOC) and State-Of-Health (SOH) estimations, over-current, and over-/under-voltage protections are mainly related to current and voltage sensor measurements. Therefore, in case of battery faults occur in HEA, designing a reliable and robust diagnostic procedure is essential. In this study, for Li-ion batteries, a new and fast fault diagnosis technique via collecting data is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed diagnostic method is validated, and the results show how over-charge, over-discharge and sensor faults can be accurately detected.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[432] viXra:1808.0553 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 17:28:02

Optimization of a Rainbow Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting System for Tire Monitoring Applications

Authors: RojaEsmaeeli, Haniph Aliniagerdroudbari, Ashkan Nazari, Seyed Reza Hashemi, Muapper Alhadri, Waleed Zakri, Abdul Haq Mohammed, Celal Batur, Siamak Farhad
Comments: 8 Pages.

Ambient energy harvesting using piezoelectric transducers is becoming popular to provide power for small microelectronics devices. The deflection of tires during rotation is an example of the source of energy for electric power generation. This generated power can be used to feed tire self-powering sensors for bicycles, cars, trucks, and airplanes. The aim of this study is to optimize the energy efficiency of a rainbow shape piezoelectric transducer mounted on the inner layer of a pneumatic tire for providing enough power for microelectronics devices required to monitor tires. For this aim a rainbow shape piezoelectric transducer is adjusted with the tire dimensions and excited based on the car speed and strain. The geometry and load resistance effects of the piezoelectric transducer is optimized using Multiphysics modeling and finite element analysis.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[431] viXra:1808.0551 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 23:23:12

Deriving the Laffer Curve using the Concept of the Excess Burden of Taxation

Authors: Tim Walshaw
Comments: 20 Pages.

The Laffer Curve formula is derived from the concept of Excess Burden using a single parameter obtained from the theoretical relationship between the average Excess Burden ratio and the square of the average Tax Ratio. This is followed by a demonstration, using a chosen figure of excess burden, showing how to estimate the values of a Laffer Curve.
Category: Economics and Finance

[430] viXra:1808.0550 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 02:34:32

Solid-State Quantum Memory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

The reliable storage and coherent manipulation of quantum states with matter-systems enable the construction of large-scale quantum networks based on a quantum repeater. [27] A UNSW study published this week resolves key challenges in creation of hole-based artificial atoms, with excellent potential for more-stable, faster, more scalable quantum computing. [26] Scientists at Tsinghua University and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, have demonstrated the ability to control the states of matter, thus controlling internal resistance, within multilayered, magnetically doped semiconductors using the quantum anomalous Hall effect. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18]
Category: Quantum Physics

[429] viXra:1808.0549 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 04:09:18

Conducts Light Powerfully

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

Running computers on virtually invisible beams of light rather than microelectronics would make them faster, lighter and more energy efficient. [28] The reliable storage and coherent manipulation of quantum states with matter-systems enable the construction of large-scale quantum networks based on a quantum repeater. [27] A UNSW study published this week resolves key challenges in creation of hole-based artificial atoms, with excellent potential for more-stable, faster, more scalable quantum computing. [26] Scientists at Tsinghua University and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, have demonstrated the ability to control the states of matter, thus controlling internal resistance, within multilayered, magnetically doped semiconductors using the quantum anomalous Hall effect. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19]
Category: Quantum Physics

[428] viXra:1808.0548 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 04:29:47

Novel X-Ray Optics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 67 Pages.

Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a new approach to 3-D x-ray imaging that can visualize bulky materials in great detail—an impossible task with conventional imaging methods. [39] In a recent study featured on the March 2018 cover of Nature Photonics, researchers developed a new holographic method called in-flight holography. With this method, they were able to demonstrate the first X-ray holograms of nano-sized viruses that were not attached to any surface. [38] A paper published in the journal Physical Review X presents evidence of a radiation reaction occurring when a high-intensity laser pulse collides with a high-energy electron beam. [37] Researchers from Würzburg and London have succeeded in controlling the coupling of light and matter at room temperature. [36] Researchers have, for the first time, integrated two technologies widely used in applications such as optical communications, bio-imaging and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems that scan the surroundings of self-driving cars and trucks. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29]
Category: Quantum Physics

[427] viXra:1808.0547 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 04:55:53

Decades-Old Math Problem

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

"It took a long time, six years in fact, for the paper to get published, and even longer to be understood and gain the influence and impact that it deserved," said Joseph Avron, professor of physics at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, writing in the April 2018 newsletter of the International Association of Mathematical Physics. [28] The reliable storage and coherent manipulation of quantum states with matter-systems enable the construction of large-scale quantum networks based on a quantum repeater. [27] A UNSW study published this week resolves key challenges in creation of hole-based artificial atoms, with excellent potential for more-stable, faster, more scalable quantum computing. [26] Scientists at Tsinghua University and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, have demonstrated the ability to control the states of matter, thus controlling internal resistance, within multilayered, magnetically doped semiconductors using the quantum anomalous Hall effect. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20]
Category: Quantum Physics

[426] viXra:1808.0546 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-25 05:20:14

AI Boost Language Learners

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

IBM Research and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) are collaborating on a new approach to help students learn Mandarin. [26] A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in Germany and the U.S. has developed a deep learning algorithm that can be used for motion capture of animals of any kind. [25] In 2016, when we inaugurated our new IBM Research lab in Johannesburg, we took on this challenge and are reporting our first promising results at Health Day at the KDD Data Science Conference in London this month. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[425] viXra:1808.0545 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 06:06:58

Great Delusion

Authors: A.V. Kaminsky
Comments: 25 Pages. In Russian

Abstract Why is physical reality exactly like it is, and not another? In order to understand this, first of all, you need to understand what physical reality is? What is the role of the observer? What is an observer? To answer these questions, we will take a short but exciting trip into transcendental philosophy of Kant, Fichte and Husserl. Keywords: consciousness, time, quantum mechanics, existence, subjectivity, relativity, illusion, ontology.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[424] viXra:1808.0544 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 06:33:50

A Prospective Study on Bone Health: Effect of Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 Using MG-63 Cell Line

Authors: Laura Nelson Streicher, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 11 Pages.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the significant role of Consciousness Energy Healing based vitamin D3 and DMEM medium on bone health parameters in vitro using MG-63 cells such as alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) activity, collagen levels and bone mineralization. The test items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM medium were divided into two parts. The test samples received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Laura Nelson Streicher and samples were defined as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were denoted as the untreated test items (UT). MTT assay for cell viability showed that increased range 76% to 139% cell viability with safe and nontoxic profile of test samples on MG-63 cell line. ALP was significantly increased by 232.7% (1 µg/mL), 156.4% (100 µg/mL) and 262.5% (100 µg/mL) in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI groups, respectively as compared with the untreated group. The level of collagen was significantly increased by 145.8% and 151.6% at 10 and 50 µg/mL, respectively in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 177.1%, 235.6%, and 165.3% at 1, 10, and 50 µg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased collagen level by 252.1% at 1 µg/mL as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group.The percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 92.8%, 65.8%, and 32.2% at 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/mL, respectively in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 76.8%, 132.5%, and 7.6% at 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased bone mineralization by 92.8%, 38.6%, and 12.3% at 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated group. Biofield Energy Treatment might be vital in promotion and maintenance of strong and healthy bones and quality of life by assisting them in maintaining optimal vitamin D levels. It regulates the osteoblast function, improvesbone mineralization, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disordersalong with wide range of adverse health conditions, comprising cancer and certain autoimmune diseases.
Category: Biochemistry

[423] viXra:1808.0543 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 07:50:13

Deep Learning Motion Capture

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

A team of researchers affiliated with several institutions in Germany and the U.S. has developed a deep learning algorithm that can be used for motion capture of animals of any kind. [25] In 2016, when we inaugurated our new IBM Research lab in Johannesburg, we took on this challenge and are reporting our first promising results at Health Day at the KDD Data Science Conference in London this month. [24] The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[422] viXra:1808.0542 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 09:17:49

Simulation Shed Light on Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 19 Pages.

The U.S. Department of Energy has approved nearly $1 million in funding for the research team, which has been tasked with leveraging large-scale computer simulations and developing new statistical methods to help us better understand these fundamental forces. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[421] viXra:1808.0541 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 10:20:44

Complex Structures Inversion

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 26 Pages.

Researchers at ETH have now succeeded in turning the magnetic and electric structure of materials into their opposites using a single magnetic field pulse. [18] Understanding how these materials mix has implications in industries such as pharmaceuticals and concrete manufacturing, but little is still known about how to best mix them. [17] The scientists identified a shortlist, a kind of "periodic table" of the most designable knot types, i.e. those knots that could easily self-assemble under appropriate physical and chemical conditions. [16] Scientists have now observed for the first time how diamonds grow from seed at an atomic level, and discovered just how big the seeds need to be to kick the crystal growing process into overdrive. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[420] viXra:1808.0537 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 11:47:32

A Generalized Solution to a Specific Type of Power Series and its Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Extensions

Authors: Abdalla M. Aboarab
Comments: 12 Pages.

In this paper, the power series is looked at from a different perspective. The Summation of $n^{m}a^{-bn}$ is evaluated using a new method. An assumption is made that the power $-bn$ is multiplied by $x$ where $ x=1$; then the series is integrated m times in order to cancel the term $n^{m} $ out leaving the term $a^{-bn}$. By simply taking the derivative of the result m-times, an expression to evaluate the series arises, which include only a constant term and the m$^{th}$ order derivative of the summation of a simple geometric series. Further applications of the method are used to evaluate the series with the cosine, sine, hyperbolic sine, and hyperbolic cosine. Finally, the method is used to further simplify some of the hardest forms of series to deal with: the series $n^{m}$sinh$^{v}(ny)$, and $n^{m}$cosh$^{v}(ny)$ and $n^{m}$sin$^{v}(ny)$.
Category: General Mathematics

[419] viXra:1808.0536 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 12:38:50

Why Supermassive Black Hole Move

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 24 Pages.

These new data have inspired much interest in the astrophysical community, because studying the position of the SMBH in M87 is critical for understanding the evolution of the galaxy, and for the analysis of jets in other AGNs. [22] RUDN astrophysicists have suggested an approach to simplify calculations of observable effects in the vicinity of black holes to which the mathematical apparatus of Einstein's classic relativity theory does not apply. [21] Answering the question "How did galaxies form and evolve during the 13.8-billion-year history of the universe?" has been one top issue in modern astronomy. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[418] viXra:1808.0535 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 13:06:15

Explain Cancer Hallmark

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 70 Pages.

The unexpected discovery, described August 23, 2018, in the journal Cell, could have big implications for scientists trying to grow human tissues in the lab. [40] A new cancer therapy using nanoparticles to deliver a combination therapy direct to cancer cells could be on the horizon, thanks to research from the University of East Anglia. [39] Researchers have developed a new form of nanoparticle and associated imaging technique that can detect multiple disease biomarkers, including those for breast cancer, found in deep-tissue in the body. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31]
Category: Physics of Biology

[417] viXra:1808.0531 [pdf] replaced on 2019-11-28 02:59:27

Goldbach's Conjecture

Authors: Toshiro Takami
Comments: 11 Pages.

I proved the Goldbach's conjecture. Even numbers are prime numbers and prime numbers added, but it has not been proven yet whether it can be true even for a huge number (forever huge number). All prime numbers are included in (6n - 1) or (6n + 1) except 2 and 3 (n is a positive integer). All numbers are executed in hexadecimal notation. This does not change even in a huge number (forever huge number). 2 (6n + 2), 4 (6n - 2), 6 (6n) in the figure are even numbers. 1 (6n + 1), 3 (6n + 3), 5 (6n - 1) are odd numbers.
Category: Number Theory

[416] viXra:1808.0530 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 02:24:09

Role of Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 in Human Bone Osteosarcoma Cells (MG-63): A Multidisciplinary Aspect on Bone Health

Authors: Julia Grace McCammon, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 6 Pages.

Study the impact of Biofield Treated vitamin D3 and DMEM on bone health in human bone osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) was investigated. The test items (TI), were distributed into two parts. One part of each sample was received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Julia Grace McCammon, and those samples were labeled as Biofield Treated (BT) samples, while other parts of each sample were denoted as untreated test items (UT), where did not provide any types of treatment. Cell viability showed test samples were found as safe in tested concentrations. ALP was significantly increased by 210.4% and 221.6% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI and BT-DMEM+BT-TI respectively at 0.1 µg/mL, while increased by 207.9% in BT-DMEM+UT-TI compared to UT-DMEM+UT-TI. Collagen was significantly increased by 158.46%, 129.23%, and 138.46% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI respectively at 1 µg/mL compared to untreated. Moreover, level of collagen was significantly enhanced by 101.37%, 157.53%, and 176.71% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI respectively at 10 µg/mL compared to untreated. Besides, the percent of bone mineralization was remarkably increased by 70.59% and 151.18% in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI and BT-DMEM+BT-TI respectively at 100 µg/mL, while increased by 117.17% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI at 1 µg/mL than untreated. Altogether, the Biofield Energy Treated vitamin D3 was significantly improved the bone cell growth-related parameters. It could be used as an alternative supplement for vitamin D3 deficiency on various bone-related disorders (osteoporosis, low bone density, Paget’s disease, rickets, osteomalacia), stress, aging, autoimmune, and inflammatory disorders.
Category: Biochemistry

[415] viXra:1808.0529 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 02:24:34

Functional Modification of Bone Tissues After Treatment with the Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 in Human Bone Osteosarcoma Cells (MG-63)

Authors: Joy Angevin Balmer, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 8 Pages.

The potential of Consciousness Energy Treated vitamin D3 and DMEM in human bone osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) was investigated. The Test Items (TI), were separated into two parts. One part of each sample was received Biofield Energy Treatment by Joy Angevin Balmer and defined as Biofield Treated (BT) samples, while other parts of each sample were denoted as Untreated Test Items (UT). The cell viability results revealed test samples were found as safe upto 100 µg/mL. ALP was significantly increased by 84.62% in BT-DMEM + BT-TI at 0.1 µg/mL, while increased by 118.24% and 241.62% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI and BT-DMEM + UT-TI, respectively at 1 µg/mL than UT-DMEM + UT-TI. Moreover, ALP was significantly elevated by 43.56% and 192.08% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI and BT-DMEM + UT-TI, respectively at 10 µg/mL than untreated. Collagen was significantly increased by 112.24%, 83.68%, and 142.88% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI, BT-DMEM + UT-TI, and BT-DMEM + BT-TI, respectively at 0.1 µg/mL than untreated. Further, collagen was significantly elevated by 75.39%, 106.15%, and 113.87% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI, BT-DMEM + UT-TI, and BT-DMEM + BT-TI at 1 µg/mL than UT-DMEM + UT-TI. Besides, bone mineralization was remarkably increased by 106.2% and 95.20% at 100 µg/mL in BT-DMEM + UT-TI and BT-DMEM + BT-TI, respectively than untreated. Overall, Biofield Energy Treated vitamin D3 was significantly improved bone health parameters and could be able to fight against various bone-related disorders (osteoporosis, rickets, low bone density, osteogenesis imperfecta), autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress, and anti-aging improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[414] viXra:1808.0528 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-09 07:53:20

Science and the Thirty Three Gods

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 18 Pages.

The world's oldest system of philosophy encloses within its fold, advanced concepts of science metaphorically alluded as deities - From Astronomy to Cosmology to Relativity to Particle Physics to Quantum Mechanics to Chaos Theory - we've covered it all.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[413] viXra:1808.0527 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 04:00:11

Graphene Quantum Dot Cake

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

This tiered "wedding cake," which appears in images that show the energy level structure of the electrons, experimentally confirms how electrons interact in a tightly confined space according to long-untested rules of quantum mechanics. [30] Quantum dots that emit entangled photon pairs on demand could be used in quantum communication networks. [29] Researchers successfully integrated the systems—donor atoms and quantum dots. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20] Physicists at MIT have now cooled a gas of potassium atoms to several nanokelvins—just a hair above absolute zero—and trapped the atoms within a two-dimensional sheet of an optical lattice created by crisscrossing lasers. Using a high-resolution microscope, the researchers took images of the cooled atoms residing in the lattice. [19]
Category: Condensed Matter

[412] viXra:1808.0526 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-24 04:29:21

Matter-Matter Coupling Evidence

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

After their recent pioneering experiments to couple light and matter to an extreme degree, Rice University scientists decided to look for a similar effect in matter alone. [31] This tiered "wedding cake," which appears in images that show the energy level structure of the electrons, experimentally confirms how electrons interact in a tightly confined space according to long-untested rules of quantum mechanics. [30] Quantum dots that emit entangled photon pairs on demand could be used in quantum communication networks. [29] Researchers successfully integrated the systems—donor atoms and quantum dots. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20]
Category: Condensed Matter

[411] viXra:1808.0525 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 06:01:54

Navier-Stokes Three Dimensional Equations General Periodic Solutions for a given Periodic Initial Velocity Vector Field for Incompressible Fluid with Positive Viscosity

Authors: Biruk Alemayehu Petros
Comments: 6 Pages. millenium prize problem counter example

The existence of smooth periodic solutions for Navier-Stokes three dimensional equations for a given periodic initial velocity vector field with positive viscosity is proved. The equation is solved by considering Fourier series representation of periodic initial velocity vector fields and predicting the velocity vector field at all times. The solution discovered here can also be used as counter example for clay mathematics millennium prize problem.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[410] viXra:1808.0524 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 08:56:49

Nanoscale Heat Transport

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

A team of researchers from the Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) and the University of Potsdam has investigated heat transport in a model system comprising nanometre-thin metallic and magnetic layers. [29] A new uncertainty relation, linking the precision with which temperature can be measured and quantum mechanics, has been discovered at the University of Exeter. [28] Physicists have demonstrated that energy quantization can improve the efficiency of a single-atom heat engine to exceed the performance of its classical counterpart. [27] A solid can serve as a medium for heat and sound wave interactions just like a fluid does for thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators-resulting in leak-free machines that can stay operating longer. [26] Like watchmakers choosing superior materials to build a fine timepiece, physicists at the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) at the National University of Singapore have singled out an atom that could allow them to build better atomic clocks. [25] Yale physicists have uncovered hints of a time crystal—a form of matter that "ticks" when exposed to an electromagnetic pulse—in the last place they expected: a crystal you might find in a child's toy. [24] The research shows that concentrated electrolytes in solution affect hydrogen bonding, ion interactions, and coordination geometries in currently unpredictable ways. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20]
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[409] viXra:1808.0523 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-26 06:45:55

The Wondrous Design and Non-random Character for “Chance” Events

Authors: Robert A. Herrmann
Comments: 19 Pages.

In this article, it is shown specifically that physical-system chance events as represented by theory predicted (a priori) probabilistic statements used in such realms as modern particle physics, among others, are only random relative to the restricted language of the theory that predicts such behavior. It is shown that all such “chance” physical events are related one to another by a remarkably designed, systematic and wondrous collection of equations that model how the physical laws and processes specifically yield such physical events. A second result shows theoretically that all such “chance” behavior is caused by the application of well-defined ultralogics.
Category: Quantum Physics

[408] viXra:1808.0522 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 09:34:59

Simpler Black Hole Description

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

RUDN astrophysicists have suggested an approach to simplify calculations of observable effects in the vicinity of black holes to which the mathematical apparatus of Einstein's classic relativity theory does not apply. [21] Answering the question "How did galaxies form and evolve during the 13.8-billion-year history of the universe?" has been one top issue in modern astronomy. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think " the Big Bang " , except just the opposite. That's essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[407] viXra:1808.0521 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-26 15:05:35

Developing a New Space over Deterministic Imaginary Time

Authors: Mesut Kavak
Comments: 4 Pages.

In a day from days, when the famous x is lengthened to x_2 and lost its virginity... Hey-o! Here comes the danger up in this club again. Listen up! Here's the story about a little guy, that lives in a dark world and uses power of wisdom as a torch to find way in darkness; and all day and all night and everything he sees is just illusion. I have been working about the laws of existence for a time. I developed new formulas which were based on a strong mechanism over philosophical hypotheses. Nobody can answer easily; but I thought many times better mathematical infrastructure. Actually at the beginning, I noticed, that a fixed observer does observation of moving bodies being the bodies do a circular motion because of emerging and changing angles over time even if the objects move parallel manner relatively to the observer at that time . This would not happen accidentally even if abstract math says, nothing is going to change. Eureka! Finally while I was in a cafe today, I remembered and developed in a few hours a new method on some note papers which I demanded from cafe to explain existence, and thereupon I asked to my friends for leave, and I am writing towards morning in the name of giving a shoulder to the tired giants. The ancients smile on me!
Category: Mathematical Physics

[406] viXra:1808.0520 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 10:10:44

Cancer Reporting Machine Learning

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

The research group took advantage of a system at SLAC's Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL) that combines machine learning—a form of artificial intelligence where computer algorithms glean knowledge from enormous amounts of data—with experiments that quickly make and screen hundreds of sample materials at a time. [23] Researchers at the UCLA Samueli School of Engineering have demonstrated that deep learning, a powerful form of artificial intelligence, can discern and enhance microscopic details in photos taken by smartphones. [22] Such are the big questions behind one of the new projects underway at the MIT-IBM Watson AI Laboratory, a collaboration for research on the frontiers of artificial intelligence. [21] The possibility of cognitive nuclear-spin processing came to Fisher in part through studies performed in the 1980s that reported a remarkable lithium isotope dependence on the behavior of mother rats. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society (CNS), cognitive neuroscientists increasingly are using those emerging artificial networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16]
Category: Physics of Biology

[405] viXra:1808.0518 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 12:21:39

Anti-Hydrogen Research

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

Swansea University scientists working at CERN have published a study detailing a breakthrough in antihydrogen research. [25] Mysterious radiation emitted from distant corners of the galaxy could finally be explained with efforts to recreate a unique state of matter that blinked into existence in the first moments after the Big Bang. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[404] viXra:1808.0517 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 13:42:07

An Alternate View of the Elliptic Property of a Family of Projectile Paths

Authors: Radhakrishnamurty Padyala
Comments: 5 Pages.

Fernandez-Chapou and coworkers analyzed projectile trajectories and showed an elliptic property hidden in them. They pointed out and demonstrated a little known property of these projectiles, namely, the vertices of these projectiles lie on an ellipse. We present in this article an alternate view point of observing this ellipse. We emphasize, that we don’t use vectors or calculus or Newton’s laws in our analysis. We follow the traditions of Galileo – we use geometry principles. We consider here the semi parabolic paths of the projectiles.
Category: Classical Physics

[403] viXra:1808.0516 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 13:44:10

D-Wave Quantum Simulation

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

D-Wave Systems today published a milestone study demonstrating a topological phase transition using its 2048-qubit annealing quantum computer. [15] New quantum theory research, led by academics at the University of St Andrews' School of Physics, could transform the way scientists predict how quantum particles behave. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. [13] To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[402] viXra:1808.0515 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 14:21:38

Exploring the Barnes G-Function

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 5 Pages.

I derive an integral representation for the Barnes G-function among other things.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[401] viXra:1808.0514 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 14:23:28

Infinite Products for Gamma Function and Infinite Series for Log Gamma Function

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 2 Pages.

I derive an infinite product for gamma function and infinite series for log gamma function.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[400] viXra:1808.0513 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 17:47:20

Exposition of Various Potential Research Topics

Authors: Peter Bissonnet
Comments: 9 Pages.

The intent of this paper is to present hopefully new and fruitful topic areas for current and future research. 1. Is dark matter and dark energy really caused by strange new particles or something else? 2. Normal surface geometry in differential geometry is built upon what is called the Symmetric Coefficient of the Second Fundamental Form. Is there such a thing as the Asymmetric Coefficient of the Second Fundamental Form? 3. Is it possible to have one equation which will give the basic intrinsic spin values? 4. Is it possible to derive a generalized transport flux using the Fokker-Planck equation? 5. Does the weak interaction harbor a powerful energy source? 6. Could the predicted fading of the earth’s magnetic field lead to another ice age? What really is lightning?
Category: Mathematical Physics

[399] viXra:1808.0510 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-23 05:26:57

Movimientos de la Luna Y el Sol. Una Introducción

Authors: Wenceslao Segura González
Comments: 276 Pages. Spanish

Se puede entender que este es un libro de astronomía general pero centrado exclusivamente en los movimientos aparentes del Sol y de la Luna. Prácticamente todos los tópicos básicos de astronomía son tratados: determinación de las coordenadas celestes de la Luna y el Sol; transformación de coordenadas; ortos y ocasos; tránsito por el horizonte; cálculo de las fechas de la estaciones; fases lunares; etc.
Category: Astrophysics

[398] viXra:1808.0509 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:06:10

Gamma is Irrational

Authors: Timothy W. Jones
Comments: 4 Pages.

We introduce an unaccustomed number system, H±, and show how it can be used to prove gamma is irrational. This number system consists of plus and minus multiplies of the terms of the harmonic series. Using some properties of ln, this system can depict the harmonic series and lim as n goes to infinity of ln n at the same time, giving gamma as an infinite decimal. The harmonic series converges to infinity so negative terms are forced. As all rationals can be given in H± without negative terms, it follows that must be irrational.
Category: Number Theory

[397] viXra:1808.0508 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:04:27

Neutrosophic Hough Transform-Based Track Initiation Method for Multiple Target Tracking

Authors: En Fan, Weixin Xie, Jihong Pei, Keli Hu, Xiaobin Li
Comments: 13 Pages.

A neutrosophic Hough transform-based track initiation method (NHT-TI) is proposed to solve the uncertain track initiation problem in a complex surveillance environment. In the proposed method, a neutrosophic set is employed to describe the uncertain association of a measurement with different targets, which is divided into three categories including the association with real targets, uncertain targets and false targets, respectively.
Category: General Mathematics

[396] viXra:1808.0507 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:05:31

Neutrosophic Ideals in Bck=bci-Algebras Based on Neutrosophic Points

Authors: Mehmet Ali Ozturk, Young Bae Jun
Comments: 17 Pages.

The concept of neutrosophic set (NS) developed by Smarandache is a more general platform which extends the concepts of the classic set and fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy set and interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy set.
Category: General Mathematics

[395] viXra:1808.0505 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:08:02

"Neutrosophic Logic: the Revolutionary Logic in Philosophy and Science"

Authors: Abbas Y. Al-Bayati
Comments: 1 Page.

It is our pleasure and honor to invite all interested academic in both Telafer and Mosul universities , for hope to get benefit from those important knowledge aspects which represent the basic that all modern science will emanate from it, because of the Neutrosophic logic is more general and more comprehensive from fuzzy logic and intuitionistic fuzzy logic.
Category: General Mathematics

[394] viXra:1808.0504 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:09:06

Neutrosophic Magdm Based on Entropies of Degrees α, β and Rnorm

Authors: A. Solairaju, M. Shajahan
Comments: 6 Pages.

Yager [1988] developed the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and applied in decision making problems. Xu & Yager [2006] developed some geometric aggregation operators, such as the intuitionistic fuzzy weighted geometric (IFWG) operator, the intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid geometric (IFHG) operator and gave an application of the IFHG operator to multiple attribute group decision making with intuitionistic fuzzy information. Xu [2007e] and Xu & Chen [2007a, 2007b] also developed some arithmetic aggregation operators for decision making problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[393] viXra:1808.0503 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:10:10

Neutrosophic Number Goal Programming for Multi-Objective Linear Programming Problem in Neutrosophic Number Environment

Authors: Surapati Pramanik, Durga Banerjee
Comments: 8 Pages.

The purpose of the paper is to propose goal programming strategy to multi-objective linear programming problem with neutrosophic numbers which we call NN-GP. The coefficients of objective functions and the constraints are considered as neutrosophic numbers of the form (m+nI), where m, n are real numbers and I denotes indeterminacy.
Category: General Mathematics

[392] viXra:1808.0502 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:11:19

Neutrosophic Number Nonlinear Programming Problems and Their General Solution Methods under Neutrosophic Number Environments

Authors: Jun Ye, Wenhua Cui, Zhikang Lu
Comments: 9 Pages.

In practical situations, we often have to handle programming problems involving indeterminate information.
Category: General Mathematics

[391] viXra:1808.0501 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:12:30

Neutrosophic Q-Fuzzy Subgroups

Authors: S. Thiruveni, A. Solairaju
Comments: 8 Pages.

In this paper, the notation of concept of neutrosopy in Q-fuzzy set is introduced. Further some properties and results on neutrosophic Q-fuzzy subgroups are discussed.
Category: General Mathematics

[390] viXra:1808.0500 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:13:11

Neutrosophic Soft Modules

Authors: Kemale Veliyeva, Sadi Bayramov
Comments: 12 Pages.

Molodtsov initiated the concept of soft sets in [17]. Maji et al. defined some operations on soft sets in [13]. Aktaş et al. generalized soft sets by defining the concept of soft groups in [2]. After then, Qiu-Mei Sun et al. gave soft modules in [20]. In this paper, the concept of neutrosophic soft module is introduced and some of its basic properties are studied.
Category: General Mathematics

[389] viXra:1808.0499 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:14:16

Neutrosoph_ic Topoloj_ik Uzaylar

Authors: Cemil KURU
Comments: 42 Pages.

Ordu Oniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitlisti ogrencisi Cemil KURU tarafmdan haz1rlanan ve Yrd. Do9. Dr. Mehmet KORKMAZ dam~manhgmda yilrilttilen "Neutrosophic Topolojik Uzaylar "adh bu tez, jurimiz tarafmdan 18 I 12 I 2017 tarihinde oy birligi I ov coklueu ile Matematik Anabilim Dalmda Yuksek Lisans tezi olarak kabul edilmistir.
Category: General Mathematics

[388] viXra:1808.0498 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 09:15:37

Cyclic Universe Evidence

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 33 Pages.

Unexpected hot spots in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) could have been produced by black holes evaporating before the Big Bang. [27] Researchers have developed a new way to improve our knowledge of the Big Bang by measuring radiation from its afterglow, called the cosmic microwave background radiation. [26] The group's results reinforce a disagreement over the value of the Hubble constant as measured directly and as calculated via observations of primordial radiation – a disparity, say the researchers, which likely points to new physics. [25] Neutron stars consist of the densest form of matter known: a neutron star the size of Los Angeles can weigh twice as much as our sun. [24] Supermassive black holes, which lurk at the heart of most galaxies, are often described as "beasts" or "monsters". [23] The nuclei of most galaxies host supermassive black holes containing millions to billions of solar-masses of material. [22] New research shows the first evidence of strong winds around black holes throughout bright outburst events when a black hole rapidly consumes mass. [21] Chris Packham, associate professor of physics and astronomy at The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA), has collaborated on a new study that expands the scientific community's understanding of black holes in our galaxy and the magnetic fields that surround them. [20] In a paper published today in the journal Science, University of Florida scientists have discovered these tears in the fabric of the universe have significantly weaker magnetic fields than previously thought. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17]
Category: Astrophysics

[387] viXra:1808.0497 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 11:58:01

Quantum Simulation Mobility Edge

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

Now scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign using an innovative quantum simulation technique have made one of the first observations of a mobility edge in a low-dimensional system. [15] New quantum theory research, led by academics at the University of St Andrews' School of Physics, could transform the way scientists predict how quantum particles behave. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. [13] To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[386] viXra:1808.0495 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 17:06:53

Mercury Jupiter Distance (Revised)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 33 Pages.

Mercury Jupiter Distance with Mercury other data supports my claim that, "The Solar Group is One Machine, Each planet is One Gear In It" Let's review this idea here again….. I suggest that, The Matter is created from Energy (this is true based on the Equation E=mc2) The Distance is created from Energy (my hypothesis) That means, the Matter and Distance are created from the same Energy, That means, the whole solar group is created from the same one energy which guarantees the motions harmony. The matter should be seen as point of light coherence or energy lines connection where the energy is carried in the distances as in matters
Category: Astrophysics

[385] viXra:1808.0494 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 01:53:10

NEUTROSOPH˙IC TOPOLOJ˙IK Uzaylarda Kompaktlik

Authors: Burak KILIC
Comments: 35 Pages.

Ordu Oniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitilsti ogrencisi Burak KILIC; tarafmdan haz1rlanan ve Yrd.Doc. Dr. Yild1ray CELiK damsmanhgmda ytirtiti.ilen "Neutrosophic Topolojik Uzaylarda Kompakthk" adh bu tez, jtirimiz tarafmdan 18/12/2017 tarihinde oy birligi I ov coklugu ile Matematik Anabilim Dalmda YtiksekLisans tezi olarak kabul edilmistir.
Category: General Mathematics

[384] viXra:1808.0493 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 01:54:22

Neutrosophic Triplet Cosets and Quotient Groups

Authors: Mikail Bal, Moges Mekonnen Shalla, Necati Olgun
Comments: 13 Pages.

In this paper, by utilizing the concept of a neutrosophic extended triplet (NET), we define the neutrosophic image, neutrosophic inverse-image, neutrosophic kernel, and the NET subgroup. The notion of the neutrosophic triplet coset and its relation with the classical coset are defined and the properties of the neutrosophic triplet cosets are given. Furthermore, the neutrosophic triplet normal subgroups, and neutrosophic triplet quotient groups are studied.
Category: General Mathematics

[383] viXra:1808.0491 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:30:14

Neutrosophic Vague Soft Multiset for Decision Under Uncertainty

Authors: Ashraf Al-Quran, Nasruddin Hassan
Comments: 16 Pages.

The notion of classical soft multisets is extended to neutrosophic vague soft multisets by applying the theory of soft multisets to neutrosophic vague sets to be more effective and useful. We also define its basic operations, namely complement,subset, union, intersection along with illustrative examples, and study some related properties with supporting proofs. Lastly, this notion is applied to a decision making problem and its effectiveness is demonstrated using an illustrative example.
Category: General Mathematics

[382] viXra:1808.0490 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:31:45

New Integrated Quality Function Deployment Approach Based on Interval Neutrosophic Set for Green Supplier Evaluation and Selection

Authors: Luu Huu Van, Vincent F. Yu, Luu Quoc Dat, Canh Chi Dung, Shuo-Yan Chou, Nguyen Viet Loc
Comments: 13 Pages.

Green supplier evaluation and selection plays a crucial role in the green supply chain management of any organization to reduce the purchasing cost of materials and increase the flexibility and quality of products.
Category: General Mathematics

[381] viXra:1808.0489 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:34:03

New Multiple Attribute Decision Making Method Based on DEMATEL and TOPSIS for Multi-Valued Interval Neutrosophic Sets

Authors: Wei Yang, Yongfeng Pang
Comments: 16 Pages.

Interval neutrosophic fuzzy decision making is an important part of decision making under uncertainty, which is based on preference order. In this study, a new multi-valued interval neutrosophic fuzzy multiple attribute decision making method has been developed by integrating the DEMATEL (decision making trial and evaluation laboratory) method and the TOPSIS (the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution) method. Evaluation values are given in the form of multi-valued interval neutrosophic fuzzy values. By using DEMATEL, dependencies among attributes can be modeled, and attribute weights are determined.
Category: General Mathematics

[380] viXra:1808.0488 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:35:12

New Similarity Measures of Simplified Neutrosophic Sets and Their Applications

Authors: Chunfang Liu
Comments: 11 Pages.

The simplified neutrosophic set (SNS) is a generalization of fuzzy set that is designed for some practical situations in which each element has truth membership function, indeterminacy membership function and falsity membership function. In this paper, we propose a new method to construct similarity measures of single valued neutrosophic sets (SVNSs) and interval valued neutrosophic sets (IVNSs), respectively. Then we prove that the proposed formulas satisfy the axiomatic definition of the similarity measure. At last, we apply them to pattern recognition under the single valued neutrosophic environment and multi-criteria decision making problems under the interval valued neutrosophic environment. The results show that our methods are effective and reasonable.
Category: General Mathematics

[379] viXra:1808.0485 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:38:51

On Neutrosophic Paraconsistent Topology

Authors: Francisco Gallego Lupiáñez
Comments: 6 Pages.

Recently, F. Smarandache generalized the Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy sets and other kinds of sets to neutrosophic sets (NSs). Also, this author introduced a general definition of neutrosophic topology. On the other hand, there exist various kinds of paraconsistent logics, where some contradiction is admissible. The purpose of this paper is to show that a Smarandache’s definition of neutrosophic paraconsistent topology is not a generalization of C¸ oker’s intuitionistic fuzzy topology (IFT) or Smarandache’s general neutrosophic topology.
Category: General Mathematics

[378] viXra:1808.0484 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:40:01

On Neutrosophic Topology

Authors: Francisco Gallego Lupianez
Comments: 6 Pages.

Recently, Smarandache generalized the Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) and other kinds of sets to neutrosophic sets (NSs). Also, this author defined the notion of neutrosophic topology on the non-standard interval. One can expect some relation between the intuitionistic fuzzy topology (IFT) on an IFS and the neutrosophic topology. This paper aims to show that this is false.
Category: General Mathematics

[377] viXra:1808.0483 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:41:26

On Pseudohyperbolical Smarandache Curves in Minkowski 3-Space

Authors: Esra Betul Koc Ozturk, Ufuk Ozturk, Kazim Elarslan, Emilija Nešovic
Comments: 8 Pages.

We define pseudohyperbolical Smarandache curves according to the Sabban frame in Minkowski 3-space.We obtain the geodesic curvatures and the expression for the Sabban frame vectors of special pseudohyperbolic Smarandache curves. Finally, we give some examples of such curves.
Category: General Mathematics

[376] viXra:1808.0482 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:42:18

On Special Curves According to Darboux Frame in the Three Dimensional Lorentz Space

Authors: H. S. Abdel-Aziz, M. Khalifa Saad
Comments: 21 Pages.

In the light of great importance of curves and their frames in many different branches of science, especially differential geometry as well as geometric properties and the uses in various fields, we are interested here to study a special kind of curves called Smarandache curves in Lorentz 3-space.
Category: General Mathematics

[375] viXra:1808.0481 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:43:19

On Various Neutrosophic Topologies

Authors: Francisco Gallego Lupiáñez
Comments: 6 Pages.

Recently, F. Smarandache generalized the Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) and other kinds of sets to neutrosophic sets (NSs) and also defined various notions of neutrosophic topologies on the non-standard interval. One can expect some relation between the intuitionistic fuzzy topology (IFT) on an IFS and neutrosophic topologies on the non-standard interval. The purpose of this paper is to show that this is false.
Category: General Mathematics

[374] viXra:1808.0480 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:44:28

Optimization of WEDM Parameters for Super Ni-718 using Neutrosophic Sets and TOPSIS Method

Authors: Y Rameswara Reddy, B Chandra Mohan Reddy
Comments: 7 Pages.

The work presents optimization of process parameters in wire electrical discharge machining process. This paper presents the results of experimental work carried out in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining of Super Ni 718 super alloy. Experiments have been conducted using 8 process parameters such as Pulse on time, Spark gap, Wire feed, Wire tension, flushing pressure, servo speed and peak current at 3 levels for obtaining responses like surface finish, material removal rate and dimensional deviation. The optimal setting of parameters is determined through experiments planned, conducted and analyzed using Neutrosophic sets and TOPSIS method.
Category: General Mathematics

[373] viXra:1808.0479 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:45:26

Optimization of WEDM Parameters for SUPER Ni-718 Using GRA with Neutrosophic Sets

Authors: Y.Rameswara Reddy, B.Chandra Mohana Reddy
Comments: 7 Pages.

This paper presents a study that investigates the effect of the WEDM process parameters on the surface roughness, MRR and DD of the Super Ni 718 supper alloy. Twenty seven experimental runs based on an orthogonal array of Taguchi method are performed and grey relational analysis with SVNS for weightages is applied to determine an optimal WEDM parameter setting. Surface roughness, MRR and DD are selected as the quality targets. An optimal parameter combination of the WEDM process is obtained using Grey relational analysis with SVNS. By analyzing the Grey relational grade matrix, the degree of influence for each controllable process factor onto individual quality targets can be found and the ranks are obtained.
Category: General Mathematics

[372] viXra:1808.0478 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:47:00

基于证据聚类的水声目标识别算法研究

Authors: 张扬, 杨建华, 侯宏
Comments: 7 Pages.

摘 要:针对水声目标信号复杂、样本获取难度大且富含不确定信息的问题,研究了一种证据聚类识 别算法。首先在水声目标的各类训练样本中,根据特征距离大小选取待识别目标的K 近邻,并采用证 据近邻分类优化算法为各目标数据构造一组合理的初始基本置信指派。然后对算法的目标函数进行 循环迭代优化,计算出目标数据最终的全局基本置信指派。最后根据融合结果和所设立的分类规则 即可判断目标的类别属性。通过水声目标实测数据的实验,将新算法与其他几种常用的水声目标识 别算法进行了对比分析,结果表明其能有效提高识别准确率。
Category: General Mathematics

[371] viXra:1808.0476 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:50:15

Primes of the Form P

Authors: Maheswara Rao Valluri
Comments: 3 Pages.

A natural number is a prime if it has only factors of 1 and itself. There are, by Euclidean theorem (about 350BC) infinitely many primes.
Category: General Mathematics

[370] viXra:1808.0475 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:51:28

Q-Neutrosophic Soft Relation and Its Application in Decision Making

Authors: Majdoleen Abu Qamar, Nasruddin Hassan
Comments: 14 Pages.

Q-neutrosophic soft sets are essentially neutrosophic soft sets characterized by three independent two-dimensional membership functions which stand for uncertainty, indeterminacy and falsity. Thus, it can be applied to two-dimensional imprecise, indeterminate and inconsistent data which appear in most real life problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[369] viXra:1808.0474 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:52:44

Ranking the Problems of Women Entrepreneurs in India Using Vikor Method with Lonsm

Authors: Nivetha Martin, P.Pandiammal
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this present scenario the job market is getting detained due to growing competitions in almost all fields. The stratification of gender plays a significant role in getting employed. To overcome the condition of unemployment the state of entrepreneurship came into existence which paved way for the development of new paradigm of self employment. In the earlier days male entrepreneurs were predominant, but now the women folk have also stepped into it.
Category: General Mathematics

[368] viXra:1808.0473 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:53:31

Recent Neutrosophic Models for KRP Systems

Authors: Ali Amer Mohammed Saeed
Comments: 6 Pages.

Knowledge Representation and Processing (KRP) plays an important role in the development of expert systems as engines for accelerating the processes of economic and social life development.
Category: General Mathematics

[367] viXra:1808.0472 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:54:30

Refined Simplified Neutrosophic Similarity Measures Based on Trigonometric Function and Their Application in Construction Project Decision-Making

Authors: U. Solang, J. Ye
Comments: 12 Pages.

Refined simplified neutrosophic sets (RSNSs) are appropriately used in decision-making problems with sub-attributes considering their truth components, indeterminacy components and falsity components independently.
Category: General Mathematics

[366] viXra:1808.0471 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:55:55

Research on Construction Engineering Project Risk Assessment with Some 2-Tuple Linguistic Neutrosophic Hamy Mean Operators

Authors: Shengjun Wu, Jie Wang, Guiwu Wei, Yu Wei
Comments: 26 Pages.

In this paper, we expand the Hamy mean (HM) operator, weighted Hamy mean (WHM), dual Hamy mean (DHM) operator, and weighted dual Hamy mean (WDHM) operator with 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers (2TLNNs) to propose a 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic Hamy mean (2TLNHM) operator, 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic weighted Hamy mean (2TLNWHM) operator, 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic dual Hamy mean (2TLNDHM) operator, and 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic weighted dual Hamy mean (2TLNWDHM) operator. Then, the multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) methods are proposed with these operators. Finally, we utilize an applicable example in risk assessment for construction engineering projects to prove the proposed methods.
Category: General Mathematics

[365] viXra:1808.0469 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:56:27

Light Momentum Understanding

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

New research from UBC's Okanagan campus, recently published in Nature Communications, may have uncovered the key to one of the darkest secrets of light. [28] But an international group led by Prof. Beena Kalisky and Prof. Aviad Frydman, from the Department of Physics and the Institute for Nanotechnology at Bar-Ilan University in Israel, has succeeded in imaging quantum fluctuations for the first time. [27] To tame chaos in powerful semiconductor lasers, which causes instabilities, scientists have introduced another kind of chaos. [26]
Category: Quantum Physics

[364] viXra:1808.0468 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 02:59:05

Robot Evaluation and Selection with Entropy-Based Combination Weighting and Cloud TODIM Approach

Authors: Jing-JingWang, Zhong-Hua Miao, Feng-Bao Cui, Hu-Chen Liu
Comments: 18 Pages.

Nowadays robots have been commonly adopted in various manufacturing industries to improve product quality and productivity. The selection of the best robot to suit a specific production setting is a difficult decision making task for manufacturers because of the increase in complexity and number of robot systems.
Category: General Mathematics

[363] viXra:1808.0467 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 03:00:45

S- Anti Fuzzy M-Semigroup

Authors: Farhan Dakhil Shyaa
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, we define the concept of a smarandache anti fuzzy M-semigroup (S-Anti Fuzzy M-Semigroup) and some elementary properties about this concept are discussed.
Category: General Mathematics

[362] viXra:1808.0466 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 03:30:10

Introgression from Gorilla Caused the Human-Chimpanzee Split

Authors: Johan Nygren
Comments: 4 Pages.

ABSTRACT: The Gorilla Genome Project (Scally, 2012) showed that 30% of the gorilla genome introgressed into the ancestor of humans and chimpanzees, and that the two species diverged through lineage sorting with 15% ending up in Pan and another 15% in Homo. That introgression is the Pan-Homo split, hybridization, which led to speciation as the new hybrid lineages became reproductively isolated from one another.

The NUMT on chromosome 5 fits perfectly with the introgression speciation model, it was formed from mtDNA that had diverged as much as ~4.5 Myr at the time of introgression, perfect fit with the Gorilla/Pan-Homo split, and the mtDNA fragments that formed it were inserted at the time of the Homo/Pan split, and ended up in both the Gorilla, Pan and Homo lineages around the same time period, 6 million years ago. (Popadin, 2017)


Category: Quantitative Biology

[361] viXra:1808.0465 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 03:42:13

Scientific Inquiry and Review

Authors: Muhammad Azhar Iqbal, Ehsan Ellahi Khawaja
Comments: 61 Pages.

Scientific Inquiry and Review publishes articles in the fields of mathematics, biology, chemistry, physics and other miscellaneous areas of pure and applied sciences. Manuscripts are categorized into broader areas of pure and applied sciences and may be published as full length articles, short communications/letters, review articles, letter to editor etc. Contributors are encouraged to contact directly to the Chief Editor or editorial team to avoid any conflict about forthcoming publications.
Category: General Mathematics

[360] viXra:1808.0462 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 03:45:39

Simulation Modelling in Training Future Teachers of Mathematics

Authors: Andrey Kostin, Natalya Kostina, Aleksandr Minkin, Ellina Anisimova
Comments: 7 Pages.

Issues of simulation modeling are currently being given more and more attention in training specialists from different fields. In particular, in pedagogical universities it can be actively used during classes in teaching methods of various subjects. Simulation modeling involves the replacement of a real process by its model, reflecting the most significant characteristics of a real process from the point of view of the goals set.
Category: General Mathematics

[359] viXra:1808.0461 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 03:53:24

Controlling Neurons with Light

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 68 Pages.

Through the emerging field of optogenetics, a technology that allows genetically modified neurons in living tissue to be precisely controlled by means of light, scientists are attempting to gain a better understanding of how the brain works in hopes of discovering cures for debilitating neural disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and Alzheimer's disease. [40] All these applications would benefit from the creation of more flexible digital X-ray detectors. [39] In a recent study featured on the March 2018 cover of Nature Photonics, researchers developed a new holographic method called in-flight holography. With this method, they were able to demonstrate the first X-ray holograms of nano-sized viruses that were not attached to any surface. [38] A paper published in the journal Physical Review X presents evidence of a radiation reaction occurring when a high-intensity laser pulse collides with a high-energy electron beam. [37] Researchers from Würzburg and London have succeeded in controlling the coupling of light and matter at room temperature. [36] Researchers have, for the first time, integrated two technologies widely used in applications such as optical communications, bio-imaging and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems that scan the surroundings of self-driving cars and trucks. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31]
Category: Physics of Biology

[358] viXra:1808.0460 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:09:47

Electrical Discharges on Small Scales

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

Innovations in microscale electronics, medicine, combustion and scores of other technologies depend on understanding and predicting the behavior of electricity on the smallest of length scales. [29] New research from UBC's Okanagan campus, recently published in Nature Communications, may have uncovered the key to one of the darkest secrets of light. [28] But an international group led by Prof. Beena Kalisky and Prof. Aviad Frydman, from the Department of Physics and the Institute for Nanotechnology at Bar-Ilan University in Israel, has succeeded in imaging quantum fluctuations for the first time. [27] To tame chaos in powerful semiconductor lasers, which causes instabilities, scientists have introduced another kind of chaos. [26] An international team of scientists developed the world's first anti-laser for a nonlinear Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19]
Category: Condensed Matter

[357] viXra:1808.0459 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:18:37

Sine Logarithmic Distance of Neutrosophic Refined Sets in Medical Diagnosis

Authors: Edward Samuel.A, Narmadhagnanam r.
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, sine logarithmic distance among neutrosophic refined sets is proposed and some of its properties are discussed herein. The concept of the above method is an essential tool for dealing with uncertainties and shortcomings that affect the existing methods. Implementation of medical diagnosis is presented to find out the disease impacting the patient.
Category: General Mathematics

[356] viXra:1808.0458 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:19:44

Single-Objective Linear Goal Programming Problem with Neutrosophic Numbers

Authors: Durga Banerjee, Surapati Pramanik
Comments: 16 Pages.

This paper deals with single-objective linear goal programming problem with neutrosophic numbers. The coefficients of objective function and the constraints are considered as neutrosophic numbers of the form (p +qI), where p, q are real numbers and I denotes indeterminacy. In the solution process, the neutrosophic numbers are transformed into interval numbers.
Category: General Mathematics

[355] viXra:1808.0457 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:21:19

Single Valued Neutrosophic Clustering Algorithm Based on Tsallis Entropy Maximization

Authors: Qiaoyan Li, Yingcang Ma, Shuangwu Zhu
Comments: 12 Pages.

Data clustering is an important field in pattern recognition and machine learning. Fuzzy c-means is considered as a useful tool in data clustering. Neutrosophic set, which is extension of fuzzy set, has received extensive attention in solving many real life problems of uncertainty, inaccuracy, incompleteness, inconsistency and uncertainty.
Category: General Mathematics

[354] viXra:1808.0456 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:22:28

Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hypergraphs

Authors: Muhammad Akram, Sundas Shahzadi, A.borumand Saeid
Comments: 14 Pages.

We introduce certain concepts, including single-valued neutrosophic hypergraph, line graph of single-valued neutrosophic hypergraph, dual single-valued neutrosophic hypergraph and transversal single-valued neutrosophic hypergraph.
Category: General Mathematics

[353] viXra:1808.0454 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:24:44

Single Valued Neutrosophic Number Valued Generalized Neutrosophic Triplet Groups and Its Applications for Decision Making Applications

Authors: Orhan EcemiŞ, Memet Şahin, Abdullah Kargin
Comments: 14 Pages.

Neutrosophy is a branch of philosophy. Neutrosophy is based on neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability and neutrosophic set. Neutrosophic triplet theory is new structure in neutrosophic set theory. In this study; we introduced notion of generalized neutrosophic triplet group. We defined contrary element for generalized neutrosophic triplet group.
Category: General Mathematics

[352] viXra:1808.0453 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:26:36

Single Valued Neutrosophic Relations

Authors: J. H. Kim, P. K. Lim, J. G. Lee, K. Hur
Comments: 21 Pages.

We introduce the concept of a single valued neutrosophic reFLexive, symmetric and transitive relation. And we study single valued neutrosophic analogues of many results concerning relationships between ordinary reflexive, symmetric and transitive relations. Next, we dene the concepts of a single valued neutrosophic equivalence class and a single valued neutrosophic partition, and we prove that the set of all single valued neutrosophic equivalence classes is a single valued neutrosophic partition and the single valued neutrosophic equivalence relation is induced by a single valued neutrosophic partition.
Category: General Mathematics

[351] viXra:1808.0452 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:27:23

Smarandache Curves of Null Quaternionic Curves in Minkowski 3-space

Authors: Tanju Kahraman
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this paper, we define Smarandache curves of null quaternionic curves in the semi-Euclidean space 31E and obtaine that curvatures of null quaternionic curves have some relations for Smarandache curves
Category: General Mathematics

[350] viXra:1808.0450 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:30:15

Some Interval Neutrosophic Linguistic Maclaurin Symmetric Mean Operators and Their Application in Multiple Attribute Decision Making

Authors: Yushui Geng, Xingang Wang, Xuemei Li, Kun Yu, Peide Liu
Comments: 23 Pages.

There are many practical decision-making problems in people’s lives, but the information given by decision makers (DMs) is often unclear and how to describe this information is of critical importance.
Category: General Mathematics

[349] viXra:1808.0449 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:31:18

Some Linguistic Neutrosophic Hamy Mean Operators and Their Application to Multiattribute Group Decision Making

Authors: Peide Liu, Xinli You
Comments: 26 Pages.

Linguistic neutrosophic numbers (LNNs) can easily describe the incomplete and indeterminate information by the truth, indeterminacy, and falsity linguistic variables (LVs), and the Hamy mean (HM) operator is a good tool to deal with multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems because it can capture the interrelationship among the multi-input arguments.
Category: General Mathematics

[348] viXra:1808.0448 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:32:10

Some Results on Single Valued Neutrosophic bi-Magic Graphs

Authors: V. Krishnaraj, R. Vikramaprasad
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of Bi-Magic labeling in single valued neutrosophic graphs. We investigate some properties of single valued neutrosophic bi-magic labeling on path, cycle and star graphs.
Category: General Mathematics

[347] viXra:1808.0447 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:33:12

Some Results on the Comaximal Ideal Graph of a Commutative Ring

Authors: Subramanian Visweswaran, Jaydeep Parejiya
Comments: 15 Pages.

The rings considered in this article are commutative with identity which admit at least two maximal ideals. Let R be a ring such that R admits at least two maximal ideals.
Category: General Mathematics

[346] viXra:1808.0446 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:34:19

Special Smarandache Curves with Respect to Darboux Frame in Galilean 3-Space

Authors: Tevk Sahin, Merve Okur
Comments: 15 Pages.

In the present paper, we investigate special Smarandache curves with Darboux apparatus with respect to Frenet and Darboux frame of an arbitrary curve on a surface in the three-dimensional Galilean space G3.
Category: General Mathematics

[345] viXra:1808.0444 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:36:20

Study of Decision Framework of Shopping Mall Photovoltaic Plan Selection Based on DEMATEL and ELECTRE III with Symmetry under Neutrosophic Set Environment

Authors: Jiangbo Feng, Min Li, Yansong Li
Comments: 21 Pages.

Rooftop distributed photovoltaic projects have been quickly proposed in China because of policy promotion. Before, the rooftops of the shopping mall had not been occupied, and it was urged to have a decision-making framework to select suitable shopping mall photovoltaic plans.
Category: General Mathematics

[344] viXra:1808.0443 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:37:27

Surfaces Family with a Common Mannheim Geodesic Curve

Authors: Gülnur ŞAFFAK ATALAY
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this paper, we analyzed surfaces family possessing a Mannheim partner curve of a given curve as a geodesic. Using the Frenet frame of the curve in Euclidean 3-space, we express the family of surfaces as a linear combination of the components of this frame and derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for coefficients to satisfy both the geodesic and isoparametric requirements. The extension to ruled surfaces is also outlined. Finally, examples are given to show the family of surfaces with common Mannheim geodesic curve.
Category: General Mathematics

[343] viXra:1808.0442 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 04:58:08

Symmetry Measures of Simplified Neutrosophic Sets for Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Problems

Authors: Angyan Tu, Jun Ye, Bing Wang
Comments: 10 Pages.

A simplified neutrosophic set (containing interval and single-valued neutrosophic sets) can be used for the expression and application in indeterminate decision-making problems because three elements in the simplified neutrosophic set (including interval and single valued neutrosophic sets)are characterized by its truth, falsity, and indeterminacy degrees.
Category: General Mathematics

[342] viXra:1808.0439 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:06:57

The Cosine Measure of Single-Valued Neutrosophic Multisets for Multiple Attribute Decision-Making

Authors: Changxing Fanhangxing, En Fan, Jun Ye
Comments: 12 Pages.

Based on the multiplicity evaluation in some real situations, this paper firstly introduces a single-valued neutrosophic multiset (SVNM) as a subclass of neutrosophic multiset (NM) to express the multiplicity information and the operational relations of SVNMs.
Category: General Mathematics

[341] viXra:1808.0438 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:07:54

The Transfer of Management Knowledge to China: Building Learning Communities Rather Than Translating Western Textbooks?

Authors: Sue Newell
Comments: 11 Pages.

The People's Republic of China (PRC) is home to 25 per cent of the world's population.
Category: General Mathematics

[340] viXra:1808.0436 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:10:25

TOPSIS Approach Using Interval Neutrosophic Sets for Personnel Selection

Authors: Vu Dung, Luong Thu Thuy, Pham Quynh Mai, Nguyen Van Dan, Nguyen Thi Mai Lan
Comments: 8 Pages.

Personnel selection is one of the most critical strategies for companies to enhance the input quality of human resource their competitive strength in knowledge economy environment. Interval neutrosophic set (INS) is an adequate way for modeling uncertainty in decision making problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[339] viXra:1808.0435 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:11:20

Transportation Cost Optimization of an Online Business Applying Vogel’s Approximation Method

Authors: Debapriya Banik, Zahid Hasan
Comments: 12 Pages.

Red Tech. BD, an online based business company intended to spread their business over whole Rajshahi District. As there is no cost for manufacturing the only factor that can maximize the profit is the product transportation cost. Determination of the optimum & reliable transportation medium was the first challenge.
Category: General Mathematics

[338] viXra:1808.0434 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:12:23

Two Decision Makers’ Single Decision over a Back Order EOQ Model with Dense Fuzzy Demand Rate

Authors: SumanMaity, Sujit Kumar De, Madhumangal Pal
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this article we develop an economic order quantity (EOQ) model with backlogging where the decision is made jointly from two decision maker supposed to view one of them as the industrialist (developer) and the other one as the responsible manager.
Category: General Mathematics

[337] viXra:1808.0433 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:13:57

Use of Γ(Gamma)- Soft set in Application of Decision Making Problem

Authors: T. Srinivasa Rao, B. Srinivasa Kumar, S. Hanumanth Rao
Comments: 8 Pages.

Molodtsov ‘s soft settheory has been considered an effecient Mathematical tool is conduct along uncertainties. In our regular life, we frequently facing some real problems which need right decision making to get the best solution for these problems. Therefore, it is necessary to consider various parameters related to the best solution. In this paper, we applied Γ(Gamma)-Soft set theory in decision making problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[336] viXra:1808.0432 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-22 05:15:20

Using Single Valued Neutrosophic Set to Select Tourism Development Strategies in Eastern Serbia

Authors: Snežana Urošević, Dragiša Stanujkić, Darjan Karabašević, Pavle Brzaković
Comments: 17 Pages.

Natural beauties of Eastern Serbia combined with the culture, traditions, food specialties and music, can become a recognizable tourism brand, which could improve the image of this part of Serbia, and that is the reason why Eastern Serbia has been recently discovering its potential for tourism development.
Category: General Mathematics

[335] viXra:1808.0431 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 06:56:32

Extension Principle Based on Neutrosophic Multi-Fuzzy Sets and Algebraic Operations

Authors: Mehmet Şahin, Irfan Deli, Vakkas Ulusay
Comments: 22 Pages.

In this paper, we first proposed the extension principles of neutrosophic multi-sets and cut sets which are a bridge between neutrosophic multi-sets and crisp sets. Then the representation theorem of neutrosophic multi-sets based on cut sets are studied. Finally, the addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations over neutrosophic multi-sets are defined based on the extension principle.
Category: General Mathematics

[334] viXra:1808.0430 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 06:57:56

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Considering Consensus and Preferences Interdependence

Authors: Jianghong Zhu, Rui Wang, Yanlai Li
Comments: 24 Pages.

Failure mode and effects analysis is an effective and powerful risk evaluation technique in the field of risk management, and it has been extensively used in various industries for identifying and decreasing known and potential failure modes in systems, processes, products, and services. Traditionally, a risk priority number is applied to capture the ranking order of failure modes in failure mode and effects analysis.
Category: General Mathematics

[333] viXra:1808.0429 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 06:58:59

Fault Diagnosis Method for a Mine Hoist in the Internet of Things Environment

Authors: Juanli Li, Jiacheng Xie, Zhaojian Yang, Junjie Li
Comments: 16 Pages.

To reduce the difficulty of acquiring and transmitting data in mining hoist fault diagnosis systems and to mitigate the low efficiency and unreasonable reasoning process problems, a fault diagnosis method for mine hoisting equipment based on the Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed in this study.
Category: General Mathematics

[332] viXra:1808.0428 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:00:10

Fixed Point Theorem for Neutrosophic Triplet Partial Metric Space

Authors: Memet Şahin, Abdullah Kargın, Mehmet Ali Çoban
Comments: 7 Pages.

Neutrosphic triplet is a new theory in neutrosophy. In a neutrosophic triplet set, there is a neutral element and antielement for each element. In this study, the concept of neutrosophic triplet partial metric space (NTPMS) is given and the properties of NTPMS are studied.
Category: General Mathematics

[331] viXra:1808.0427 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:00:57

Forest Fire Detection using Proportional Conflict Redistribution Rule2

Authors: P. Sudha, A. Murugan
Comments: 7 Pages.

The objective of this paper is to detect fire in the forest where some plants and trees are prone to fire very easily. The detection of forest fire preserves economic and environmental wealth of forest and defends human life.
Category: General Mathematics

[330] viXra:1808.0425 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:03:15

Fully-Automated Segmentation of Fluid/Cyst Regions in Optical Coherence Tomography Images with Diabetic Macular Edema using Neutrosophic Sets and Graph Algorithms

Authors: Abdolreza Rashno, Dara D. Koozekanani, Paul M. Drayna, BehzadNazari, Saeed Sadri, Hossein Rabbani, Keshab K. Parhi
Comments: Pages.

This paper presents a fully-automated algorithm to segment fluid-associated (fluid-filled) and cyst regions in optical coherence tomography (OCT) retina images of subjects with diabetic macular edema (DME).
Category: General Mathematics

[329] viXra:1808.0423 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:05:54

Fusion of Identification Information from Elint-Esm Sensors

Authors: Tadeusz Pietkiewicz, Bronisław Wajszczyk
Comments: 13 Pages.

This paper presents a method of fusion of identification (attribute) information provided by ELINT – ESM sensors (Electronic Intelligence – Electronic Support Measures). In the first section the basic taxonomy of attribute identification in accordance with the standards of STANAG 1241 ed. 5 and STANAG 1241 ed. 6 (draft) is adopted. These standards provide the following basic values of the attributes of identification: FRIEND, HOSTILE, NEUTRAL, UNKNOWN and additional values: ASSUMED FRIEND and SUSPECT. The last values can be interpreted as a conjunction of basic values.
Category: General Mathematics

[328] viXra:1808.0421 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:09:16

Generalization of Fuzzy C-Means Based on Neutrosophic Logic

Authors: Aboul Ella HASSANIEN, Sameh H. BASHA, Areeg S. ABDALLA
Comments: 43 Pages.

This article presents a New Neutrosophic C-Means (NNCMs) method for clustering. It uses the neutrosophic logic (NL), to generalize the Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering system. The NNCMs system assigns objects to clusters using three degrees of membership: a degree of truth, a degree of indeterminacy, and a degree of falsity, rather than only the truth degree used in the FCM.
Category: General Mathematics

[327] viXra:1808.0419 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:11:38

Generalized Interval Neutrosophic Choquet Aggregation Operators and Their Applications

Authors: Xin Li, Xiaohong Zhang, Choonkil Park
Comments: 17 Pages.

The interval neutrosophic set (INS) is a subclass of the neutrosophic set (NS) and a generalization of the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVIFS), which can be used in real engineering and scientific applications.
Category: General Mathematics

[326] viXra:1808.0417 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:13:56

GNRCS: Hybrid Classification System based on Neutrosophic Logic and Genetic Algorithm

Authors: Sameh H. Basha, Areeg S. Abdalla, Aboul Ella Hassanien
Comments: 6 Pages.

In this paper, we present a hybrid intelligent system based on Neutrosophic Logic (NL). In conjunction with Genetic Algorithm(GA) for classification. The neutrosophic logic is adapted for representing different forms of knowledge. GA is used to refine the generated neutrosophic rules.
Category: General Mathematics

[325] viXra:1808.0415 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:15:12

The Bone Regenerative Effects of the Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 in Human Bone Osteosarcoma Cells (MG-63)

Authors: James Jeffery Peoples, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 9 Pages.

The current research work was presented to evaluate impact of Biofield Energy Treated vitamin D3 and DMEM on bone health in human bone osteosarcoma cells (MG-63). The Test Items (TI), were distributed into two parts. One part of each sample was received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by James Jeffery Peoples and labeled as Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while other parts of each sample were denoted as Untreated Test Items (UT). Test samples were found as safe in tested concentrations by MTT assay. ALP was significantly increased by 54.43% and 111.24% at 10 and 100 µg/mL, respectively in BT-DMEM + UT-TI than UT-DMEM + UT-TI. Moreover, ALP was significantly elevated by 128.14%, 77.84%, and 62.28% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI, BT-DMEM + UT-TI, and BT-DMEM + BT-TI, respectively at 1 µg/mL compared to untreated. Collagen was significantly increased by 286.67% and 340% in BT-DMEM + UT-TI and BT-DMEM + BT-TI, respectively at 0.1 µg/mL, while increased by 134.08% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI at 10 µg/mL than untreated. Besides, percent of bone mineralization was remarkably increased by 140.94%, 113.72%, and 129.87% at 1 µg/mL in UT-DMEM + BT-TI, BT-DMEM + UT-TI, and BT-DMEM + BT-TI, respectively, while increased by 187.91% in BT-DMEM + UT-TI at 0.1 µg/mL than untreated. Altogether, Biofield Treated vitamin D3 was significantly improved the bone growth and it could be able to fight against various bone-related disorders (osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget’s disease, rickets, osteomalacia), autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[324] viXra:1808.0414 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:15:54

Hesitant Neutrosophic Linguistic Sets and Their Application in Multiple Attribute Decision Making

Authors: Yongfeng Pang, Wei Yang
Comments: 20 Pages.

In this paper, the hesitant neutrosophic linguistic set is first defined by extending a hesitant fuzzy set to accommodate linguistic terms and neutrosophic fuzzy values. Some operational laws are defined for hesitant neutrosophic linguistic fuzzy information.
Category: General Mathematics

[323] viXra:1808.0413 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:15:44

Improved Structure and Development of Bone using Biofield Energy Enriched Vitamin D3 in Human Bone Osteosarcoma Cells (MG-63)

Authors: Maria Isabel A Tiraboschi, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 8 Pages.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Consciousness Energy Healing based vitamin D3 and DMEM medium on various bone health parameters in MG-63 cells such as alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) activity, collagen levels and bone mineralization. The test items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM medium were divided into two parts. Both the samples received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Maria Isabel Aguilar Tiraboschi and samples were defined as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were denoted as the untreated test items (UT). Cell viability using MTT assay showed that cell viability was more than 70% with safe and nontoxic profile on MG-63 cell line. The level of ALP was significantly increased by 191.7% (0.1µg/mL), 127.8% (at 1µg/mL), and 136.1% (at 10µg/mL) in BT-DMEM+UT-TI, BT-DMEM+BT-TI, and UT-DMEM+BT-TI groups respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. Collagen level was significantly increased by 267.9%, 128.9%, and 91.8% at 1, 10, and 50µg/mL, respectively in UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 169.6% at 1µg/mL in BT-DMEM+UT-TI group respectively as compared with the untreated group. Besides, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed an increased collagen value by 155.4% and 100% at 1 and 10 µg/mL respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. The percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 139.8%, 91%, and 44.7% at 0.1, 10, and 100 µg/mL, respectively in UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 126.7%, 79.3%, and 67.5% at 0.1, 10, and 100 µg/mL, respectively in BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased bone mineralization by 31.3%, 33.2%, and 152.5% at 0.1, 10, and 100µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated group. Overall, the experimental data suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated vitamin D3 and DMEM would play an important role in the promotion and maintenance of strong and healthy bones, which improve quality of life. Biofield Energy Treatment might be vital in maintaining the various clinical safety and quality of life by assisting them in maintaining optimal vitamin D levels. It regulates the osteoblast function, improves bone mineralization, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disorders along with wide range of adverse health conditions, comprising cancer and certain autoimmune diseases.
Category: Biochemistry

[322] viXra:1808.0412 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:17:05

Hesitant Probabilistic Fuzzy Linguistic Sets with Applications in Multi-Criteria Group Decision Making Problems

Authors: Dheeraj Kumar Joshi, Ismat Beg, Sanjay Kumar
Comments: 20 Pages.

Uncertainties due to randomness and fuzziness comprehensively exist in control and decision support systems. In the present study, we introduce notion of occurring probability of possible values into hesitant fuzzy linguistic element (HFLE) and define hesitant probabilistic fuzzy linguistic set (HPFLS) for ill structured and complex decision making problem.
Category: General Mathematics

[321] viXra:1808.0411 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:17:59

Improved Symmetry Measures of Simplified Neutrosophic Sets and Their Decision-Making Method Based on a Sine Entropy Weight Model

Authors: Wenhua Cui, Jun Ye
Comments: 12 Pages.

This work indicates the insufficiency of existing symmetry measures (SMs) between asymmetry measures of simplified neutrosophic sets (SNSs) and proposes the improved normalized SMs of SNSs, including the improved SMs and weighted SMs in single-valued and interval neutrosophic settings.
Category: General Mathematics

[320] viXra:1808.0410 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:18:46

Incidence of the Neutrosphy and Popular Elements in the Sculptural Works of Romanian Constantin Brâncusi

Authors: Mihaela-Gabriela Păun
Comments: 19 Pages.

The study is an application in the esthetic field of the neutrosophic theory of Florentin Smarandache.
Category: General Mathematics

[319] viXra:1808.0409 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:19:43

Inconsistent Data Using Neutrosophic Logic to Disease Diagnosis for Prevention

Authors: Soumitra De, Jaydev Mishra
Comments: 5 Pages.

I have introduced a new approach for treatment of human disease using Neutrosophic logic and data. Any neutrosophic data is based on indeterminacy membership along with truth and false membership values which is not available in other fuzzy and vague data. I have focused to solve the real problem of a patient whether suffering from blood cancer or not through the different laboratory report with neutrosophic data and applying same medicine on different patient.
Category: General Mathematics

[318] viXra:1808.0408 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:20:27

Intellectual Multi-Level System for Neuro-Fuzzy and Cognitive Analysis and Forecast of Scientific-Technological and Innovative Development

Authors: Sergey Gorbachev
Comments: 9 Pages.

The article is devoted to description of structure and operation algorithms of a multilevel intellectual system for analysis and forecast of scientific-technological and innovative development of objects and territories based on expert methods, trainable models of fuzzy logic and fuzzy cognitive analysis. The article analyses distinctions and advantages of the system in making forecast evaluation and scenarios of the dynamics of multidimensional feature objects and processes. The authors have built a neutrosophic cognitive map for interaction of technologies based on the results of foresight studies.
Category: General Mathematics

[317] viXra:1808.0407 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:21:28

Interval Neutrosophic Sets and Topology

Authors: Francisco Gallego Lupiáñez
Comments: 6 Pages.

In 2005, Smarandache generalized the Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) to neutrosophic sets (NS), and other researchers introduced the notion of interval neutrosophic set (INSs),which is an instance of NS, and studied various properties. The notion of neutrosophic topology on the non-standard interval is also due to Smarandache. The purpose of this paper is to study relations between INSs and topology.
Category: General Mathematics

[316] viXra:1808.0406 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:23:06

Interval Valued Neutrosophic Graphs

Authors: Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 8 Pages.

The notion of interval valued neutrosophic sets is a generalization of fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, interval valued fuzzy sets, interval valued intuitionstic fuzzy sets and single valued neutrosophic sets. We apply for the first time the concept of interval valued neutrosophic sets, an instance of neutrosophic sets, to graph theory. We introduce certain types of interval valued neutrosophc graphs (IVNG) and investigate some of their properties with proofs and examples.
Category: General Mathematics

[315] viXra:1808.0405 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:24:18

Las Habilidades Del Marketing Como Determinantes Que Sustentaran la Competitividad de la Industria Del Arroz en el Cantón Yaguachi

Authors: Cristhian Fabián MENÉNDEZ DELGADO, Pablo José MENÉNDEZ VERA, Nory Analidhia PINELA MORAN
Comments: 13 Pages.

En Ecuador, específicamente en el Cantón de Yaguachi, hay un enorme potencial en la producción de arroz, que desafortunadamente no está siendo bien utilizada y dirigida por estrategias de mercado. En este trabajo se desarrollaron estrategias de mercadeo que ayudan a sostener la actividad comercial del arroz en Yaguachi Cantón y sus alrededores. Las estrategias propuestas fueron analizadas y priorizadas usando SVN y distancia euclidiana para el tratamiento de las neutralidades. El trabajo termina con la conclusión y futura propuesta de trabajo para la aplicación de la neutrosofía a nuevas áreas de comercialización.
Category: General Mathematics

[314] viXra:1808.0403 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:33:25

Linguistic Neutrosophic Generalized Partitioned Bonferroni Mean Operators and Their Application to Multi-Attribute Group Decision Making

Authors: YumeiWang, Peide Liu
Comments: 35 Pages.

To solve the problems related to inhomogeneous connections among the attributes, we introduce a novel multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) method based on the introduced linguistic neutrosophic generalized weighted partitioned Bonferroni mean operator (LNGWPBM) for linguistic neutrosophic numbers (LNNs).
Category: General Mathematics

[313] viXra:1808.0402 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:34:23

Mapping on Complex Neutrosophic Soft Expert Sets

Authors: Ashraf Al-Quran, Nasruddin Hassan
Comments: 11 Pages.

We introduce the mapping on complex neutrosophic soft expert sets. Further, we investigated the basic operations and other related properties of complex neutrosophic soft expert image and complex neutrosophic soft expert inverse image of complex neutrosophic soft expert sets.
Category: General Mathematics

[312] viXra:1808.0401 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:35:29

Medical Diagnosis Based on Single-Valued Neutrosophic Probabilistic Rough Multisets over Two Universes

Authors: Chao Zhang, Deyu Li, Said Broumi, Arun Kumar Sangaiah
Comments: 16 Pages.

In real-world diagnostic procedures, due to the limitation of human cognitive competence, a medical expert may not conveniently use some crisp numbers to express the diagnostic information,and plenty of research has indicated that generalized fuzzy numbers play a significant role in describing complex diagnostic information.
Category: General Mathematics

[311] viXra:1808.0400 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:36:36

Medical Tourism Destinations Prioritization using Group Decision Making Method with Neutrosophic Fuzzy Preference Relations

Authors: Yan Yang, Junhua Hu, Ruixiao Sun, Xiaohong Chen
Comments: 41 Pages.

Medical tourism has developed rapidly worldwide, especially in Asia, and one of the most important problems facing the patient-tourists is the selection of the optimum destination. In this paper, we present a novel multiple criteria group decision making (MCGDM) methodology to evaluate and rank the medical tourism destinations vague based on vague information.
Category: General Mathematics

[310] viXra:1808.0399 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:39:37

Methods and Systems for Performing Segmentation and Registration of Images Using Neutrosophc Smilarity Scores

Authors: Yanhui Guo
Comments: 17 Pages.

A medical imaging system includes an imaging device configured to scan a region of interest to acquire at least one of afirst image including a first plurality of pixels and a secondimage including a second plurality of pixels, a processing unit configured to receive the first and second images, calculate respective first neutrosophic similarity scores for each of thefirst plurality of pixels of the first image, calculate respective second neutrosophic similarity scores for each of the second plurality of pixels of the second image, perform a template matching algorithm based on differences between the respective first and second neutrosophic similarity scores for each of the first and second plurality, respectively, to determine one or more registration parameters, and register the first and second images using the one or more registration parameters, and a display output configured to allow the registered first and second images to be displayed.
Category: General Mathematics

[309] viXra:1808.0398 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:40:34

M-N Anti Fuzzy Normal Soft Groups

Authors: M. Kaliraja, S. Rumenaka
Comments: 8 Pages.

In this paper, we have discussed the concept of M-N anti fuzzy normal soft group, we then dene the M-N anti level subsets of a normal fuzzy soft subgroup and its some elementary properties are also discussed.
Category: General Mathematics

[308] viXra:1808.0397 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:42:10

Models for Green Supplier Selection with Some 2-Tuple Linguistic Neutrosophic Number Bonferroni Mean Operators

Authors: JieWang, Guiwu Wei, YuWei
Comments: 36 Pages.

In this paper, we extend the Bonferroni mean (BM) operator, generalized Bonferroni mean (GBM) operator, dual generalized Bonferroni mean (DGBM) operator and dual generalized geometric Bonferroni mean (DGGBM) operator with 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers (2TLNNs) to propose 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers weighted Bonferroni mean (2TLNNWBM) operator, 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers weighted geometric Bonferroni mean (2TLNNWGBM) operator, generalized 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers weighted Bonferroni mean (G2TLNNWBM) operator, generalized 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers weighted geometric Bonferroni mean (G2TL NNWGBM) operator, dual generalized 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers weighted Bonferroni mean (DG2TLNNWBM) operator, and dual generalized 2-tuple linguistic neutrosophic numbers weighted geometric Bonferroni mean (DG2TLNNWGBM) operator.
Category: General Mathematics

[307] viXra:1808.0395 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:45:00

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method Based on Prioritized Muirhead Mean Aggregation Operator under Neutrosophic Set Environment

Authors: Harish Garg, Nancy
Comments: 25 Pages.

The aim of this paper is to introduce some new operators for aggregating single-valued neutrosophic (SVN) information and to apply them to solve the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[306] viXra:1808.0394 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:45:52

Multicriteria Decision Making Based on Generalized Maclaurin Symmetric Means with Multi-Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic Information

Authors: Peide Liu, Hui Gao
Comments: 25 Pages.

In multicriteria decision making (MCDM), multi-hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (MHFLTSs) can eliminate the limitations of hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs) and hesitant fuzzy linguistic sets (HFLSs), and emphasize the importance of a repeated linguistic term (LT). Meanwhile, there is usually an interrelation between criteria.
Category: General Mathematics

[305] viXra:1808.0393 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:46:49

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method Based on Simplified Neutrosophic Linguistic Information with Cloud Model

Authors: Jian-QiangWang, Chu-Quan Tian, Xu Zhang, Hong-Yu Zhang, Tie-Li Wang
Comments: 23 Pages.

This study introduces simplified neutrosophic linguistic numbers (SNLNs) to describe online consumer reviews in an appropriate manner. Considering the defects of studies on SNLNs in handling linguistic information, the cloud model is used to convert linguistic terms in SNLNs to three numerical characteristics.
Category: General Mathematics

[304] viXra:1808.0392 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:48:33

Multi-Criteria Decision Making Method Based on Similarity Measures Under Single-Valued Neutrosophic Re¯ned and Interval Neutrosophic Re¯ned Environments

Authors: Faruk Karaaslan
Comments: 21 Pages.

In this paper, we propose three similarity measure methods for single-valued neutrosophic refined sets and interval neutrosophic re¯ned sets based on Jaccard, Dice and Cosine similarity measures of single-valued neutrosophic sets and interval neutrosophic sets. Furthermore, we suggest two multi-criteria decision making methods under single-valued neutrosophic refined environment and interval neutrosophic refined environment, and give applications of proposed multi-criteria decision making methods. Finally we suggest a consistency analysis method for proposed similarity measures between interval neutrosophic refined sets and give an application to demonstrate process of the method.
Category: General Mathematics

[303] viXra:1808.0391 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:49:42

Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Method Using Similarity Measures of Neutrosophic Cubic Sets

Authors: Angyan Tu, Jun Ye, Bing Wang
Comments: 11 Pages.

In inconsistent and indeterminate settings, as a usual tool, the neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) containing single-valued neutrosophic numbers and interval neutrosophic numbers can be applied in decision-making to present its partial indeterminate and partial determinate information.
Category: General Mathematics

[302] viXra:1808.0389 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:57:25

Multi-valued Neutrosophic Sets and Power Aggregation Operators with Their Applications in Multi-criteria Group Decision-making Problems

Authors: Juan-juan Peng, Jian-qiang Wang, Xiao-hui Wu, Jing Wang, Xiao-hong Chen
Comments: 19 Pages.

In recent years, hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) and neutrosophic sets (NSs) have become a subject of great interest for researchers and have been widely applied to multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problems. In this paper, multi-valued neutrosophic sets (MVNSs) are introduced, which allow the truth-membership, indeterminacy membership and falsity-membership degree have a set of crisp values between zero and one, espectively.
Category: General Mathematics

[301] viXra:1808.0388 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 07:58:41

NC-TODIM Based MAGDM under Neutrosophic 2 Cubic Set Environment

Authors: Surapati Pramanik, Shyamal Dalapati, Shariful Alam, Tapan Kumar Roy
Comments: 20 Pages.

Neutrosophic cubic set is the hybridization of the concept of neutrosophic set and interval 10 neutrosophic set. Neutrosophic cubic set has the capacity to express the hybrid information of both 11 the interval neutrosophic set and the single valued neutrosophic set simultaneously. As newly 12 defined, little research on the operations and applications of neutrosophic cubic sets appear in the 13 current literature.
Category: General Mathematics

[300] viXra:1808.0387 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:00:58

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РЕГИОНА: УПРАВЛЕНИЕ, ИННОВАЦИИ, ПОДГОТОВКА КАДРОВ

Authors: S. N. Bocharova
Comments: 8 Pages.

Сборник подготовлен на основе материалов, представленных на IV Международном экономическом форуме «Экономическое развитие региона:управление, инновации, подготовка кадров», организованного и проведенно- го в ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный университет» 8 июня 2017 года (г. Барнаул) при поддержке ФГБУ «Российский фонд фундаментальных исследований», проект № 17‑02‑14081 «IV Международный экономический форум «Экономическое развитие региона: управление, инновации, подготовка кадров».
Category: General Mathematics

[299] viXra:1808.0385 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 08:02:09

Neutrosophic Baire Spaces

Authors: R. Dhavaseelan, S. Jafari, R. Narmada Devi, Md. Hanif Page
Comments: 4 Pages.

In this paper, we introduce the concept of neutrosophic Baire space and present some of its characterizations.
Category: General Mathematics

[298] viXra:1808.0384 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:29:18

A Novel Method for Solving the Fully Neutrosophic Linear Programming Problems

Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Basset, M. Gunasekaran, Mai Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 11 Pages.

The most widely used technique for solving and optimizing a real-life problem is linear programming (LP), due to its simplicity and efficiency. However, in order to handle the impreciseness in the data, the neutrosophic set theory plays a vital role which makes a simulation of the decision-making process of humans by considering all aspects of decision (i.e.,agree, not sure and disagree).
Category: General Mathematics

[297] viXra:1808.0383 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:30:42

A Novel Methodology Developing an Integrated ANP: A Neutrosophic Model for Supplier Selection

Authors: Abduallah Gamal, Mahmoud Ismail, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 23 Pages.

In this research, the main objectives are to study the Analytic Network Process (ANP) technique in neutrosophic environment, to develop a new method for formulating the problem of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) in network structure, and to present a way of checking and calculating consistency consensus degree of decision makers.
Category: General Mathematics

[296] viXra:1808.0382 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:33:12

A Novel Skin Lesion Detection Approach Using Neutrosophic Clustering and Adaptive Region Growing in Dermoscopy Images

Authors: Yanhui Guo, Amira S. Ashour, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 19 Pages.

This paper proposes novel skin lesion detection based on neutrosophic clustering and adaptive region growing algorithms applied to dermoscopic images, called NCARG. First, the dermoscopic images are mapped into a neutrosophic set domain using the shearlet transform results for the images.
Category: General Mathematics

[295] viXra:1808.0381 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 07:41:00

Simulating Quantum Particles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

New quantum theory research, led by academics at the University of St Andrews' School of Physics, could transform the way scientists predict how quantum particles behave. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. [13] To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Quantum Physics

[294] viXra:1808.0380 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 08:47:43

Quasars Confirm Quantum Entanglement

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 65 Pages.

The researchers used distant quasars, one of which emitted its light 7.8 billion years ago and the other 12.2 billion years ago, to determine the measurements to be made on pairs of entangled photons. [37] Researchers have demonstrated the first quantum light-emitting diode (LED) that emits single photons and entangled photon pairs with a wavelength of around 1550 nm, which lies within the standard telecommunications window. [36] JILA scientists have invented a new imaging technique that produces rapid, precise measurements of quantum behavior in an atomic clock in the form of near-instant visual art. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: Astrophysics

[293] viXra:1808.0379 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 10:09:21

Protons in Neutron-Rich Nuclei

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

Protons in neutron-rich nuclei have a higher average energy than previously thought, according to a new analysis of electron scattering data that was first collected in 2004. [27] Physics textbooks might have to be updated now that an international research team has found evidence of an unexpected transition in the structure of atomic nuclei. [26] The group led by Fabrizio Carbone at EPFL and international colleagues have used ultrafast transmission electron microscopy to take attosecond energy-momentum resolved snapshots (1 attosecond = 10-18 or quintillionths of a second) of a free-electron wave function. [25] Now, physicists are working toward getting their first CT scans of the inner workings of the nucleus. [24] The process of the sticking together of quarks, called hadronisation, is still poorly understood. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17] Physicists from Trinity College Dublin's School of Physics and the CRANN Institute, Trinity College, have discovered a new form of light, which will impact our understanding of the fundamental nature of light. [16]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[292] viXra:1808.0378 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 10:31:26

Mnozenje Vektora I Struktura 3D Euklidskog Prostora_Erratum

Authors: Miroslav Josipović
Comments: 1 Page.

Error on page 48.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[291] viXra:1808.0377 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 10:32:26

Multiplication of Vectors and Structure of 3D Euclidean Space_Erratum

Authors: Miroslav Josipović
Comments: 1 Page.

Error on the page 49.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[290] viXra:1808.0376 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 10:32:01

Imaging Quantum Events

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 42 Pages.

Israel, has succeeded in imaging quantum fluctuations for the first time. [27] To tame chaos in powerful semiconductor lasers, which causes instabilities, scientists have introduced another kind of chaos. [26] An international team of scientists developed the world's first anti-laser for a nonlinear Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[289] viXra:1808.0375 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 11:00:57

Characterize Quantum Computers

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 61 Pages.

A Rice University computer scientist and his colleagues have proposed a method to accelerate and simplify the imposing task of diagnosing quantum computers. [37] Researchers have demonstrated holonomic quantum gates under zero-magnetic field at room temperature, which could enable the realization of fast and fault-tolerant universal quantum computers. [36] In the meantime, researchers are busy dreaming up uses for small quantum computers and mapping out the landscape of problems they'll be suited to solving. [35] New research gives insight into a recent experiment that was able to manipulate an unprecedented number of atoms through a quantum simulator. This new theory could provide another step on the path to creating the elusive quantum computers. [34] Chinese scientists Xianmin Jin and his colleagues from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have successfully fabricated the largest-scaled quantum chip and demonstrated the first two-dimensional quantum walks of single photons in real spatial space, which may provide a powerful platform to boost analog quantum computing for quantum supremacy. [33] To address this technology gap, a team of engineers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has developed an innovative microchip, named BATLESS, that can continue to operate even when the battery runs out of energy. [32] Stanford researchers have developed a water-based battery that could provide a cheap way to store wind or solar energy generated when the sun is shining and wind is blowing so it can be fed back into the electric grid and be redistributed when demand is high. [31] Researchers at AMOLF and the University of Texas have circumvented this problem with a vibrating glass ring that interacts with light. They thus created a microscale circulator that directionally routes light on an optical chip without using magnets. [30] Researchers have discovered three distinct variants of magnetic domain walls in the helimagnet iron germanium (FeGe). [29] Magnetic materials that form helical structures—coiled shapes comparable to a spiral staircase or the double helix strands of a DNA molecule—occasionally exhibit exotic behavior that could improve information processing in hard drives and other digital devices. [28]
Category: Quantum Physics

[288] viXra:1808.0373 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 19:11:28

Mercury Jupiter Distance

Authors: Gerges Tawdrous
Comments: 8 Pages.

Mercury data provides us with many unsolved puzzles… let's take a look at some of them in following: -Mercury orbital Circumference = 360 million km ….. i.e. 1 million km for each 1 degree. - Mercury Ceres distance = 360 million km also… i.e. Mercury during his orbital period moves a distance = Mercury Ceres distance -Mercury Jupiter distance = 720.7 million km…. i.e. Mercury during 2 orbital periods moves a distance = Mercury Jupiter distance! Not only that -Mercury day = 2 Mercury orbital periods approximately (just minus 84 minutes)… that means, Mercury during his day period moves a distance = Mercury Jupiter distance.. In fact there are more puzzles in Mercury data, let's see that in following: -Mercury day 4222.6 hours = 3 x Mercury rotation period 1407.6 hours (no error) -Venus rotation period 5832.5 hours = Mercury rotation period 1407.6 x (Π+1) But -Mercury orbital distance = 57.9 mkm if we use this value to find the ordinary orbital circumference by the equation 2ΠR we'll reach to 364 million km, that means Mercury Velocity daily = (Π+1) x 1 million km that means 88 days (Mercury orbital period) x (Π+1) x 1 million km = 364 million km = 2ΠR where R =57.9 million km Please remember -Mercury actual velocity = 47.4 km/ second which means Mercury orbital circumference = 360 million km, means 1 million km for each 1 degree… The current theories tell us easily, all previous data are found by Pure coincidences and there are no geometrical or physical reasons behind And I claim that, Because the solar group is one machine, each planet is one gear in this same machine, for that reason the previous data are created depending one each other… To see the picture as clear as possible, we should answer the basic question which is Why Mercury moves during his day a distance = mercury Jupiter distance? Let's try to answer this question in this paper
Category: Astrophysics

[287] viXra:1808.0372 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 22:05:36

Stars and Planets Contain Dark Matter in Proportion to Their Mass

Authors: Adrian Ferent
Comments: 190 Pages. © 2014 Adrian Ferent

“Stars and planets contain Dark Matter in proportion to their mass” Adrian Ferent “Sun’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Matter is matter with density higher than Planck density” Adrian Ferent “Matter was created from Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “Black holes are Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “Dark Matter is in the core of stars and planets” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Matter is responsible for the Gravitational interactions in the Universe” Adrian Ferent You learned that the Sun was formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of gas and dust within a region. The central mass became hot and dense that it eventually started nuclear fusion in its core. You learned from your professors, from your books, from the greatest scientists…that formation of the Sun was triggered by shockwaves from one or more nearby supernovae, or by waves of energy traveling through space pressed clouds of such particles closer together! In Ferent Quantum Gravity theory the gravitational field created by Dark Matter collapsed the gas and dust within a region and the Sun was formed. Matter looks like foam or bubbles in contrast with Ferent matter that is why: “Sun’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent A bigger star contains more Ferent Matter! Ferent Matter is high density Dark Matter: Ferent density ≥ Ferent matter density > Planck density “Ferent Matter is matter with density higher than Planck density” Adrian Ferent “Matter was created from Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent How much Dark Matter do stars and planets contain? “Stars and planets contain Dark Matter in proportion to their mass” Adrian Ferent More Dark Matter will attract more matter and will result a bigger Star or a bigger Planet. What is Dark Matter in my Gravitation theory? At Ferent wall due to the extraordinarily small scale of the universe at that time, gravitation was the only physical interaction. At Ferent wall were created Ferent matter and gravitons. Only a small percentage of Ferent matter becomes matter at Planck wall. This means high density Dark matter is Ferent matter, interacts only gravitationally with matter. Where is the Dark Matter? “Black holes are Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “Dark Matter is in the core of stars and planets” Adrian Ferent “Ferent Matter is responsible for the Gravitational interactions in the Universe” Adrian Ferent 98. I am the first who discovered that Stars and planets contain Dark Matter in proportion to their mass 99. I am the first who discovered that the Sun’s core is Ferent Matter 100. I am the first who discovered that Matter was created from Dark Matter
Category: Astrophysics

[286] viXra:1808.0371 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-01 09:04:46

The Most Ancient Theory of Everything

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 16 Pages.

From pre-matter realm of information, through the Big Bang, to the states of matter in the universe today, this theory has it all. And, it is not new - it is older than the earliest archaeology.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[285] viXra:1808.0370 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 01:43:04

Application for Position and Load Reference Generation of a Simulated Mechatronic Chain

Authors: V. Vladareanu, S. B. Cononovici, M. Migdalovici, H. Wang, Y. Feng, F. Smarandache
Comments: 4 Pages.

The paper presents the position and load reference generation for a motor stand simulating a mechatronic chain, in this case a three degree of freedom robot leg. The task is accomplished using three PLC controlled motors in position as the robot joint actuators coupled with three controlled in torque, simulating the load at each simulation time-step. The paper briefly discusses the mathematical model and presents the visual interface used in the simulation, which is then to be further integrated into a virtual environment robot control application.
Category: General Mathematics

[284] viXra:1808.0369 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 01:44:39

A Scientific Decision Framework for Supplier Selection under Neutrosophic Moora Environment

Authors: Abduallah Gamal, Mahmoud Ismail, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 15 Pages.

In this paper, we present a hybrid model of Neutrosophic-MOORA for supplier selection problems. Making a suitable model for supplier selection is an important issue to amelioration competitiveness and capability of the organization, factory, project etc. selecting of the best supplier selection is not decrease delays in any organizations but also maximum profit and saving of material costs.
Category: General Mathematics

[283] viXra:1808.0368 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 01:47:20

A Study on Neutrosophic Cubic Graphs with Real Life Applications in Industries

Authors: Muhammad Gulistan, Naveed Yaqoob, Zunaira Rashid, Florentin Smarandache, Hafiz Abdul Wahab
Comments: 22 Pages.

Neutrosophic cubic sets are the more generalized tool by which one can handle imprecise information in a more effective way as compared to fuzzy sets and all other versions of fuzzy sets. Neutrosophic cubic sets have the more flexibility, precision and compatibility to the system as compared to previous existing fuzzy models. On the other hand the graphs represent a problem physically in the form of diagrams, matrices etc. which is very easy to understand and handle.
Category: General Mathematics

[282] viXra:1808.0363 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 01:57:25

Cross Entropy Measures of Bipolar and Interval Bipolar Neutrosophic Sets and Their Application for Multi-Attribute Decision-Making

Authors: Surapati Pramanik, Partha Pratim Dey, Florentin Smarandache, Jun Ye
Comments: 25 Pages.

The bipolar neutrosophic set is an important extension of the bipolar fuzzy set. The bipolar neutrosophic set is a hybridization of the bipolar fuzzy set and neutrosophic set. Every element of a bipolar neutrosophic set consists of three independent positive membership functions and three independent negative membership functions.
Category: General Mathematics

[281] viXra:1808.0362 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:28:18

Decision-Making Approach Based on Neutrosophic Rough Information

Authors: Muhammad Akram, Nabeela Ishfaq, Sidra Sayed, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 20 Pages.

Rough set theory and neutrosophic set theory are mathematical models to deal with incomplete and vague information. These two theories can be combined into a framework for modeling and processing incomplete information in information systems. Thus, the neutrosophic rough set hybrid model gives more precision, flexibility and compatibility to the system as compared to the classic and fuzzy models. In this research study, we develop neutrosophic rough digraphs based on the neutrosophic rough hybrid model. Moreover, we discuss regular neutrosophic rough digraphs, and we solve decision-making problems by using our proposed hybrid model. Finally, we give a comparison analysis of two hybrid models, namely, neutrosophic rough digraphs and rough neutrosophic digraphs.
Category: General Mathematics

[280] viXra:1808.0361 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:30:15

Decision-Making via Neutrosophic Support Soft Topological Spaces

Authors: Parimala Mani, Karthika Muthusamy, Saeid Jafari, Florentin Smarandache, Udhayakumar Ramalingam
Comments: 10 Pages.

The concept of interval neutrosophic sets has been studied and the introduction of a new kind of set in topological spaces called the interval valued neutrosophic support soft set has been suggested. We study some of its basic properties. The main purpose of this paper is to give the optimum solution to decision-making in real life problems the using interval valued neutrosophic support soft set.
Category: General Mathematics

[279] viXra:1808.0360 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:31:42

Decision-Making with Bipolar Neutrosophic TOPSIS and Bipolar Neutrosophic ELECTRE-I

Authors: Muhammad Akram, Shumaiza, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 17 Pages.

Technique for the order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and elimination and choice translating reality (ELECTRE) are widely used methods to solve multi-criteria decision making problems. In this research article, we present bipolar neutrosophic TOPSIS method and bipolar neutrosophic ELECTRE-I method to solve such problems. We use the revised closeness degree to rank the alternatives in our bipolar neutrosophic TOPSIS method. We describe bipolar neutrosophic TOPSIS method and bipolar neutrosophic ELECTRE-I method by flow charts. We solve numerical examples by proposed methods. We also give a comparison of these methods.
Category: General Mathematics

[278] viXra:1808.0353 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:50:48

Interval Complex Neutrosophic Set: Formulation and Applications in Decision-Making

Authors: Mumtaz Ali, Luu Quoc Dat, Le Hoang Son, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 16 Pages.

Neutrosophic set is a powerful general formal framework which generalizes the concepts of classic set,fuzzy set, interval-valued fuzzy set, intuitionistic fuzzy set,etc. Recent studies have developed systems with complex fuzzy sets, for better designing and modeling real-life applications.
Category: General Mathematics

[277] viXra:1808.0352 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:52:00

Interval Neutrosophic Sets with Applications in BCK/BCI-Algebra

Authors: Young Bae Jun, Seon Jeong Kim, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 13 Pages.

Intuitionistic fuzzy set, which is introduced by Atanassov, is a generalization of Zadeh’s fuzzy sets,and consider both truth-membership and falsity-membership. Since the sum of degree true, indeterminacy and false is one in intuitionistic fuzzy sets, incomplete information is handled in intuitionistic fuzzy sets.
Category: General Mathematics

[276] viXra:1808.0350 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:54:15

Inverse Properties in Neutrosophic Triplet Loop and Their Application to Cryptography

Authors: Temitope Gbolahan Jaiyeola, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 20 Pages.

A generalized group is an algebraic structure which has a deep physical background in the unified gauge theory and has direct relation with isotopies. Mathematicians and physicists have been trying to construct a suitable unified theory for twistor theory, isotopies theory, and so on. It was known that generalized groups are tools for constructions in unified geometric theory and electroweak theory.
Category: General Mathematics

[275] viXra:1808.0349 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:55:30

Left (Right)-Quasi Neutrosophic Triplet Loops (Groups) and Generalized BE-Algebras

Authors: Xiaohong Zhang, Xiaoying Wu, Florentin Smarandache, Minghao Hu
Comments: 18 Pages.

The new notion of a neutrosophic triplet group (NTG) is proposed by Florentin Smarandache; it is a new algebraic structure different from the classical group. The aim of this paper is to further expand this new concept and to study its application in related logic algebra systems. Some new notions of left (right)-quasi neutrosophic triplet loops and left (right)-quasi neutrosophic triplet groups are introduced, and some properties are presented.
Category: General Mathematics

[274] viXra:1808.0348 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:56:37

Minimum Spanning Tree in Trapezoidal Fuzzy Neutrosophic Environment

Authors: Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache, Vakkas Uluçay
Comments: 11 Pages.

In this paper, an algorithm for searching the minimum spanning tree (MST) in a network having trapezoidal fuzzy neutrosophic edge weight is presented. The network is an undirected neutrosophic weighted connected graph (UNWCG). The proposed algorithm is based on matrix approach to design the MST of UNWCG. A numerical example is provided to check the validity of the proposed algorithm. Next, a comparison example is made with Mullai’s algorithm in neutrosophic graphs.
Category: General Mathematics

[273] viXra:1808.0347 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:57:41

Mental Models and Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps

Authors: Maikel Leyva-Vázquez, Rebeca Escobar-Jara, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 9 Pages.

In this work, elements related to mental models elicitation and analysis are addressed through causal models. Issues related to the need to include indeterminacy in causal relationships through neutrophic cognitive maps are discussed. A proposal for static analysis in neutrosophic cognitive maps is presented. The following activities are included in the proposal: Calculate, measures of centrality, Classify nodes, De-neutrosification, and Ranking nodes. As future works, the incorporation of new metrics of centrality in neutrosophic cognitive maps is proposed. The inclusion of scenario analysis to the proposal is another area of future work.
Category: General Mathematics

[272] viXra:1808.0345 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 02:59:59

Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Method Based on Neutrosophic Soft Rough Information

Authors: Muhammad Akram, Sundas Shahzadi, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 24 Pages.

Soft sets (SSs), neutrosophic sets (NSs), and rough sets (RSs) are different mathematical models for handling uncertainties, but they are mutually related. In this research paper, we introduce the notions of soft rough neutrosophic sets (SRNSs) and neutrosophic soft rough sets (NSRSs) as hybrid models for soft computing. We describe a mathematical approach to handle decision-making problems in view of NSRSs. We also present an efficient algorithm of our proposed hybrid model to solve decision-making problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[271] viXra:1808.0342 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:09:25

NC-Cross Entropy Based MADM Strategy in Neutrosophic Cubic Set Environment

Authors: Surapati Pramanik, Shyamal Dalapati, Shariful Alam, Florentin Smarandache, Tapan Kumar Roy
Comments: 26 Pages.

The objective of the paper is to introduce a new cross entropy measure in a neutrosophic cubic set (NCS) environment, which we call NC-cross entropy measure. We prove its basic properties. We also propose weighted NC-cross entropy and investigate its basic properties. We develop a novel multi attribute decision-making (MADM) strategy based on a weighted NC-cross entropy measure. To show the feasibility and applicability of the proposed multi attribute decision-making strategy,we solve an illustrative example of the multi attribute decision-making problem.
Category: General Mathematics

[270] viXra:1808.0341 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:10:47

Neutrosophic Association Rule Mining Algorithm for Big Data Analysis

Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mai Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Chang
Comments: 19 Pages.

Big Data is a large-sized and complex dataset, which cannot be managed using traditional data processing tools. Mining process of big data is the ability to extract valuable information from these large datasets. Association rule mining is a type of data mining process, which is indented to determine interesting associations between items and to establish a set of association rules whose support is greater than a specific threshold.
Category: General Mathematics

[269] viXra:1808.0340 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:12:09

Neutrosophic Duplet Semi-Group and Cancellable Neutrosophic Triplet Groups

Authors: Xiaohong Zhang, Florentin Smarandache, Xingliang Liang
Comments: 16 Pages.

The notions of the neutrosophic triplet and neutrosophic duplet were introduced by Florentin Smarandache. From the existing research results, the neutrosophic triplets and neutrosophic duplets are completely different from the classical algebra structures. In this paper, we further study neutrosophic duplet sets, neutrosophic duplet semi-groups, and cancellable neutrosophic triplet groups. First, some new properties of neutrosophic duplet semi-groups are funded, and the following important result is proven: there is no finite neutrosophic duplet semi-group.
Category: General Mathematics

[268] viXra:1808.0339 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:13:39

Neutrosophic Goal Programming

Authors: Ibrahim M. Hezam, Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 14 Pages.

In this chapter, the goal programming in neutrosophic environment is introduced. The degree of acceptance, indeterminacy and rejection of objectives is considered simultaneous. In the two proposed models to solve Neutrosophic Goal Programming Problem (NGPP), our goal is to minimize the sum of the deviation in the model (I), while in the model (II), the neutrosophic goal programming problem NGPP is transformed into the crisp programming model using truth membership, indeterminacy membership, and falsity membership functions. Finally, the industrial design problem is given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed models. The obtained results of Model (I) and Model (II) are compared with other methods.
Category: General Mathematics

[267] viXra:1808.0338 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:14:57

Neutrosophic Hesitant Fuzzy Subalgebras and Filters in Pseudo-BCI Algebras

Authors: Songtao Shao, Xiaohong Zhang, Chunxin Bo, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 19 Pages.

The notions of the neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy subalgebra and neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy filter in pseudo-BCI algebras are introduced, and some properties and equivalent conditions are investigated. The relationships between neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy subalgebras (filters) and hesitant fuzzy subalgebras (filters) is discussed. Five kinds of special sets are constructed by a neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy set, and the conditions for the two kinds of sets to be filters are given. Moreover, the conditions for two kinds of special neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy sets to be neutrosophic hesitant fuzzy filters are proved.
Category: General Mathematics

[266] viXra:1808.0337 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:16:12

Neutrosophic Incidence Graphs With Application

Authors: Muhammad Akram, Sidra Sayed, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 14 Pages.

In this research study, we introduce the notion of single-valued neutrosophic incidence graphs. We describe certain concepts, including bridges, cut vertex and blocks in single-valued neutrosophic incidence graphs.We present some properties of single-valued neutrosophic incidence graphs. We discuss the edge-connectivity, vertex-connectivity and pair-connectivity in neutrosophic incidence graphs. We also deal with a mathematical model of the situation of illegal migration from Pakistan to Europe.
Category: General Mathematics

[265] viXra:1808.0336 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:17:44

Neutrosophic Integer Programming Problems

Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Mai Mohamed, Abdel-Nasser Hessian, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 13 Pages.

In this chapter, we introduce the integer programming in neutrosophic environment, by considering coefficients of problem as a triangular neutrosophic numbers. The degrees of acceptance,indeterminacy and rejection of objectives are simultaneously considered.
Category: General Mathematics

[264] viXra:1808.0334 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:20:07

Neutrosophic Linear Fractional Programming Problems

Authors: Abdel-Nasser Hussian, Mai Mohamed, Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Yongquan Zhou, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 19 Pages.

In this chapter, a solution procedure is proposed to solve neutrosophic linear fractional programming (NLFP) problem where cost of the objective function, the resources and the technological coefficients are triangular neutrosophic numbers. Here, the NLFP problem is transformed into an equivalent crisp multi-objective linear fractional programming (MOLFP) problem. By using proposed approach, the transformed MOLFP problem is reduced to a single objective linear programming (LP) problem which can be solved easily by suitable LP problem algorithm.
Category: General Mathematics

[263] viXra:1808.0333 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:21:44

Neutrosophic Linear Programming Problems

Authors: Abdel-Nasser Hessian, Mai Mohamed, Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 13 Pages.

Smarandache presented neutrosophic theory as a tool for handling undetermined information. Wang et al. introduced a single valued neutrosophic set that is a special neutrosophic sets and can be used expediently to deal with real-world problems, especially in decision support. In this paper, we propose linear programming problems based on neutrosophic environment.
Category: General Mathematics

[262] viXra:1808.0332 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:22:51

Neutrosophic Nano Ideal Topological Structures

Authors: M. Parimala, M. Karthika, S. Jafari, F. Smarandache, R. Udhayakumar
Comments: 11 Pages.

Neutrosophic nano topology and Nano ideal topological spaces induced the authors to propose this new concept. The aim of this paper is to introduce a new type of structural space called neutrosophic nano ideal topological spaces and investigate the relation between neutrosophic nano topological space and neutro- sophic nano ideal topological spaces. We define some closed sets in these spaces to establish their relationships. Basic properties and characterizations related to these sets are given.
Category: General Mathematics

[261] viXra:1808.0331 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:24:57

Neutrosophic Permeable Values and Energetic Subsets with Applications in BCK/BCI-Algebras

Authors: Young Bae Jun, Florentin Smarandache, Seok-Zun Song, Hashem Bordbar
Comments: 16 Pages.

The notions of neutrosophic permeable values are introduced, and related properties are investigated. Conditions for the neutrosophic level sets to be energetic, right stable, and right vanished are discussed. Relations between neutrosophic permeable S- and I-values are considered.
Category: General Mathematics

[260] viXra:1808.0330 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:26:11

Neutrosophic Quadruple BCK/BCI-Algebras

Authors: Young Bae Jun, Seok-Zun Song, Florentin Smarandache, Hashem Bordbar
Comments: 16 Pages.

The notion of a neutrosophic quadruple BCK/BCI-number is considered, and a neutrosophic quadruple BCK/BCI-algebra, which consists of neutrosophic quadruple BCK/BCI-numbers, is constructed. Several properties are investigated, and a (positive implicative) ideal in a neutrosophic quadruple BCK-algebra and a closed ideal in a neutrosophic quadruple BCI-algebra are studied.
Category: General Mathematics

[259] viXra:1808.0325 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:32:39

Neutrosophic Soft Set Decision Making for Stock Trending Analysis

Authors: Sudan Jha, Raghvendra Kumar, Le Hoang Son, Jyotir Moy Chatterjee, Manju Khari, Navneet Yadav, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 Pages.

In this paper, we point out a major issue of stock market regarding trending scenario of trades where data exactness, accuracy of expressing data and uncertainty of values (closing point of the day) are lacked. We use neutrosophic soft sets (NSS) consisting of three factors (True, Uncertainty and False) to deal with exact state of data in several directions. A new approach based on NSS is proposed for stock value prediction based on real data from last 7 years. It calculates the stock price based on the factors like “open”, “high”, “low” and “adjacent close”. The highest score value retrieved from the score function is used to determine which opening price and high price decide the closing price from the above mentioned four factors.
Category: General Mathematics

[258] viXra:1808.0323 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:36:41

Neutrosophic Triplet G-Module

Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Mehmet Sahin, Abdullah Kargın
Comments: 9 Pages.

In this study, the neutrosophic triplet G-module is introduced and the properties of neutrosophic triplet G-module are studied. Furthermore, reducible, irreducible, and completely reducible neutrosophic triplet G-modules are defined, and relationships of these structures with each other are examined. Also, it is shown that the neutrosophic triplet G-module is different from the G-module.
Category: General Mathematics

[257] viXra:1808.0322 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:37:36

Neutrosophic Triplet Group

Authors: Florentin Smarandache, Mumtaz Ali
Comments: 7 Pages.

Groups are the most fundamental and rich algebraic structure with respect to some binary operation in the study of algebra. In this paper, for the first time, we introduced the notion of neutrosophic triplet which is a group of three elements that satisfy certain properties with some binary operation.
Category: General Mathematics

[256] viXra:1808.0321 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:39:45

NeutrosophicWeighted Support Vector Machines for the Determination of School Administrators Who Attended an Action Learning Course Based on Their Conflict-Handling Styles

Authors: Muhammed Turhan, Dönüs Sengür, Songül Karabatak, Yanhui Guo, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 11 Pages.

In the recent years, school administrators often come across various problems while teaching, counseling, and promoting and providing other services which engender disagreements and interpersonal conflicts between students, the administrative staff, and others. Action learning is an effective way to train school administrators in order to improve their conflict-handling styles. In this paper, a novel approach is used to determine the effectiveness of training in school administrators who attended an action learning course based on their conflict-handling styles.
Category: General Mathematics

[255] viXra:1808.0320 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:41:06

New Inclusion Relation of Neutrosophic Sets with Applications and Related Lattice Structure

Authors: Xiaohong Zhang, Chunxin Bo, Florentin Smarandache, Jianhua Dai
Comments: 11 Pages.

The main purpose of this paper is to study the inclusion relations of neutrosophic sets and some applications in multiple attribute decision making. At first, the existing two definitions of inclusion relation (called type-1 and type-2 inclusion relation, respectively) of neutrosophic sets are analyzed, and the deficiencies of type-1 and type-2 inclusion relations are illustrated by examples (in fact, they are actually two extreme cases).
Category: General Mathematics

[254] viXra:1808.0319 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:42:17

New Neutrosophic Sets via Neutrosophic Topological Spaces

Authors: Wadei Al-Omeri, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 21 Pages.

In Geographical information systems (GIS) there is a need to model spatial regions with indeterminate boundary and under indeterminacy. The purpose of this chapter is to construct the basic concepts of the so-called "neutrosophic sets via neutrosophic topological spaces (NTs)".
Category: General Mathematics

[253] viXra:1808.0318 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:43:24

Novel System and Method for Telephone Network Planing based on Neutrosophic Graph

Authors: Said Broumi, Kifayat Ullah, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Prem Kumar Singh, Tahir Mahmood, Florentin Smarandache, Ayoub Bahnasse, Santanu Kumar Patro, Angelo de Oliveira
Comments: 11 Pages.

Telephony is gaining momentum in the daily lives of individuals and in the activities of all companies. With the great trend towards telephony networks, whether analogue or digital known as Voice over IP (VoIP), the number of calls an individual can receive becomes considerably high.However, effective management of incoming calls to subscribers becomes a necessity. Recently,much attention has been paid towards applications of single-valued neutrosophic graphs in various research fields.
Category: General Mathematics

[252] viXra:1808.0317 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 03:44:18

On Maxwell-Dirac Isomorphism

Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, we discuss Maxwell-Dirac isomorphism and quantum entanglement.
Category: General Mathematics

[251] viXra:1808.0316 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:01:22

On Neutrosophic Closed Sets

Authors: Mani Parimala, Florentin Smarandache, Saeid Jafari, Ramalingam Udhayakumar
Comments: 7 Pages.

The aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of closed sets in terms of neutrosophic topological spaces. We also study some of the properties of neutrosophic closed sets. Further, we introduce continuity and contra continuity for the introduced set. The two functions and their relations are studied via a neutrosophic point set.
Category: General Mathematics

[250] viXra:1808.0314 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:03:50

On the Powers of Fuzzy Neutrosophic Soft Matrices

Authors: M. Kavitha, P. Murugadas, S. Sriram
Comments: 15 Pages.

In some real life applications, one has to consider not only the truth membership supported by the evidence but also the falsity membership against the evidence, which is beyond the scope of fuzzy sets and IVFSs.
Category: General Mathematics

[249] viXra:1808.0313 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:09:45

Robot Advanced Intelligent Control Developed Through Versatile Intelligent Portable Platform

Authors: L. Vladareanu, V. Vladareanu, H. Yu, H. Wang, F. Smarandache
Comments: 5 Pages.

The paper presents a versatile, intelligent portable robot platform VIPRo, which involves developing intelligent control interfaces by applying advanced control techniques adapted to the robot environment such Robot Neutrosophic Control (RNC), Robot Extenics Control (eHFPC), Robot Haptic Control (RHC), human adaptive mechatronics, implemented by high speed processing IT&C techniques and real time communication for a high amount processing data.
Category: General Mathematics

[248] viXra:1808.0311 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:12:27

Shortest Path Problem Under Interval Valued Neutrosophic Setting

Authors: Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache, K. P. Krishnan Kishore, Rıdvan Şahin
Comments: 7 Pages.

This paper presents a study of neutrosophic shortest path with interval valued neutrosophic number on a network. A proposed algorithm also gives the shortest path length using ranking function from source node to destination node. Here each arc length is assigned to interval valued neutrosophic number. Finally, a numerical example has been provided for illustrating the proposed approach.
Category: General Mathematics

[247] viXra:1808.0310 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:13:35

Single–Valued Neutrosophic Filters in EQ–algebras

Authors: Mohammad Hamidi, Arsham Borumand Saeid, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 Pages.

This paper introduces the concept of single–valued neutrosophic EQ–subalgebras, single–valued neutrosophic EQ–prefilters and single–valued neutrosophic EQ–filters. We study some properties of single–valued neutrosophic EQ–prefilters and show how to construct single–valued neutrosophic EQ–filters. Finally, the relationship between single–valued neutrosophic EQ–filters and EQ–filters are studied.
Category: General Mathematics

[246] viXra:1808.0309 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:14:51

Soft Rough Neutrosophic Influence Graphs with Application

Authors: Hafsa Masood Malik, Muhammad Akram, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 37 Pages.

In this paper, we apply the notion of soft rough neutrosophic sets to graph theory. We develop certain new concepts, including soft rough neutrosophic graphs, soft rough neutrosophic influence graphs, soft rough neutrosophic influence cycles and soft rough neutrosophic influence trees. We illustrate these concepts with examples, and investigate some of their properties. We solve the decision-making problem by using our proposed algorithm.
Category: General Mathematics

[245] viXra:1808.0308 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:16:02

Some Results on Neutrosophic Triplet Group and Their Applications

Authors: Tèmítópé Gbóláhàn Jaíyéolá, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 14 Pages.

This article is based on new developments on a neutrosophic triplet group (NTG) and applications earlier introduced in 2016 by Smarandache and Ali.
Category: General Mathematics

[244] viXra:1808.0307 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:17:45

Some Results on the Graph Theory for Complex Neutrosophic Sets

Authors: Shio Gai Quek, Said Broumi, Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 30 Pages.

Fuzzy graph theory plays an important role in the study of the symmetry and asymmetry properties of fuzzy graphs. With this in mind, in this paper, we introduce new neutrosophic graphs called complex neutrosophic graphs of type 1 (abbr. CNG1). We then present a matrix representation for it and study some properties of this new concept.
Category: General Mathematics

[243] viXra:1808.0306 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:19:35

Some Studies on Algebraic Integers in Q(i, √ 3) by Using Coset Diagram

Authors: Saima Anis, Seok-Zun Song, Young Bae Jun, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 9 Pages.

In this paper, we studied the action of Picard modular group PSL.
Category: General Mathematics

[242] viXra:1808.0304 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:23:01

Study on the Development of Neutrosophic Triplet Ring and Neutrosophic Triplet Field

Authors: Mumtaz Ali, Florentin Smarandache, Mohsin Khan
Comments: 10 Pages.

Rings and fields are significant algebraic structures in algebra and both of them are based on the group structure. In this paper, we attempt to extend the notion of a neutrosophic triplet group to a neutrosophic triplet ring and a neutrosophic triplet field. We introduce a neutrosophic triplet ring and study some of its basic properties. Further, we define the zero divisor, neutrosophic triplet subring, neutrosophic triplet ideal, nilpotent integral neutrosophic triplet domain, and neutrosophic triplet ring homomorphism. Finally, we introduce a neutrosophic triplet field.
Category: General Mathematics

[241] viXra:1808.0302 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:26:59

Using Neutrosophic Sets to Obtain PERT Three-Times Estimates in Project Management

Authors: Mai Mohamed, Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Abdel-Nasser Hussien, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 11 Pages.

Neutrosophic sets have been introduced as a generalization of crisp sets, fuzzy sets, and intuitionistic fuzzy sets to represent uncertain, inconsistent and incomplete information about real world problems. Elements of neutrosophic set are characterized by a truthmembership, falsity-membership and indeterminacy membership functions.
Category: General Mathematics

[240] viXra:1808.0301 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:27:45

What We Can do to Save Humanity in the Coming Era of Global Eavesdroppers

Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this paper, we tried to draw a fair assessment on things which will take place soon with the coming era of IoT, 5G technology, global eavesdropping and all that. Nonetheless, we are aware that this article sounds quite gloomy. We are not techno-utopians (read Evvgeny Morozov’s WSJ article on digital dictatorship1), but we are not techno-pessimists either. Perhaps you can consider us as: "techno-realists."2 This paper was written in the same spirit of Jonathan L. Zittrain’s book The Future of Internet and how to stop it.
Category: General Mathematics

[239] viXra:1808.0300 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 04:29:50

Taylor Series Approximation to Solve Neutrosophic Multi-objective Programming Problem

Authors: Ibrahim M. Hezam, Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 14 Pages.

In this chapter, Taylor series is used to solve neutrosophic multiobjective programming problem (NMOPP). In the proposed approach, the truth membership, indeterminacy membership, falsity membership functions associated with each objective of multiobjective programming problems are transformed into a single objective linear programming problem by using a first order Taylor polynomial series.
Category: General Mathematics

[238] viXra:1808.0298 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-21 05:19:53

Achievable Single-Valued Neutrosophic Graphs in Wireless Sensor Networks

Authors: M. Hamidi, A. Borumand Saeid
Comments: 31 Pages.

This is an unedited version of the accepted manuscript scheduled for publication. It has been uploaded in advance for the benefit of our customers. The manuscript will be copyedited, typeset and proofread before it is released in the final form.
Category: General Mathematics

[237] viXra:1808.0297 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 07:56:01

Charged Biomolecules

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

In clinical diagnostics, it is critical to monitor biomolecules in a simple, rapid and sensitive way. [31] Researchers at the Ruhr-Universität Bochum have discovered why bioelectrodes containing the photosynthesis protein complex photosystem I are not stable in the long term. [30] Molecules that are involved in photosynthesis exhibit the same quantum effects as non-living matter, concludes an international team of scientists including University of Groningen theoretical physicist Thomas la Cour Jansen. [29] Nanoparticles derived from tea leaves inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells, destroying up to 80% of them, new research by a joint Swansea University and Indian team has shown. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20]
Category: Physics of Biology

[236] viXra:1808.0296 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 08:58:05

Audiovisual Emotion Recognition

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 56 Pages.

Researchers at Orange Labs and Normandie University have developed a novel deep neural model for audiovisual emotion recognition that performs well with small training sets. [35] We have a 'thirst for knowledge' but sometime 'ignorance is bliss', so how do we choose between these two mind states at any given time? [34] Brain-machine interfaces provide one way to connect with this puzzling organ system, including the brain. [33] Measuring optical blood flow in the resting human brain to detect spontaneous activity has for the first time been demonstrated by Wright State University imaging researchers, holding out promise for a better way to study people with autism, Alzheimer's and depression. [32] UCLA biologists report they have transferred a memory from one marine snail to another, creating an artificial memory, by injecting RNA from one to another. [31] Scientists at the Wellcome Trust/ Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, have identified a new type of stem cell in the brain which they say has a high potential for repair following brain injury or disease. [30] A team of researchers working at the Weizmann Institute of Science has found that organoids can be used to better understand how the human brain wrinkles as it develops. [29] A team of biologists has found an unexpected source for the brain's development, a finding that offers new insights into the building of the nervous system. [28] Researchers discover both the structure of specific brain areas and memory are linked to genetic activity that also play important roles in immune system function. [27] The inner workings of the human brain have always been a subject of great interest. Unfortunately, it is fairly difficult to view brain structures or intricate tissues due to the fact that the skull is not transparent by design. [26] But now there is a technology that enables us to "read the mind" with growing accuracy: functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). [25]
Category: Mind Science

[235] viXra:1808.0295 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 09:07:23

Implementing Green Certifications (ISO14001 and EMAS) in AVANI Central

Authors: Sahan Fernando
Comments: 10 Pages.

Study Structure First a review of the extent literature on environmental management will be developed, focusing on EMAS and ISO14001 in the hospitality industry, the stakeholder’s role in ensuring environmental management and challenges of implementing environment certifications. Then the method will be used in the analysis of the study can be outlined. The data obtained address the extent to which the findings show support for the study objectives and aim and suggestions for hoteliers will be established. Lastly conclusions can be discussed and limitations and some suggestions for future. Study aims The aim of this study is to explore the implementation of green practices in the Hotel AVANI and investigate the benefits that the hotel can obtain from implementing certifications such as the ISO14001 and EMAS.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[234] viXra:1808.0294 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 09:44:30

Nash Embedding and Equilibrium in Pure Quantums States

Authors: Faisal Shah Khan, Travis S. Humble
Comments: 8 Pages.

With respect to probabilistic mixtures of the strategies in non-cooperative games, quantum game theory provides guarantee of fixed-point stability, the so-called Nash equilibrium. This permits players to choose mixed quantum strategies that prepare mixed quantum states optimally under constraints. We show here that fixed-point stability of Nash equilibrium can also be guaranteed for pure quantum strategies via an application of the Nash embedding theorem, permitting players to prepare pure quantum states optimally under constraints.
Category: Quantum Physics

[233] viXra:1808.0293 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 10:44:27

Compiling Adiabatic Quantum Programs

Authors: Faisal Shah Khan, Nada Elsokkary, Travis S. Humble
Comments: 3 Pages.

We develop a non-cooperative game-theoretic model for the problem of graph minor-embedding to show that optimal compiling of adiabatic quantum programs in the sense of Nash equilibrium is possible.
Category: Quantum Physics

[232] viXra:1808.0291 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 11:05:44

Quantum Field Theory Explains the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe.

Authors: Elkin Igor
Comments: 4 Pages. ieelkin@yandex.ru

Expansion of the universe by Hubble, allows you to calculate the expansion at a minimum distance. This leads to the fact that the limiting speed of information transfer varies depending on the distance and depending on the local site in question. This gives a different interaction when the particles are repelled from each other and when they are attracted. This leads to the appearance of a nonzero residual interaction. And this leads to an explanation of the accelerated expansion.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[231] viXra:1808.0290 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 11:43:08

AI for the Film Industry

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 52 Pages.

Researchers have developed a system using artificial intelligence that can edit the facial expressions of actors to accurately match dubbed voices, saving time and reducing costs for the film industry. [30] Computer scientists in Australia teamed up with an expert in the University of Toronto's department of English to design an algorithm that writes poetry following the rules of rhyme and metre. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21] We should remain optimistic that quantum computing and AI will continue to improve our lives, but we also should continue to hold companies, organizations, and governments accountable for how our private data is used, as well as the technology's impact on the environment. [20]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[230] viXra:1808.0289 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 12:02:33

Virtual Reality for Real-World Literacy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 54 Pages.

Virtual reality is moving beyond purely entertainment to become a potential tool in improving literacy, and the University of Otago is behind one groundbreaking approach. [31] Researchers have developed a system using artificial intelligence that can edit the facial expressions of actors to accurately match dubbed voices, saving time and reducing costs for the film industry. [30] Computer scientists in Australia teamed up with an expert in the University of Toronto's department of English to design an algorithm that writes poetry following the rules of rhyme and metre. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[229] viXra:1808.0288 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 16:44:01

Removing Waste Heat, Improving Efficiency of Power Generation

Authors: Julian Juhi-Lian Juhi-Lian
Comments: 7 Pages.

Two methods to remove unnecessary heat through radiation to increase the efficiency of power plants are proposed: Firstly, special materials are used to improve the heat radiation for those power plants that requires heat conversion is mentioned; secondly, a frequency-separation method using nano-particles to increase the efficiency of solar cells is introduced. We propose also the best nanoparticle shape for the second method through light harvestor designs of bacteria.
Category: Thermodynamics and Energy

[228] viXra:1808.0287 [pdf] replaced on 2019-05-20 09:43:30

Update the Path Integral in Quantum Mechanics by Using the Energy Pipe Streamline

Authors: Shuang-Ren Zhao
Comments: 89 Pages.

Abstract The path integral in quantum mechanics is a very important mathematical tools. It is widely applied in quantum electrodynamics and quantum field theory. But its basic concepts confuse all of us. The first thing is the propagation of the probability. The second is the path can be any paths you can draw. How this can work? In this article, a new definition of energy pipe streamline integral is introduced in which the mutual energy theorem and the mutual energy flow theorem, mutual energy principle, self-energy principle, Huygens principle, and surface integral inner product of the electromagnetic fields are applied to offer a meaningful and upgraded path integral. The mutual energy flow is the energy flow from the emitter to the absorber. This energy flow is built by the retarded wave radiates from the emitter and the advanced wave radiates from the absorber. The mutual energy flow theorem guarantees that the energy of the photon go through any surface between the emitter and the absorber are all equal. This allow us to build many slender flow pipes to describe the energy flow. The path integral can be defined on these pipes. This is a updated path integral and it is referred as the energy pip streamline integral. The Huygens principle allow us to insert virtual current sources on any place of the pipes. Self-energy principle tell us that any particles are consist of 4 waves: the retarded wave, the advanced wave and another two time-reversal waves. All these waves are canceled and, hence, the waves do not carry or transfer any energy. Energy is only carried and transferred by the mutual energy flow. Hence, the mutual energy flow theorem is actually the energy flow theorem. Wave looks like probability wave, but mutual energy flow are real energy flow, it is not a probability flow. In this article the streamline integral is applied to photon which satisfy Maxwell equation. However, this concept can be easily widened to other particle for example electrons which satisfies the Schrödinger or Dirac equation.
Category: Quantum Physics

[227] viXra:1808.0284 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 01:46:43

Discovery of the Prime Number Equation

Authors: Toshiro Takami
Comments: 9 Pages.

【Abstract】 I found a prime number equation. All prime numbers except 2 and 3 are expressed by the following formula. (a = positive integer, t = prime number) For other positive integers, t is an irrational number. As an exception, This generates all prime numbers except 2 and 3, but also generates a composite number of prime numbers. The composite number of the prime has regularity.
Category: Number Theory

[226] viXra:1808.0283 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 02:47:33

Analysis of Muon Count Variations According to Detector's Measuring Scale

Authors: Gi Hoon Bae
Comments: 6 Pages.

I have analyzed muon count variations according to detector's measuring scale, calculated declining tendency and analyzed result value, inferring some reason, as a experiment hypothesis, "All muons which come to surface probably will result in those having a maximum of vertical incidences about a ground as a minimum distance." I calculated a limit moving distance based on muon's life span and muon's average velocity, and showed muon's maximum incidence scale for the earth's surface based on muon's average emergence altitude for the hypothesis' proof. After performing the experiment theoretically, I analyzed the measured data by LSM(Least Square Method). Conclusively, I discovered that as the detector's measuring scale gains each 10 degree, muons which are measured per 10 minute decrease averagely each 9.0667 approx, and I saw that on the 30°-40° point and 50°-60° point, muon counts are radically decreased.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[225] viXra:1808.0282 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-17 10:23:36

Electromagnetic Wave Function and Equation, Lorentz Force in Rindler Spacetime

Authors: Sangwha Yi
Comments: 13 Pages.

In the general relativity theory, we find the electro-magnetic wave function and equation in Rindler space-time. Specially, this article is that electromagnetic wave equation is corrected by the gauge fixing equation in Rindler space-time. We define the force in Rindler space-time We find Lorentz force (electromagnetic force) by electro-magnetic field transformations in Rindler space-time. In the inertial frame, Lorentz force is defined as 4-dimensional force. Hence, we had to obtain 4-dimensional force in Rindler space-time. We define energy-momentum in Rindler space-time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[224] viXra:1808.0281 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 04:47:04

A Classical Group of Neutrosophic Triplet Groups

Authors: Vasantha KandasamyW.B., Ilanthenral Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 8 Pages.

Fuzzy set theory was introduced by Zadeh and was generalized to the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set (IFS) by Atanassov. Real-world, uncertain, incomplete, indeterminate, and inconsistent data were presented philosophically as a neutrosophic set by Smarandache [3], who also studied the notion of neutralities that exist in all problems.
Category: General Mathematics

[223] viXra:1808.0280 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 04:48:40

A Critical Path Problem Using Triangular Neutrosophic Number

Authors: Mai Mohamed, Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Florentin Smarandache, Yongquan Zhou
Comments: 11 Pages.

The Critical Path Method (CPM) is one of several related techniques for planning and managing of complicated projects in real world applications. In many situations, the data obtained for decision makers are only approximate, which gives rise of neutrosophic critical path problem.
Category: General Mathematics

[222] viXra:1808.0279 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 04:50:13

A Critical Path Problem in Neutrosophic Environment

Authors: Mai Mohamed, Mohamed Abdel-Baset, Florentin Smarandache, Yongquan Zhou
Comments: 8 Pages.

The Critical Path Method (CPM) is one of several related techniques for planning and managing of complicated projects in real world applications. In many situations, the data obtained for decision makers are only approximate, which gives rise of neutrosophic critical path problem.
Category: General Mathematics

[221] viXra:1808.0278 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 04:51:20

A Family of Estimators of Population Mean Using Multiauxiliary Information in Presence of Measurement Errors

Authors: Jack Allen, Housila P. Singh
Comments: 15 Pages.

This paper proposes a family of estimators of population mean using information on several auxiliary variables and analyzes its properties in the presence of measurement errors.
Category: General Mathematics

[220] viXra:1808.0277 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 04:52:46

A Hybrid Neutrosophic Group ANP-TOPSIS Framework for Supplier Selection Problems

Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mai Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 21 Pages.

One of the most significant competitive strategies for organizations is sustainable supply chain management (SSCM). The vital part in the administration of a sustainable supply chain is the sustainable supplier selection, which is a multi-criteria decision-making issue, including many conflicting criteria.
Category: General Mathematics

[219] viXra:1808.0275 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 04:59:19

Effect of Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 on the Proliferation of Osteoblast-Like MG-63 Human Osteo-sarcoma Cells in vitro

Authors: Janice Patricia Kinney, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 6 Pages.

The study objective was to evaluate the effect of Biofield Treated vitamin D3 and DMEM on bone health. The Test Items (TI) were divided into two parts. One part of each sample was received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Janice Patricia Kinney and those samples were labeled as Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while other parts of each sample were denoted as Untreated Test items (UT). The cell viability showed test samples were found as safe in the tested concentrations. ALP was significantly increased by 212.57% and 134.55% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI and BT-DMEM + BT-TI groups, respectively at 50 µg/mL, while 242.77% increased in BT-DMEM + UT-TI at 10 µg/mL compared to UT-DMEM + UT-TI group. Collagen was significantly increased by 172.04%, 293.55%, and 248.39% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI, BT-DMEM + UT-TI, and BT-DMEM + BT-TI groups, respectively at 0.1 µg/mL compared to untreated group. Moreover, collagen was significantly increased by 99.25% and 172.93% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI and BT-DMEM + BT-TI groups, respectively at 1µg/mL, while increased by 156.38% and 145.64% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI and BT-DMEM + BT-TI groups, respectively at 10 µg/mL than untreated group. Besides, percent of bone mineralization was distinctly increased by 198.62%, 111.72%, and 168.28% in UT-DMEM + BT-TI, BT-DMEM + UT-TI, and BT-DMEM + BT-TI groups, respectively at 0.1µg/mL compared to untreated group. Overall, Biofield Treated vitamin D3 was remarkably improved the bone health parameters and could be beneficial against bone-related disorders (osteoporosis, osteomalacia etc.), stress, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
Category: Biochemistry

[218] viXra:1808.0274 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:00:36

A Comparative Analysis of Vitamin D3 and Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 in Bone Health Using MG-63 Cell Line

Authors: Lauree Ann Duprey-Reed, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 7 Pages.

Poor bone health is related with various bone disease that predisposes to fractures, while sufficient supplementation with calcium and vitamin D suggested prevention of bone diseases. The present study aimed to find the effect of Consciousness Energy Healing based vitamin D3 and DMEM medium on in vitro bone health parameters using MG-63 cells such as alkaline phosphates enzyme (ALP) activity, collagen levels, and bone mineralization. The test items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM medium were divided into two parts. The test samples received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Lauree Ann Duprey-Reed and samples were defined as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were denoted as the untreated test items (UT). Cell viability using MTT assay showed that cell viability range 76% to 139% with safe and nontoxic profile of test samples on MG-63 cell line. ALP was significantly increased by 171.8% and 189.7% at 10µg/mL in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI and BT-DMEM+BT-TI groups, respectively as compared with the untreated group. In addition, 100% and 33.3% increased ALP at 0.1 and 10µg/mL, respectively in BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. The level of collagen was significantly increased at 10µg/mL by 145.8% in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 65.8% and 145.8% at 1 and 10µg/mL, respectively in BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased collagen level by 86.3% and 136.1% at 1 and 10µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. The percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 150%, 21%, and 73.2% at 0.1, 10, and 100µg/mL, respectively in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 258.3% and 126.8% at 0.1 and 100µg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased bone mineralization by 33.3%, 32.7%, and 187.4% at 0.1, 10, and 100µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated group. Biofield Energy Treatment might be vital in promotion and maintenance of strong and healthy bones and quality of life by assisting them in maintaining optimal vitamin D levels. It regulates the osteoblast function, improves bone mineralization, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disorders along with wide range of adverse health conditions, comprising cancer, and many autoimmune disorders.
Category: Biochemistry

[217] viXra:1808.0272 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:12:26

A New Algorithm for Finding Minimum Spanning Trees with Undirected Neutrosophic Graphs

Authors: Arindam Dey, Said Broumi, Le Hoang Son, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 Pages.

In this paper, we discuss the minimum spanning tree (MST) problem of an undirected neutrosophic weighted connected graph in which a single-valued neutrosophic number, instead of a real number/fuzzy number, is assigned to each arc as its arc length.We define this type of MST as neutrosophic minimum spanning tree (NMST).
Category: General Mathematics

[216] viXra:1808.0271 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:15:45

A New Concept of Matrix Algorithm for MST in Undirected Interval Valued Neutrosophic Graph

Authors: Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache, Kishore Kumar P K
Comments: 16 Pages.

In this chapter, we introduce a new algorithm for finding a minimum spanning tree (MST) of an undirected neutrosophic weighted connected graph whose edge weights are represented by an interval valued neutrosophic number. In addition, we compute the cost of MST and compare the de- neutrosophied value with an equivalent MST having the detereministic weights. Finally, a numerical example is provided.
Category: General Mathematics

[215] viXra:1808.0269 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:18:04

An Extended Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with Maximizing Deviation Method Based on Integrated Weight Measure for Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets

Authors: Ganeshsree Selvachandran, Shio Gai Quek, Florentin Smarandache, Said Broumi
Comments: 17 Pages.

A single-valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) is a special case of a neutrosophic set which is characterized by a truth, indeterminacy, and falsity membership function, each of which lies in the standard interval of [0, 1]. This paper presents a modified Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with maximizing deviation method based on the single-valued neutrosophic set (SVNS) model.
Category: General Mathematics

[214] viXra:1808.0267 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:20:59

An Extension of Neutrosophic AHP–SWOT Analysis for Strategic Planning and Decision-Making

Authors: Mohamed Abdel-Basset, Mai Mohamed, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 18 Pages.

Every organization seeks to set strategies for its development and growth and to do this, it must take into account the factors that affect its success or failure. The most widely used technique in strategic planning is SWOT analysis. SWOT examines strengths (S), weaknesses (W),opportunities (O) and threats (T), to select and implement the best strategy to achieve organizational goals.
Category: General Mathematics

[213] viXra:1808.0266 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:22:13

An Isolated Bipolar Single-Valued Neutrosophic Graphs

Authors: Said Broumi, Assia Bakali, Mohamed Talea, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 7 Pages.

In this research paper, we propose the graph of the bipolar single-valued neutrosophic set (BSVNS) model. This graph generalized the graphs of single-valued neutrosophic set models.
Category: General Mathematics

[212] viXra:1808.0265 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-20 05:23:23

An Outline of Cellular Automaton Universe Via Cosmological KdV Equation

Authors: V Christianto, F Smarandache, Y Umniyati
Comments: 3 Pages.

It has been known for long time that the cosmic sound wave was there since the early epoch of the Universe. Signatures of its existence are abound. However, such a sound wave model of cosmology is rarely developed fully into a complete framework.
Category: General Mathematics

[211] viXra:1808.0264 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 17:04:27

Einstein’s Reply to Bell and Others? a Simple Constructive Classical Foundation for Quantum Theory

Authors: Gordon Watson
Comments: 2 Pages.

Having elsewhere refuted Bell’s theorem irrefutably with elementary mathematics, we here advance Einstein’s ideas similarly with a classical Lorentz-invariant theory, observationally-indistinguishable from quantum mechanics. Given that our elementary theory is straight-forward and non-mysterious, we provide an Einsteinian—a specifically local and truly realistic—advance toward understanding the classical nature of physical reality at the quantum level. We thus resolve Bell’s dilemma in Einstein’s favor: as Bell half-expected, he and his supporters were being rather silly.
Category: Quantum Physics

[210] viXra:1808.0263 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 23:01:23

Violation of Universality of Free Fall by Fast-moving Test Bodies

Authors: Hui Peng
Comments: 14 Pages. Thanks very much for consideration of my paper

The Universality of Free Fall (UFF) and the Weak Equivalent Principle (WEP) are crucial for Einstein’s theory of gravity. In this article, we show that fast-moving test bodies violate UFF. A well-known problem of WEP is its lack of clarity about the inertial masses, e.g., the gravitational mass is equal to the rest mass for test bodies whereas it is equal to the relativistic mass, T^μν, for the source of gravitational fields (S-GF). To resolve this problem we expand WEP into three Sub-WEPs: WEP-I, WEP-II, and WEP-III. This allows us to define a new precise WEP where WEP-I is for slow-moving test bodies/S-GFs and WEP-II or WEP-III is for fast-moving test bodies/S-GFs. Not only is WEP-I valid and equivalent to UFF for slow-moving test bodies, it is also valid for slow-moving S-GFs. Either WEP-II or WEP-III is applicable to fast-moving test bodies/S-GFs. A synchrotron-type experiment is designed to directly verify both the predicted violation of UFF and the un-demonstrated WEP-II or WEP-III. Experimental confirmation of WEP-II would lead to an internal U (1) symmetry of gravity.
Category: Classical Physics

[209] viXra:1808.0262 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 23:16:18

A Mechanism of Wavefunction Collapse and Modified Double Slit Experiment

Authors: Hui Peng
Comments: 9 Pages. Thanks very much for consideration of my paper

We restudy the particle double slit experiment and wave-particle duality of matter. We argue that: (1) a particle moving with acceleration has no wave-like behavior; thus (2) it is the acceleration of particle caused by the photons during an optical observation that collapses a matter wave; (3) This mechanism does not affect the history of the particle’s movement prior to the observation takes place. Modified double slit apparatus with various configurations covering different ways of accelerating particle is propose to investigate the wave-particle duality of accelerating matter and test the mechanism. Also we propose: (1) a free falling double slit experiment in a gravitational field. (2) An experiment in which, relative to an observer in Lab, the slit wall and detection screen are accelerated and the particle keeps constant speed. We raise a question that if, after the acceleration, the particle continuously flies with a constant speed before reaching the detection screen, would it regain wave-like behavior automatically? We also design an experiment to test this possibility.
Category: Quantum Physics

[208] viXra:1808.0261 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 01:51:53

Interference Model to Calculate the Lepton Masses

Authors: Dezso Sarkadi
Comments: 3 Pages.

In this paper, we extend the original idea of de Broglie matter-waves into a special physical interaction form which has been abbreviated as mass interference. We postulated that all elementary particles could form a two-particle quantum state containing two standing matter-waves. The estimable mass of the particles is the result of this standing matter-wave interference. For the practical use of the newly introduced mass interference interaction model, we have created a generalized form of the quantized harmonic oscillator known from Quantum Mechanics. Utilizing this new theory, we are presenting two successful calculation methods for the theoretical determination of the lepton masses. This new simple theory has been strengthened by the direct presence of the physical relation between the leptons and the neutrons, which has long been recognized.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[207] viXra:1808.0260 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-19 02:31:15

Nonlinear Quantum Field Theory

Authors: Alexander G. KYRIAKOS
Comments: 286 Pages.

The author proposes a special nonlinear quantum field theory. In a linear approximation, this theory mathematically can be presented in the form of the Standard Model (SM) theory. The richer physical structure of this nonlinear theory makes it possible to exceed the limits of SM and remove its known incompleteness. We show that nonlinearity of the field is critical for the appearance of charges and masses of elementary particles, for confinement of quarks, and many other effects, whose description within the framework of SM causes difficulties. In this case, the mechanism of generation of masses is mathematically similar to Higgs's mechanism, but it is considerably simpler. The proposed theory does not examine the theory of gravity, but give the base to build Lorentz-invariant gravitation theory. The book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students studying the theory of elementary particles, as well as for specialists working in this field.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[206] viXra:1808.0259 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-19 05:20:17

Brahmi Aksharas, Alphabet and the Genetic Code

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 32 Pages.

This article explores the derivation of Phoenician and other alphabets from the Brahmi Aksharas. The 22 letters of the alphabet remarkably match the 22 DNA codons generating various amino acids.
Category: Linguistics

[205] viXra:1808.0258 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 05:47:25

New Telescope for Dark Energy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 20 Pages.

It's an interferometer array that will be made up of 1024 6-metre dishes. Interferometer arrays are really cool because they combine signals from many telescopes to provide the resolution of a larger telescope. [19] According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[204] viXra:1808.0256 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 07:35:30

Deep Learning for Neural Networks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

Today, deep neural networks with different architectures, such as convolutional, recurrent and autoencoder networks, are becoming an increasingly popular area of research. [20] A deep neural network running on an ordinary desktop computer is interpreting highly technical data related to national security as well as—and sometimes better than— today's best automated methods or even human experts. [19] Scientists at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), located at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, have pioneered the use of GPU-accelerated deep learning for rapid detection and characterization of gravitational waves. [18] Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have developed a mathematical model for the emergence of innovations. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13] With the help of artificial intelligence, chemists from the University of Basel in Switzerland have computed the characteristics of about two million crystals made up of four chemical elements. The researchers were able to identify 90 previously unknown thermodynamically stable crystals that can be regarded as new materials. [12] The artificial intelligence system's ability to set itself up quickly every morning and compensate for any overnight fluctuations would make this fragile technology much more useful for field measurements, said co-lead researcher Dr Michael Hush from UNSW ADFA. [11]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[203] viXra:1808.0255 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 07:55:25

AI Camera of Autonomous Vehicles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 33 Pages.

Now, researchers at Stanford University have devised a new type of artificially intelligent camera system that can classify images faster and more energy efficiently, and that could one day be built small enough to be embedded in the devices themselves, something that is not possible today. [21] Today, deep neural networks with different architectures, such as convolutional, recurrent and autoencoder networks, are becoming an increasingly popular area of research. [20] A deep neural network running on an ordinary desktop computer is interpreting highly technical data related to national security as well as—and sometimes better than— today's best automated methods or even human experts. [19] Scientists at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), located at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, have pioneered the use of GPU-accelerated deep learning for rapid detection and characterization of gravitational waves. [18] Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have developed a mathematical model for the emergence of innovations. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13] With the help of artificial intelligence, chemists from the University of Basel in Switzerland have computed the characteristics of about two million crystals made up of four chemical elements. The researchers were able to identify 90 previously unknown thermodynamically stable crystals that can be regarded as new materials. [12]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[202] viXra:1808.0254 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 07:57:07

New Discovery on Golbach Conjecture End Version

Authors: Bado Idriss Olivier
Comments: 7 Pages.

Goldbach's famous conjecture has always fascinated eminent mathematicians. In this paper we give a rigorous proof based on a new formulation, namely, that every even integer has a primo-raduis. Our proof is mainly based on the application of Chebotarev-Artin's theorem, Mertens' formula and the Principle exclusion-inclusion of Moivre
Category: Number Theory

[201] viXra:1808.0252 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 10:11:27

A Model of Baryons (Revised)

Authors: R. Wayte
Comments: 28 Pages.

Baryons are considered to be intricate particles having real geometrical structure based on our earlier proton design. Inherent baryon spin is proportional to mass and radius. The well-known octets and decuplets fit into groups wherein mass-squared is associated with quantised-action. Magnetic moments are described in terms of a spin-loop and coupled electron(s). Lifetime of a baryon is governed by action of guidewave coherence around these structures.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[200] viXra:1808.0251 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 12:57:18

Bismuth Crystals Valleytronics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 24 Pages.

A Princeton-led study has revealed an emergent electronic behavior on the surface of bismuth crystals that could lead to insights on the growing area of technology known as "valleytronics." [16] Instead of using an electric current composed of charged particles, a computer using a stream of particles with a spin other than zero could manipulate the material of its components in the same way to perform calculations. [15] A new method that precisely measures the mysterious behavior and magnetic properties of electrons flowing across the surface of quantum materials could open a path to next-generation electronics. [14] The emerging field of spintronics aims to exploit the spin of the electron. [13] In a new study, researchers measure the spin properties of electronic states produced in singlet fission – a process which could have a central role in the future development of solar cells. [12] In some chemical reactions both electrons and protons move together. When they transfer, they can move concertedly or in separate steps. Light-induced reactions of this sort are particularly relevant to biological systems, such as Photosystem II where plants use photons from the sun to convert water into oxygen. [11] EPFL researchers have found that water molecules are 10,000 times more sensitive to ions than previously thought. [10] Working with colleagues at the Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, a group led by Harvard Professor of Physics Mikhail Lukin and MIT Professor of Physics Vladan Vuletic have managed to coax photons into binding together to form molecules – a state of matter that, until recently, had been purely theoretical. The work is described in a September 25 paper in Nature. New ideas for interactions and particles: This paper examines the possibility to origin the Spontaneously Broken Symmetries from the Planck Distribution Law. This way we get a Unification of the Strong, Electromagnetic, and Weak Interactions from the interference occurrences of oscillators. Understanding that the relativistic mass change is the result of the magnetic induction we arrive to the conclusion that the Gravitational Force is also based on the electromagnetic forces, getting a Unified Relativistic Quantum Theory of all 4 Interactions.
Category: Quantum Physics

[199] viXra:1808.0250 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 14:17:28

The Speciation of Australopithecus and Paranthropus Was Caused by Introgression from the Gorilla Lineage

Authors: Johan Nygren
Comments: 6 Pages.

ABSTRACT: The discovery of Paranthropus deyiremeda in 3.3–3.5 million year old fossil sites in Afar (Haile-Selassie, 2015), together with 30% of the gorilla genome showing lineage sorting between humans and chimpanzees (Scally, 2012), and a NUMT (“nuclear mitochondrial DNA segment”) that is shared by both gorillas, humans and chimpanzees, and that dates back to 6 million years ago (Popadin, 2017), is conclusive evidence that introgression from the gorilla lineage caused the speciation of both the Australopithecus lineage and the Paranthropus lineage, providing a lens into the gorilla-like features within Paranthropus, as well as traits within Homo that originate from the gorilla branch, such as a high opposable thumb index (Almécija, 2015), an adducted great toe (Tocheri, 2011; McHenry, 2006), and large deposits of subcutaneous fat.
Category: Quantitative Biology

[198] viXra:1808.0249 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 14:21:51

Tsaphon & Tsafun and Atlantis

Authors: Leon Elshout
Comments: 2 Pages.

Tsaphon and tsafun connect the words north and midnight, which are relevant for the identification of Atlantis. My book: roodgoudvanparvaim.nl
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[197] viXra:1808.0247 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 08:30:24

Equivalence Principle in the Quantum World

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 24 Pages.

In a state unique to quantum physics, energy and mass can exist in a 'quantum superposition' – as if they consisted of two different values 'at the same time'. [11] Scientists at the University of British Columbia have proposed a radical new theory to explain the exponentially increasing size of the universe. [10] Researchers playing with a cloud of ultracold atoms uncovered behavior that bears a striking resemblance to the universe in microcosm. [9] Gravitational waves may be produced in the heart of the galaxy, says a new study led by Ph.D. student Joseph Fernandez at Liverpool John Moores University. [8] Using data from the first-ever gravitational waves detected last year, along with a theoretical analysis, physicists have shown that gravitational waves may oscillate between two different forms called "g" and "f"-type gravitational waves. [7] Astronomy experiments could soon test an idea developed by Albert Einstein almost exactly a century ago, scientists say. [6] It's estimated that 27% of all the matter in the universe is invisible, while everything from PB&J sandwiches to quasars accounts for just 4.9%. But a new theory of gravity proposed by theoretical physicist Erik Verlinde of the University of Amsterdam found out a way to dispense with the pesky stuff. [5] The proposal by the trio though phrased in a way as to suggest it's a solution to the arrow of time problem, is not likely to be addressed as such by the physics community— it's more likely to be considered as yet another theory that works mathematically, yet still can't answer the basic question of what is time. [4] The Weak Interaction transforms an electric charge in the diffraction pattern from one side to the other side, causing an electric dipole momentum change, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The Neutrino Oscillation of the Weak Interaction shows that it is a General electric dipole change and it is possible to any other temperature dependent entropy and information changing diffraction pattern of atoms, molecules and even complicated biological living structures.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[196] viXra:1808.0246 [pdf] replaced on 2023-02-12 13:26:05

Relativistic Forces Between Rotating Bodies

Authors: Pantelis M. Pechlivanides
Comments: 35 Pages.

The force experienced by a rotating body that lies in the G field of another rotating body depends both on the G field and on its own mass and angular velocity of rotation that affects the magnitude and direction of the exerted force. The force is in general not central and not symmetric. The cases of the non rotating observer and the far away observer are examined for rotation with and without slippage. It is shown that the force may be repulsive or attractive, accelerating or decelerating depending on the angular velocities of the rotations and distance.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[195] viXra:1808.0245 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 08:51:48

Quantum Energy Transportation

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Ant-Man knows the quantum realm holds shocking revelations and irrational solutions. [29] A new uncertainty relation, linking the precision with which temperature can be measured and quantum mechanics, has been discovered at the University of Exeter. [28] Physicists have demonstrated that energy quantization can improve the efficiency of a single-atom heat engine to exceed the performance of its classical counterpart. [27] A solid can serve as a medium for heat and sound wave interactions just like a fluid does for thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators-resulting in leak-free machines that can stay operating longer. [26] Like watchmakers choosing superior materials to build a fine timepiece, physicists at the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) at the National University of Singapore have singled out an atom that could allow them to build better atomic clocks. [25] Yale physicists have uncovered hints of a time crystal—a form of matter that "ticks" when exposed to an electromagnetic pulse—in the last place they expected: a crystal you might find in a child's toy. [24] The research shows that concentrated electrolytes in solution affect hydrogen bonding, ion interactions, and coordination geometries in currently unpredictable ways. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20]
Category: Quantum Physics

[194] viXra:1808.0244 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 19:40:10

Doppler Effect for Non-uniformly Moving Source, Observer, and Mirror

Authors: Hui Peng
Comments: 24 Pages. Thanks very much for your consideration.

Doppler effect has been applied to study the accelerating universe and to daily life. We believe that to describe non-uniform moving system, physics laws should include terms of acceleration/deceleration for accuracy and completeness. In this article, we study systematically the effects of non-uniform motion of either source, or observer, or mirror on Doppler effect, called it the Extended Doppler effect. We show that, indeed, the non-uniform motion not only shifts wavelength/frequency but also changes wavelength/frequency and Extended Doppler shift continuously. There is no transformation between non-uniform moving reference frames. We derived Extended Doppler effect for non-uniform moving source, observer, and mirror based on (1) the speed of light wave is the same for all non-uniform moving frames; (2) geometric optical principles hold. We show that, for slow non-uniform motion, the shifts of wavelength/frequency depend on the relative velocity and relative acceleration/deceleration.
Category: Classical Physics

[193] viXra:1808.0242 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 04:17:09

Energy-Efficient Spin Current

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

Instead of using an electric current composed of charged particles, a computer using a stream of particles with a spin other than zero could manipulate the material of its components in the same way to perform calculations. [15] A new method that precisely measures the mysterious behavior and magnetic properties of electrons flowing across the surface of quantum materials could open a path to next-generation electronics. [14] The emerging field of spintronics aims to exploit the spin of the electron. [13] In a new study, researchers measure the spin properties of electronic states produced in singlet fission – a process which could have a central role in the future development of solar cells. [12] In some chemical reactions both electrons and protons move together. When they transfer, they can move concertedly or in separate steps. Light-induced reactions of this sort are particularly relevant to biological systems, such as Photosystem II where plants use photons from the sun to convert water into oxygen. [11] EPFL researchers have found that water molecules are 10,000 times more sensitive to ions than previously thought. [10] Working with colleagues at the Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, a group led by Harvard Professor of Physics Mikhail Lukin and MIT Professor of Physics Vladan Vuletic have managed to coax photons into binding together to form molecules – a state of matter that, until recently, had been purely theoretical. The work is described in a September 25 paper in Nature. New ideas for interactions and particles: This paper examines the possibility to origin the Spontaneously Broken Symmetries from the Planck Distribution Law. This way we get a Unification of the Strong, Electromagnetic, and Weak Interactions from the interference occurrences of oscillators. Understanding that the relativistic mass change is the result of the magnetic induction we arrive to the conclusion that the Gravitational Force is also based on the electromagnetic forces, getting a Unified Relativistic Quantum Theory of all 4 Interactions.
Category: Condensed Matter

[192] viXra:1808.0241 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-18 04:48:49

Pairing Properties of Nuclei

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

A team of Ohio University nuclear physicists has proposed a new theoretical model for calculating pairing properties of atomic nuclei including those found in extreme astrophysical environments. [28] In nature, the nuclear reactions that form stars are often accompanied by astronomically high amounts of energy, sometimes over billions of years. [27] Dark matter halos are theoretical bodies inside which galaxies are suspended; the halo's mass dominates the total mass. [26] An international team of researchers extended their results from a previous study to directly measure the cosmic-ray all-electron (electron + positron) spectrum in an energy range from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET). [25] Mysterious radiation emitted from distant corners of the galaxy could finally be explained with efforts to recreate a unique state of matter that blinked into existence in the first moments after the Big Bang. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18]
Category: Astrophysics

[191] viXra:1808.0240 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-30 08:42:06

Generating the Universe from Scratch

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 4 Pages. The document is part of the Hilbert Book Model Project

The creator created the universe from scratch, and after that instant, the creator left his creatures alone. The observers under these creatures can read the historic part of the read-only repository in which the creator archived the universe.
Category: Quantum Physics

[190] viXra:1808.0239 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 07:54:00

Biofield Energy Healing Based Vitamin D3: An Improved Overall Bone Health Activity in MG-63 Cell Line

Authors: Karen Byrnes Allen, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 8 Pages.

The potential of The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing vitamin D3 and DMEM medium was investigated in human bone osteosarcoma cells (MG-63). The Test Items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM were separated into two parts. Bone health parameters were tested such as Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme (ALP) activity, collagen levels and bone mineralization. The Test Items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM medium were divided into two parts. The test samples received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Karen Byrnes Allen and samples were defined as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were denoted as the Untreated test items (UT). Cell viability using MTT assay exhibited increased cell viability more than 71% with safe and nontoxic profile among test samples on MG-63 cell line. The level of ALP was significantly increased by116.4% at 50µg/mL in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 35.6%, 81.2%, and 47.9% at 10, 50 and 100 μg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group. In addition, ALP level was increased by 42.3% and 90.6% at 10 and 50 μg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+BT-TI groups as compared with the untreated group. The level of collagen was significantly increased by 10.5% and 110.1% at 0.1 and 1 μg/mL, respectively in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 22.6% and 190.6% at 0.1 and 1µg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased collagen level by 140.6% and 39.9% at 0.1 and 1 µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. The percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 128.7% at 50 μg/mL, in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 34.1%, 154.7%, and 18.7% at 1, 10, and 50 μg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased bone mineralization by 105.7%, 78.1%, and 39.6% at 1, 10, and 50 μg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated group. Thus, the study results concluded that The Trivedi Effect® Treatment would be the best alternative treatment for the maintenance of strong and healthy bones and quality of life. Further, it regulates the osteoblast function and improved the level of collagen, ALP, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disorders along with wide range of adverse bone health conditions.
Category: Biochemistry

[189] viXra:1808.0238 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 07:54:36

Improved Overall Bone Health Activity in MG-63 Cell Line after Biofield Energy Healing Treatment on Vitamin D3.

Authors: Kathleen Starr Vagt, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 10 Pages.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of The Trivedi Effect®-Consciousness Energy Healing based vitamin D3 and DMEM medium on bone health parameters in vitro using MG-63 cells. The parameters of bone health tested are alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) activity, collagen levels and bone mineralization. The test items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM medium were divided into two parts. The test samples received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Kathleen Starr Vagt and samples were defined as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were denoted as the untreated test items (UT). Cell viability using MTT assay exhibited increased cell viability more than 72% with safe and nontoxic profile among test samples on MG-63 cell line. ALP was significantly increased by 140.8% (50 µg/mL), 167.3% (100 µg/mL),and 223.5% (50 µg/mL) in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI groups, respectively as compared with the untreated group. The level of collagen was significantly increased by 120.7% and 93% at 1 and 10 µg/mL, respectively in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 46.7%, 100.9%, and 29.2% at 1, 10, and 50 µg/mL, respectively in BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased collagen level by 60.9%, 93%, and 14.4% at 1, 10, and 50 µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. The percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 95.9% at 100 µg/mL in the UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 162% and 35.5% at 50 and 100 µg/mL, respectively in the BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased bone mineralization by 57% and 107.4% at 50 and 100 µg/mL, respectively as compared with the untreated group.T hus, the study results concluded that The Trivedi Effect Treatment would be the best alternative treatment for the maintenance of strong and healthy bones and quality of life. Further, it regulates the osteoblast function and improved the level of collagen, ALP, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disorders along with wide range of adverse bone health conditions.
Category: Biochemistry

[188] viXra:1808.0237 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 07:55:06

An Alternative Therapeutic Approach on Bone Cells Differentiation after Administration of Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 in MG-63 Cell line

Authors: Eileen Mary Meagher, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 6 Pages.

The objective of the current experiment was to evaluate the potential of Consciousness Energy Healing-based test items (Vitamin D3 and DMEM) on bone parameters. Both the TI were distributed into two individual parts. One part of each samples was received Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Eileen Mary Meagher and those samples were labelled as the Biofield Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each samples were denoted as the untreated test items (UT). Cell viability data showed more than 71% viable cells signifies a safe and nontoxic profile of test items on MG-63 cell line. ALP was significantly increased by 132.18% and 126.52% in BT-DMEM+UT-TI and BT-DMEM+BT-TI, respectively at 50 µg/mL; while 139.06% (at 0.1 µg/mL) in UT-DMEM+BT-TI compared to untreated. Collagen was significantly increased by 172.76% at 1 µg/mL in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, while 89.65% in BT-DMEM+UT-TI at 10 µg/mL than untreated. Additionally, collagen was significantly increased by 111.2% in BT-DMEM+UT-TI at 50 µg/mL, while 113.16% in BT-DMEM+BT-TI at 100 µg/mL than untreated. The percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 206.21%, 168.74%, and 224.82% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI, respectively at 0.1 µg/mL compared with the untreated. In addition, percent of bone mineralization data showed a significant increased by 190.63%, 181.07%, and 245.41% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI, respectively at 1 µg/mL than untreated. Moreover, at 10 µg/mL it was significantly increased by 129.44%, 111.76%, and 109.81% in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI, respectively at 10 µg/mL with respect to untreated. Based on the study outcomes it emphasized that Biofield Energy Treatment could regulates the osteoblast function, improves bone mineralization, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disorders along with wide range of autoimmune diseases.
Category: Biochemistry

[187] viXra:1808.0236 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 08:00:25

Biological Clocks in Light Fluctuation

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 60 Pages.

Anyone who has experienced jet lag knows the power of the biological clock. [27] Using X-ray laser technology, a team led by researchers of the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI has recorded one of the fastest processes in biology. [26] A Virginia Commonwealth University researcher has developed a procedure for identifying the source of cells present in a forensic biological sample that could change how cell types are identified in samples across numerous industries. [25] In work at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Maryland in College Park, researchers have devised and demonstrated a new way to measure free energy. [24] A novel technique developed by researchers at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP) will help shine new light on biological questions by improving the quality and quantity of information that can be extracted in fluorescence microscopy. [23] Micro-computed tomography or "micro-CT" is X-ray imaging in 3-D, by the same method used in hospital CT (or "CAT") scans, but on a small scale with massively increased resolution. [22] A new experimental method permits the X-ray analysis of amyloids, a class of large, filamentous biomolecules which are an important hallmark of diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. [12]
Category: Physics of Biology

[186] viXra:1808.0234 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 09:03:49

Dark Matter Search with Gravitational Wave Detectors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

According to a new study, they could also potentially detect dark matter, if dark matter is composed of a particular kind of particle called a "dark photon." [18] A global team of scientists, including two University of Mississippi physicists, has found that the same instruments used in the historic discovery of gravitational waves caused by colliding black holes could help unlock the secrets of dark matter, a mysterious and as-yet-unobserved component of the universe. [17] The lack of so-called " dark photons " in electron-positron collision data rules out scenarios in which these hypothetical particles explain the muon's magnetic moment. [16] By reproducing the complexity of the cosmos through unprecedented simulations, a new study highlights the importance of the possible behaviour of very high-energy photons. In their journey through intergalactic magnetic fields, such photons could be transformed into axions and thus avoid being absorbed. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[185] viXra:1808.0233 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 09:49:42

The Exponential Function and its Infinite Product

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 4 Pages.

I derive some infinite product representations for the exponential function.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[184] viXra:1808.0231 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 12:22:04

The Tau Lepton Mass (1776.84 Mev) Signals the Completion of Signing of the Declaration of Independence

Authors: George R. Briggs
Comments: 1 Page.

Abstract: It is observed that the mass of the tau lepton matches closely the date of the last signing of the Declaration of Independence
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[183] viXra:1808.0230 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 12:09:51

Anti-Laser of Ultracold Atoms

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

An international team of scientists developed the world's first anti-laser for a nonlinear Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17] Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD have realized the control of thermal and electrical currents in nanoscale devices by means of quantum local observations. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[182] viXra:1808.0229 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 13:42:24

Key Mechanism of DNA Replication

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

Researchers from Osaka University in Japan have uncovered a key control mechanism of DNA replication with potential implications for better understanding how cells maintain genetic information to prevent diseases or cancer. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9]
Category: Physics of Biology

[181] viXra:1808.0224 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 01:41:35

Quantum and Laser Chaos

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

To tame chaos in powerful semiconductor lasers, which causes instabilities, scientists have introduced another kind of chaos. [26] An international team of scientists developed the world's first anti-laser for a nonlinear Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17] Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD have realized the control of thermal and electrical currents in nanoscale devices by means of quantum local observations. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[180] viXra:1808.0223 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-10 06:29:43

Statistics of Psychological Observations: an Introduction for Cocky Beach Girls.

Authors: Johan Noldus
Comments: 2 Pages.

In order to further dessiminate my work on psychological interactions, we describe situations in real life which are prone to quantum mechanical effects. The cocky beach girls have now the opportunity to test such important things in life.
Category: Social Science

[179] viXra:1808.0222 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 03:48:53

Human-Computer Communication

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

Many of us regularly ask our smartphones for directions or to play music without giving much thought to the technology that makes it all possible – we just want a quick, accurate response to our voice commands. [26] According to the experts this incredible feat will be achieved in the year 2062 – a mere 44 years away – which certainly begs the question: what will the world, our jobs, the economy, politics, war, and everyday life and death, look like then? [25] While it is undeniable that AI has opened up a wealth of promising opportunities, it has also led to the emergence of a mindset that can be best described as "AI solutionism". [24] Intel's Gadi Singer believes his most important challenge is his latest: using artificial intelligence (AI) to reshape scientific exploration. [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[178] viXra:1808.0221 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 04:12:43

Personal X-Ray

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 67 Pages.

All these applications would benefit from the creation of more flexible digital X-ray detectors. [39] In a recent study featured on the March 2018 cover of Nature Photonics, researchers developed a new holographic method called in-flight holography. With this method, they were able to demonstrate the first X-ray holograms of nano-sized viruses that were not attached to any surface. [38] A paper published in the journal Physical Review X presents evidence of a radiation reaction occurring when a high-intensity laser pulse collides with a high-energy electron beam. [37] Researchers from Würzburg and London have succeeded in controlling the coupling of light and matter at room temperature. [36] Researchers have, for the first time, integrated two technologies widely used in applications such as optical communications, bio-imaging and Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) systems that scan the surroundings of self-driving cars and trucks. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29]
Category: Physics of Biology

[177] viXra:1808.0220 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-17 04:51:27

AI for Code

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

We have seen significant recent progress in pattern analysis and machine intelligence applied to images, audio and video signals, and natural language text, but not as much applied to another artifact produced by people: computer program source code. [24] Intel's Gadi Singer believes his most important challenge is his latest: using artificial intelligence (AI) to reshape scientific exploration. [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[176] viXra:1808.0219 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-17 16:12:07

Rubidium as THE Radioactive Minimal Standard - v3

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

a very brief explanation of why we should be using rubidium as the primary minimal standard for radioactivity
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[175] viXra:1808.0218 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 06:58:03

Security Gaps in IPsec

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 58 Pages.

In collaboration with colleagues from Opole University in Poland, researchers at Horst Görtz Institute for IT Security (HGI) at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) have demonstrated that the internet protocol IPsec is vulnerable to attacks. [35] As cloud storage becomes more common, data security is an increasing concern. [34] Scientists of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Russia) have proposed a scheme for optical encoding of information based on the formation of wave fronts, and which works with spatially incoherent illumination. [33] A joint China-Austria team has performed quantum key distribution between the quantum-science satellite Micius and multiple ground stations located in Xinglong (near Beijing), Nanshan (near Urumqi), and Graz (near Vienna). [32] In the race to build a computer that mimics the massive computational power of the human brain, researchers are increasingly turning to memristors, which can vary their electrical resistance based on the memory of past activity. [31] Engineers worldwide have been developing alternative ways to provide greater memory storage capacity on even smaller computer chips. Previous research into two-dimensional atomic sheets for memory storage has failed to uncover their potential— until now. [30] Scientists used spiraling X-rays at the Lab) to observe, for the first time, a property that gives handedness to swirling electric patterns – dubbed polar vortices – in a synthetically layered material. [28] To build tomorrow's quantum computers, some researchers are turning to dark excitons, which are bound pairs of an electron and the absence of an electron called a hole. [27] Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[174] viXra:1808.0217 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 07:17:14

Quantum Field Theory Explains the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe.quantum Field Theory Explains the Accelerated Expansion of the Universe.

Authors: Elkin Igor Vladimirovich
Comments: 6 Pages. ielkin@yandex.ru

Expansion of the universe by Hubble, allows you to calculate the expansion at a minimum distance. This leads to the fact that the limiting speed of information transfer varies depending on the distance and depending on the local site in question. This gives a different interaction when the particles are repelled from each other and when they are attracted. This leads to the appearance of a nonzero residual interaction. And this leads to an explanation of the accelerated expansion.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[173] viXra:1808.0216 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 07:21:44

Intel Processor Vulnerability

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 60 Pages.

A newly discovered processor vulnerability could potentially put secure information at risk in any Intel-based PC manufactured since 2008. [36] In collaboration with colleagues from Opole University in Poland, researchers at Horst Görtz Institute for IT Security (HGI) at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) have demonstrated that the internet protocol IPsec is vulnerable to attacks. [35] As cloud storage becomes more common, data security is an increasing concern. [34] Scientists of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Russia) have proposed a scheme for optical encoding of information based on the formation of wave fronts, and which works with spatially incoherent illumination. [33] A joint China-Austria team has performed quantum key distribution between the quantum-science satellite Micius and multiple ground stations located in Xinglong (near Beijing), Nanshan (near Urumqi), and Graz (near Vienna). [32] In the race to build a computer that mimics the massive computational power of the human brain, researchers are increasingly turning to memristors, which can vary their electrical resistance based on the memory of past activity. [31] Engineers worldwide have been developing alternative ways to provide greater memory storage capacity on even smaller computer chips. Previous research into two-dimensional atomic sheets for memory storage has failed to uncover their potential— until now. [30] Scientists used spiraling X-rays at the Lab) to observe, for the first time, a property that gives handedness to swirling electric patterns – dubbed polar vortices – in a synthetically layered material. [28] To build tomorrow's quantum computers, some researchers are turning to dark excitons, which are bound pairs of an electron and the absence of an electron called a hole. [27]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[172] viXra:1808.0215 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 07:46:58

Equifax Data Breach

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 62 Pages.

When the Equifax data breach impacting nearly 147 million people occurred just over a year ago most consumers took little to no action to protect themselves despite the risk of identity theft, University of Michigan researchers found. [37] A newly discovered processor vulnerability could potentially put secure information at risk in any Intel-based PC manufactured since 2008. [36] In collaboration with colleagues from Opole University in Poland, researchers at Horst Görtz Institute for IT Security (HGI) at Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) have demonstrated that the internet protocol IPsec is vulnerable to attacks. [35] As cloud storage becomes more common, data security is an increasing concern. [34] Scientists of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Russia) have proposed a scheme for optical encoding of information based on the formation of wave fronts, and which works with spatially incoherent illumination. [33] A joint China-Austria team has performed quantum key distribution between the quantum-science satellite Micius and multiple ground stations located in Xinglong (near Beijing), Nanshan (near Urumqi), and Graz (near Vienna). [32] In the race to build a computer that mimics the massive computational power of the human brain, researchers are increasingly turning to memristors, which can vary their electrical resistance based on the memory of past activity. [31] Engineers worldwide have been developing alternative ways to provide greater memory storage capacity on even smaller computer chips. Previous research into two-dimensional atomic sheets for memory storage has failed to uncover their potential— until now. [30] Scientists used spiraling X-rays at the Lab) to observe, for the first time, a property that gives handedness to swirling electric patterns – dubbed polar vortices – in a synthetically layered material. [28] To build tomorrow's quantum computers, some researchers are turning to dark excitons, which are bound pairs of an electron and the absence of an electron called a hole. [27]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[171] viXra:1808.0214 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 08:15:10

Negative Gravity Phonon

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 23 Pages.

A trio of physicists with Columbia University is making waves with a new theory about phonons—they suggest they might have negative mass, and because of that, have negative gravity. [15] The basic quanta of light (photon) and sound (phonon) are bosonic particles that largely obey similar rules and are in general very good analogs of one another. [14] A research team led by physicists at LMU Munich reports a significant advance in laser-driven particle acceleration. [13] And now, physicists at the) and their collaborators have demonstrated that computers are ready to tackle the universe's greatest mysteries. [12] The Nuclear Physics with Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics Collaboration (NPLQCD), under the umbrella of the U.S. Quantum Chromodynamics Collaboration, performed the first model-independent calculation of the rate for proton-proton fusion directly from the dynamics of quarks and gluons using numerical techniques. [11] Nuclear physicists are now poised to embark on a new journey of discovery into the fundamental building blocks of the nucleus of the atom. [10] The drop of plasma was created in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It is made up of two types of subatomic particles: quarks and gluons. Quarks are the building blocks of particles like protons and neutrons, while gluons are in charge of the strong interaction force between quarks. The new quark-gluon plasma is the hottest liquid that has ever been created in a laboratory at 4 trillion C (7 trillion F). Fitting for a plasma like the one at the birth of the universe. [9] Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Lattice QCD gives the same results as the diffraction patterns of the electromagnetic oscillators, explaining the color confinement and the asymptotic freedom of the Strong Interactions.
Category: Condensed Matter

[170] viXra:1808.0213 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 08:40:09

Aurichalcum of Atlantis

Authors: Leon Elshout
Comments: 1 Page.

The aurichalcum in the temple of Poseidon on Atlantis was most likely an imitation of the copper plates in Exodus 30:18 and of the red gold of Parvaim in 2 Chronicles 3:6. Read my book on Atlantis as Endtimes Babylon: http://roodgoudvanparvaim.nl/
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[169] viXra:1808.0212 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 09:13:56

Neutron Stars Answer Neutron Puzzle

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 60 Pages.

Free neutrons decay in about 900 s but, bound in nuclei, they are stable and make up somewhat more than half the mass of the visible universe." [34] The occasional decay of neutrons into dark matter particles could solve a long-standing discrepancy in neutron decay experiments. [33] The U.S. Department of Energy has approved funding and start of construction for the SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment, which will begin operations in the early 2020s to hunt for hypothetical dark matter particles called weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs. [32] Thanks to low-noise superconducting quantum amplifiers invented at the University of California, Berkeley, physicists are now embarking on the most sensitive search yet for axions, one of today's top candidates for dark matter. [31] The Axion Dark Matter Experiment (ADMX) at the University of Washington in Seattle has finally reached the sensitivity needed to detect axions if they make up dark matter, physicists report today in Physical Review Letters. [30] Now our new study – which hints that extremely light particles called neutrinos are likely to make up some of the dark matter – challenges our current understanding of its composition. [29] A new particle detector design proposed at the) could greatly broaden the search for dark matter—which makes up 85 percent of the total mass of the universe yet we don't know what it's made of—into an unexplored realm. [28] University of Houston scientists are helping to develop a technology that could hold the key to unraveling one of the great mysteries of science: what constitutes dark matter? [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26]
Category: Astrophysics

[168] viXra:1808.0211 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-23 03:06:17

Coulomb Electric Gravity And A Simple Unified Theory (SUT)

Authors: chan Rasjid Kah Chew
Comments: 10 Pages.

SUT is an aether theory. The fundamental substance of the universe is the electric charge, positive and negative. The aether is the substance of space, a superposition of two uniform charge density +ρ_a and −ρ_a . There is only a single universal force, the Coulomb electrical forces of attraction and repulsion. Gravitation is the result of a small excess of Coulomb attraction over repulsion. There is no neutron within the nucleus of atoms; it is just another proton within the nucleus plus a nuclear electron. Mass conservation is valid in itself without the need of mass-energy equivalence. SUT develops an electric mechanics with no need of a mass having an independent physical dimension. An electric mass defined as the magnitude of electric charge × volume completely replaces the gravitational mass concept. Newton’s three laws of motion is now adapted based only on the three dimensions elec- tric charge, space length and time. The space of electric mechanics is now an absolute frame of reference, the frame of the aether in which the speed of light is a constant.
Category: Classical Physics

[167] viXra:1808.0210 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 09:46:39

Magnetic Antiparticles for Information Technologies

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Nanosized magnetic particles called skyrmions are considered highly promising candidates for new data storage and information technologies. [32] They do this by using "excitons," electrically neutral quasiparticles that exist in insulators, semiconductors and in some liquids. [31] Researchers at ETH Zurich have now developed a method that makes it possible to couple such a spin qubit strongly to microwave photons. [30] Quantum dots that emit entangled photon pairs on demand could be used in quantum communication networks. [29] Researchers successfully integrated the systems—donor atoms and quantum dots. [28] A team of researchers including U of A engineering and physics faculty has developed a new method of detecting single photons, or light particles, using quantum dots. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21]
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[166] viXra:1808.0209 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 10:21:38

Hole-Based Artificial Qubit

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

A UNSW study published this week resolves key challenges in creation of hole-based artificial atoms, with excellent potential for more-stable, faster, more scalable quantum computing. [26] Scientists at Tsinghua University and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, have demonstrated the ability to control the states of matter, thus controlling internal resistance, within multilayered, magnetically doped semiconductors using the quantum anomalous Hall effect. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[165] viXra:1808.0208 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 11:10:29

(Ip-GP Version 1.0 15 Pages 14.08.2018) on the Intrinsic Paradox of the Geometric Point Definition (Solved Using the Included Middle Logic) as the Main Cause of Euclid’s Postulate “inaccuracy”, Allowing the Existence not Only of Non-Euclidean Geomet

Authors: Andrei Lucian Dragoi
Comments: 15 Pages.

This paper brings to attention the intrinsic paradox of the geometric point (GP) definition, a paradox solved in this paper by using Stéphane Lupasco’s Included Middle Logic (IML) (which was stated by Basarab Nicolescu as one of the three pillars of transdisciplinarity [TD]) and its extended form: based on IML, a new “t-metamathematics” (tMM) (including a t-metageometry[tMG]) is proposed, which may explain the main cause of Euclid’s parallel postulate (EPP) “inaccuracy”, allowing the existence not only of non-Euclidean geometries (nEGs), but also the existence of new EPP variants. tMM has far-reaching implications, including the help in redefining the basics of Einstein’s General relativity theory (GRT), quantum field theory (QFT), superstring theories (SSTs) and M-theory (MT). KEYWORDS (including a list of main abbreviations): geometric point (GP); Stéphane Lupasco’s Included Middle Logic (IML); Basarab Nicolescu, transdisciplinarity (TD); “t-metamathematics” (tMM); t-metageometry (tMG); Euclid’s parallel postulate (EPP); non-Euclidean geometries; new EPP variants; Einstein’s General relativity theory (GRT); quantum field theory (QFT); superstring theories (SSTs); M-theory (MT);
Category: Geometry

[164] viXra:1808.0207 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 11:22:40

More Sine Function at Rational Argument, Product of Gamma Functions and Infinite Product Representations

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 9 Pages.

I derived an identity involving gamma functions and sine function at rational argument; hence, the representation of infinite product arose.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[163] viXra:1808.0206 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-18 16:33:06

The Balan-Killing Manifolds

Authors: Antoine Balan
Comments: 2 pages, written in english

We define here the notion of Balan-Killing manifolds which are spin manifolds whose metrics verify a certain differential equation. We take our inspiration from the notion of Killing spinors.
Category: Geometry

[162] viXra:1808.0205 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-17 12:24:57

Scalar Theory of Everything Replacement of Special Relativity

Authors: John Hodge
Comments: 8 Pages.

The Special Theory of Relativity applies where gravitation is insignificant. There are many observations that remain poorly explained by the standard models of either the big of cosmology or the small of Quantum mechanics. Each of the STOE axioms has been used in the development of models of observations in the big and the small. The strength of the Scalar Theory Of Everything (STOE) is its ability to describe an extremely wide range of observations and to predict observations. The axioms that replace Special Relativity are: (1) Time progression (d$t$) is a constant in the universe rather than the speed of light. (2) The diameter of the hods is the same throughout the universe. (3) The distance between hods is related to plenum density$\rho$. Higher $\rho$ reduces the distance between hods. (4) The speed of photons and hods is the greatest of any matter in a given environment. And (5) The speed of the plenum wave is much faster than the speed of the hods. The STOE passes the tests of Special Relativity and does much more. The STOE is a major paradigm shift.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[161] viXra:1808.0202 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 21:33:00

Tetrahedral Discretizations of the Schrödinger Operator for the Purposes of Quantum Chemistry

Authors: Ruslan Sharipov
Comments: Designed for double sided printing, US Letter size, 35 pages, 5 color figures

Tetrahedral discretizations of the multielectron Schrödinger operator are suggested. They is based on tetrahedral triangulations of domains in R3. Theoretical results proving that these discretizations are able to approximate energy levels of electrons in atoms and molecules are obtained.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[160] viXra:1808.0201 [pdf] replaced on 2019-08-29 00:31:40

The Behavior of Primes

Authors: Ihsan Raja Muda Nasution
Comments: 2 Pages.

In this paper, we propose the axiomatic regularity of prime numbers.
Category: Number Theory

[159] viXra:1808.0194 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-16 04:39:56

Ion Conductor Quantum Material

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

The research centers on a material called samarium nickelate, which is a quantum material, meaning its performance taps into quantum mechanical interactions. [23] An international team consisting of Russian and German scientists has made a breakthrough in the creation of seemingly impossible materials. They have created the world's first quantum metamaterial that can be used as a control element in superconducting electrical circuits. [22] ETH physicists have developed a silicon wafer that behaves like a topological insulator when stimulated using ultrasound. They have thereby succeeded in turning an abstract theoretical concept into a macroscopic product. [21] Cheng Chin, professor in the Department of Physics, and his team looked at an experimental setup of tens of thousands of atoms cooled down to near absolute zero. As the system crossed a quantum phase transition, they measured its behavior with an extremely sensitive imaging system. [20] Scientists from three UK universities are to test one of the fundamental laws of physics as part of a major Europe-wide project awarded more than £3m in funding. ]19] A team of researchers has devised a simple way to tune a hallmark quantum effect in graphene—the material formed from a single layer of carbon atoms—by bathing it in light. [18] Researchers from the University of Cambridge have taken a peek into the secretive domain of quantum mechanics. [17] Scientists at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, recently reengineered their data processing, demonstrating that 16 million atoms were entangled in a one-centimetre crystal. [15] The fact that it is possible to retrieve this lost information reveals new insight into the fundamental nature of quantum measurements, mainly by supporting the idea that quantum measurements contain both quantum and classical components. [14] Researchers blur the line between classical and quantum physics by connecting chaos and entanglement. [13]
Category: Condensed Matter

[158] viXra:1808.0191 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 07:38:32

An Image for F(z)=ln(2z+tan z)

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 3 Pages.

This note presents an image related with the function f(z)=ln(2z+tan z).
Category: General Mathematics

[157] viXra:1808.0190 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 07:42:35

Gradshteyn and Ryzhik , Page 578 , Integral 4.371.1

Authors: Edgar Valdebenito
Comments: 5 Pages.

Some remarks on the integral 4.371.1 in G&R table of integrals.
Category: Number Theory

[156] viXra:1808.0189 [pdf] replaced on 2018-11-22 06:41:46

RxCxHxO-valued Gravity as a Grand Unified Field Theory

Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 22 Pages. Submitted to Advances in Applied Clifford Algebras

It is argued how {\bf R} $\otimes$ {\bf C} $\otimes$ {\bf H} $\otimes$ {\bf O}-valued Gravity (real-complex-quaterno-octonionic Gravity) naturally can describe a Grand Unified Field theory of Einstein's gravity with a Yang-Mills theory containing the Standard Model group $SU(3) \times SU(2) \times U(1)$. In particular, it leads to a $[SU(4)]^4$ symmetry group revealing the possibility of extending the standard model by introducing additional gauge bosons, heavy quarks and leptons, and an extra $fourth$ family of fermions. We finalize by displaying the analog of the Einstein-Hilbert action for ${\bf R} \otimes {\bf C} \otimes {\bf H} \otimes {\bf O}$-valued gravity via the use of matrices, and which is based on ``coloring" the graviton; i.e. by attaching internal indices to the metric $g_{\mu \nu}$. In the most general case, $U(16)$ arises as the isometry group, while $U(8)$ is the isometry group in the split-octonion case.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[155] viXra:1808.0188 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 10:27:43

Holonomic Quantum Gates

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 60 Pages.

Researchers have demonstrated holonomic quantum gates under zero-magnetic field at room temperature, which could enable the realization of fast and fault-tolerant universal quantum computers. [36] In the meantime, researchers are busy dreaming up uses for small quantum computers and mapping out the landscape of problems they'll be suited to solving. [35] New research gives insight into a recent experiment that was able to manipulate an unprecedented number of atoms through a quantum simulator. This new theory could provide another step on the path to creating the elusive quantum computers. [34] Chinese scientists Xianmin Jin and his colleagues from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have successfully fabricated the largest-scaled quantum chip and demonstrated the first two-dimensional quantum walks of single photons in real spatial space, which may provide a powerful platform to boost analog quantum computing for quantum supremacy. [33]
Category: Quantum Physics

[154] viXra:1808.0186 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 11:05:41

Hot Schrodinger Coffee

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 44 Pages.

A new uncertainty relation, linking the precision with which temperature can be measured and quantum mechanics, has been discovered at the University of Exeter. [28] Physicists have demonstrated that energy quantization can improve the efficiency of a single-atom heat engine to exceed the performance of its classical counterpart. [27] A solid can serve as a medium for heat and sound wave interactions just like a fluid does for thermoacoustic engines and refrigerators-resulting in leak-free machines that can stay operating longer. [26] Like watchmakers choosing superior materials to build a fine timepiece, physicists at the Centre for Quantum Technologies (CQT) at the National University of Singapore have singled out an atom that could allow them to build better atomic clocks. [25] Yale physicists have uncovered hints of a time crystal—a form of matter that "ticks" when exposed to an electromagnetic pulse—in the last place they expected: a crystal you might find in a child's toy. [24] The research shows that concentrated electrolytes in solution affect hydrogen bonding, ion interactions, and coordination geometries in currently unpredictable ways. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient.
Category: Quantum Physics

[153] viXra:1808.0185 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 12:08:53

Accurate Quantum Energy Difference

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17] Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD have realized the control of thermal and electrical currents in nanoscale devices by means of quantum local observations. [16] Physicists have proposed a new type of Maxwell's demon—the hypothetical agent that extracts work from a system by decreasing the system's entropy—in which the demon can extract work just by making a measurement, by taking advantage of quantum fluctuations and quantum superposition. [15]
Category: Quantum Physics

[152] viXra:1808.0184 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 12:28:26

Artificial Quantum Material for Computers

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

Beijing, have demonstrated the ability to control the states of matter, thus controlling internal resistance, within multilayered, magnetically doped semiconductors using the quantum anomalous Hall effect. [25] A kiwi physicist has discovered the energy difference between two quantum states in the helium atom with unprecedented accuracy, a groundbreaking discovery that contributes to our understanding of the universe and space-time and rivals the work of the world's most expensive physics project, the Large Hadron Collider. [24] Physicists and material scientists have succeeded in constructing a motor and an energy storage device from one single component. [23] Heat pipes are devices to keep critical equipment from overheating. They transfer heat from one point to another through an evaporation-condensation process and are used in everything from cell phones and laptops to air conditioners and spacecraft. [22] Now, researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed an algorithm that can discover and optimize these materials in a matter of months, relying on solving quantum mechanical equations, without any experimental input. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[151] viXra:1808.0183 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 13:46:48

Beacon for Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 61 Pages.

By measuring intracluster light, scientists could " perhaps learn something about the nature of dark matter, " says astrophysicist James Bullock of the University of California, Irvine, who was not involved with the research. [33] For almost 10 years, astronomers have been studying a mysterious diffuse radiation coming from the centre of our galaxy. [32] Deep beneath a mountain in the Apennine range in Italy, an intricate apparatus searches for the dark matter of the universe. [31] A Multiverse—where our Universe is only one of many—might not be as inhospitable to life as previously thought, according to new research. [30] Astrophysicists from the University of Surrey and the University of Edinburgh have created a new method to measure the amount of dark matter at the centre of tiny "dwarf" galaxies. [29] A research team of multiple institutes, including the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and University of Tokyo, released an unprecedentedly wide and sharp dark matter map based on the newly obtained imaging data by Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25]
Category: Astrophysics

[150] viXra:1808.0182 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 00:34:25

Kepler`s Laws After Simple Alteration Sectoral Speed and Replace the Orbital Velocity Another Measure

Authors: Oleg Tcherepanov
Comments: 3 Pages. Title of papir by rassian language:

The replacement of the sectorial velocity of the N-th planet of the Solar system by the ratio of the area within the orbit to the annual period estimated in solar days reveals that the obtained renormalization analogs of the area characteristics of the elliptical motions of the terrestrial planets have values close to integers. This allows us to introduce into astrophysics the concept of area-velocity, acceptable for a number of satellites of the Sun. In addition, the identical transformations of the formula of the third Kepler's law convince that in the system of two spheroids, for example, such as the Earth and the Moon, the mechanical motion in the form of quadra-velocity is divided between the components of the gravitational dipole inversely proportional to their masses. In this case, the scalar area-and quadra-velocities of celestial spheroids do not obey the сhrono-geometric metrology of astronomical observations. Background and applications of non-standard metrology of observed movements are presented in detail in the monograph ISBN 978-3-659-60213-9 (Palmarium Academic Publishing).
Category: Astrophysics

[149] viXra:1808.0181 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-28 23:30:57

Turbulence in Fluid Flow Analyzed Simply

Authors: A. A. Frempong
Comments: 5 Pages. Copyright © by A. A. Frempong

The fluid flow in the Navier-Stokes solution may be characterized as follows. The x-direction solution consists of linear, parabolic, and hyperbolic terms. The first three terms characterize polynomial parabolas. The characteristic curve for the integral of the x-nonlinear term is a radical parabola. The integral of the y-nonlinear term is similar parabolically to that of the x-nonlinear term. The integral of the z-nonlinear term is a combination of two radical parabolas and a hyperbola. The linear terms and the polynomial parabolas are involved in laminar flow. It is illustrated that the linear terms, the polynomial parabolas, the radical parabolas and the hyperbola branches are all involved in turbulent flow,
Category: Mathematical Physics

[148] viXra:1808.0180 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 04:02:30

Equivalent of Brocard's Problem

Authors: Hajime Mashima
Comments: 2 Pages.

Brocard's problem was presented by Henri Brocard in 1876 and 1885. n! + 1 = m2. The number that satisfies this is called "Brown numbers" and three are known: (n;m) = (4; 5); (5; 11); (7:71).
Category: Number Theory

[147] viXra:1808.0179 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 04:09:51

Electron Carries "Hidden" 31,6 GW Field Energy Vortex

Authors: U. Kayser-Herold
Comments: 4 Pages. 4

An electron is enveloped by a "hidden" electromagnetic field-energy circulation vortex of $\approx 31,6$ GW passive power determined by the Poynting-vector field existing around an electron. The energy vortex is most intensive in the proximity of classical electron radius, with maximum in its equatorial plane.\\ A thoretical upper limit of such (non-usable) passive energy circulation is analytically determined by integration of the Poynting-vector field over a specific plane of reference. The result highlights a new singularity problem of classical electron theory.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[146] viXra:1808.0178 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 04:05:47

Radio Waves and Plasmas Interact

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 78 Pages.

Scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles present new research on a curious cosmic phenomenon known as "whistlers"—very low frequency packets of radio waves that race along magnetic field lines. [42] Plasma particle accelerators more powerful than existing machines could help probe some of the outstanding mysteries of our universe, as well as make leaps forward in cancer treatment and security scanning—all in a package that's around a thousandth of the size of current accelerators. [41] The Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has started to assemble a new facility for revolutionary accelerator technologies that could make future accelerators 100 to 1,000 times smaller and boost their capabilities. [40] The authors designed a mechanism based on the deployment of a transport barrier to confine the particles and prevent them from moving from one region of the accelerator to another. "There is strong experimental evidence that there is indeed some new physics lurking in the lepton sector," Dev said. [38]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[145] viXra:1808.0177 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-15 05:06:59

Order Among Disorder

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 24 Pages.

Understanding how these materials mix has implications in industries such as pharmaceuticals and concrete manufacturing, but little is still known about how to best mix them. [17] The scientists identified a shortlist, a kind of "periodic table" of the most designable knot types, i.e. those knots that could easily self-assemble under appropriate physical and chemical conditions. [16] Scientists have now observed for the first time how diamonds grow from seed at an atomic level, and discovered just how big the seeds need to be to kick the crystal growing process into overdrive. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[144] viXra:1808.0176 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 05:09:23

Private Data at AI Risk

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

Vitaly Shmatikov, professor of computer science at Cornell Tech, developed models that determined with more than 90 percent accuracy whether a certain piece of information was used to train a machine learning system. [21] Researchers at King Abdulaziz University, in Saudi Arabia, have recently used Big Data Analytics to detect spatio-temporal events around London, testing the potential of these tools in harnessing valuable live information. [20] To achieve remarkable results in computer vision tasks, deep learning algorithms need to be trained on large-scale annotated datasets that include extensive informationabout every image. [19] Brian Mitchell and Linda Petzold, two researchers at the University of California, have recently applied model-free deep reinforcement learning to models of neural dynamics, achieving very promising results. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[143] viXra:1808.0175 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 05:56:16

Computational Co-Creative Systems

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 37 Pages.

Researchers at UNC Charlotte and the University of Sydney have recently developed a new framework for evaluating creativity in co-creative systems in which humans and computers collaborate on creative tasks. [22] Vitaly Shmatikov, professor of computer science at Cornell Tech, developed models that determined with more than 90 percent accuracy whether a certain piece of information was used to train a machine learning system. [21] Researchers at King Abdulaziz University, in Saudi Arabia, have recently used Big Data Analytics to detect spatio-temporal events around London, testing the potential of these tools in harnessing valuable live information. [20] To achieve remarkable results in computer vision tasks, deep learning algorithms need to be trained on large-scale annotated datasets that include extensive informationabout every image. [19] Brian Mitchell and Linda Petzold, two researchers at the University of California, have recently applied model-free deep reinforcement learning to models of neural dynamics, achieving very promising results. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[142] viXra:1808.0174 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 06:51:14

Graphs of Some Functions and Their Behviour

Authors: Saikat Sarkar
Comments: 8 Pages.

Here i am representing some basic graphs of some known functions and their behaviour.
Category: General Mathematics

[141] viXra:1808.0171 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 08:14:26

Nanoreactor Biocatalytic Cascades

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

A team of researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel has now made such cascades in the lab by encapsulating three enzymes and enzyme cofactors in nanoreactors made from metal-organic framework nanoparticles. [39] Researchers have developed a new form of nanoparticle and associated imaging technique that can detect multiple disease biomarkers, including those for breast cancer, found in deep-tissue in the body. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30]
Category: Physics of Biology

[140] viXra:1808.0168 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 11:21:55

Calculating the Mass of the Neutron in a Better Way with Hce8s Theory

Authors: George R. Briggs
Comments: 2 Pages.

Abstract: Calculation of the mass of the neutron can be done accurately utilizing only the mass of the Z(4430) tetraquark together with an understood factor and another not understood but smaller factor the neutron has in common with the proton
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[139] viXra:1808.0167 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 12:38:39

∞ Solitaire Aka Hope’s Solitaire

Authors: Sam Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

game invented by a super-math-genius XOR God inspired it; you decide
Category: Combinatorics and Graph Theory

[138] viXra:1808.0166 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 16:47:03

Negative Sonic Mass & The Big Bang & Gravity Waves

Authors: David E. Fuller
Comments: 2 Pages.

All Mass is Inverted Reciprocal Mass created as Ballast to Balance Unbound Space Time with the energy/mass density of Quantum Mechanics
Category: Quantum Physics

[137] viXra:1808.0164 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-02 20:15:02

Cellular Automaton Graphics(3)

Authors: Morio Kikuchi
Comments: 58 Pages.

Developping a regular polyhedron on a plane, setting discrete coordinates on the development and applying a boundary condition of regular polyhedron to it, we realize a symmetrical graphics.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[136] viXra:1808.0161 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 03:47:16

Czarnodziurowy Wszechświat a Temperatura Hawkinga ### Black Hole Universe and Hawking Temperature

Authors: Zbigniew Osiak
Comments: 3 Pages. In Polish.

Pokazano, że temperatura Hawkinga Czarnodziurowego Wszechświata jest wprost proporcjonalna do stałej Hubble’a. Oszacowano wartość tej temperatury, moc promieniowania, energię emitowaną w ciągu jednego roku oraz długość fali odpowiadającą maksymalnej mocy promieniowania. ### It has been shown that the Hawking temperature of the Black Hole Universe is directly proportional to the Hubble constant. The value of this temperature, the power of radiation, the energy emitted in one year and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum radiation power were estimated.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[135] viXra:1808.0160 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 03:50:52

Black Hole Universe and Hawking Temperature

Authors: Zbigniew Osiak
Comments: 3 Pages.

It has been shown that the Hawking temperature of the Black Hole Universe is directly proportional to the Hubble constant. The value of this temperature, the power of radiation, the energy emitted in one year and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum radiation power were estimated.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[134] viXra:1808.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-14 03:52:51

Protons Influence Neutron Stars

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

A new study in Nature, co-led by MIT researchers, suggests that some properties of neutron stars may be influenced not only by their multitude of densely packed neutrons, but also by a substantially smaller fraction of protons—positively charged particles that make up just 5 percent of a neutron star. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18] But for rotating black holes, there's a region outside the event horizon where strange and extraordinary things can happen, and these extraordinary possibilities are the focus of a new paper in the American Physical Society journal Physical Review Letters. [17] Astronomers have constructed the first map of the universe based on the positions of supermassive black holes, which reveals the large-scale structure of the universe. [16] Astronomers want to record an image of the heart of our galaxy for the first time: a global collaboration of radio dishes is to take a detailed look at the black hole which is assumed to be located there. [15] A team of researchers from around the world is getting ready to create what might be the first image of a black hole. [14] "There seems to be a mysterious link between the amount of dark matter a galaxy holds and the size of its central black hole, even though the two operate on vastly different scales," said Akos Bogdan of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). [13]
Category: Astrophysics

[133] viXra:1808.0158 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 11:45:22

Perfect Cuboid

Authors: Radomir Majkic
Comments: 4 Pages.

There is no cuboid with all integer edges and face diagonals.
Category: Number Theory

[132] viXra:1808.0157 [pdf] replaced on 2019-01-25 11:12:46

New Research Shall be Initiated in Regard with the Effects of Mood Alternation During Neurological Shutdown

Authors: Peiman Ghasemi
Comments: 4 Pages.

In 1994 the Death With Dignity Act was first passed by Oregon voters successfully, and it became the first law in American history permitting physician-assisted suicide. Pain and negative mental feelings and physical unconsciousness about the future events in the Universe are getting considered as the only disadvantages of the death. Aside of the issues of human cloning and mind uploading for making progress towards eternity of life, complementary researches in-regard-with the effects of mood alternation during neurological shutdown shall be initiated. Alternation on the human feelings by stimulation of the brain's synapses would lead to a more peaceful mental shutdown. The pain's circuit (the circuit of negative emotions during the death) shall be extracted and gets stimulated during the death. The stimulation of the circuit usually begins right after the act of suicide and suppression of the oxygen follow, and then gets followed for about 15 minutes. Since the Brain Research Initiative began in 2013, NIH and the Brain Research Initiative are responsible for further researches on a variety of different brain circuits. The BRAIN Initiative, is a collaborative, public-private research initiative announced by the Obama administration with the goal of supporting the development and application of innovative technologies that can create a dynamic understanding of brain function.
Category: Mind Science

[131] viXra:1808.0155 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 18:21:10

The Complexity of Robust and Resilient $k$-Partition Problems

Authors: Anisse Ismaili, Emi Watanabe
Comments: 3 Pages.

In this paper, we study a $k$-partition problem where a set of agents must be partitioned into a fixed number of $k$ non-empty coalitions. The value of a partition is the sum of the pairwise synergies inside its coalitions. Firstly, we aim at computing a partition that is robust to failures from any set of agents with bounded size. Secondly, we focus on resiliency: when a set of agents fail, others can be moved to replace them. We settle the computational complexity of decision problem \textsc{Robust-$k$-Part} as complete for class $\Sigma_2^P$. We also conjecture that resilient $k$-partition is complete for class $\Sigma_3^P$ under simultaneous replacements, and for class PSPACE under sequential replacements.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[130] viXra:1808.0154 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 21:21:29

On the Properties of the Two-Sided Laplace Transform and the Riemann Hypothesis

Authors: Seong Won Cha
Comments: 22 Pages.

We will show interesting properties of two-sided Laplace transform, mainly of positive even functions. Further, we will also prove that the Laguerre inequalities and generalized Laguerre inequalities are true and finally, the Riemann hypothesis is true.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[129] viXra:1808.0153 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 22:23:29

TensorFlow Tool Interaction with JikesRVM in the Context of Virtual Machine Technologies R&D - A Short Communication On Using TensorFlow Based Informatics in the Domains of Nuclear Physics/Plasma Measurements or Other Similar Applications.

Authors: Nirmal Tej kumar
Comments: 3 Pages. Short Communication

As mentioned in the TITLE above,we are interested in probing “Plasma Measurements” using TensorFlow/JikesRVM/JVM as an Information Processing Framework.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[128] viXra:1808.0152 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 02:11:41

Reading Professor Dmitriev

Authors: Edgars Alksnis
Comments: 25 Pages.

Treasure-house of unexplained and uncomfortable facts in fascinating books of famous Siberian astrogeophysicist allows me to comment on wide range of cosmogeophysical problems, opposing mainstream „explanations”. More data in favour of liquid Earth’s mantle concept. Possibility to ease climatic and seismic stresses by manipulation of „smart energies” from Earth’s surface get some observational support and theoretic background.
Category: Geophysics

[127] viXra:1808.0151 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 03:03:42

The General Property of Matter Discloses Origin of Geopathic Radiations, Black Holes, Threat of LHC and Negative Impact of Radiations of the World Equipment on Health

Authors: V. Korniienko, N. Korniienko, M. Turkin
Comments: 9 Pages.

We have experimentally found out that matter has the quantum electromagnetic field (QEF) which forms interaction of energies of elementary particles of this matter. Therefore impact of any forces on matter causes indignation of her QEF in the form of quantum electromagnetic waves (S-radiations). Therefore under the influence of loadings to which all bodies of the Universe are subject their QEF generates space S-radiations that discloses origin of geopathic radiations. Besides, centrifugal forces which arise in a rotor of the generator of power plant, cause indignation of QEF of a rotor in the form of S-radiations. They induce in stator windings quantum currents which, together with electric current, come to the equipment. Owing to what permanent magnets and all world equipment generate S-radiations which have negative effect on health. For the same reason magnets of the Big hadron collider (LHC), create not only the electromagnetic, but also quantum field which has negative effect on purity of experiments in LHC and the environment. The analysis of space pictures in a range of S-radiations has shown that Black holes form streams of space S-radiations. Therefore, if the power of LHC exceeds admissible, then S-radiations from his quantum field will create the Black hole of such size that it is capable to absorb Earth. Therefore it is necessary to neutralize on the basis of standards quantum currents in the world equipment.
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[126] viXra:1808.0150 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-16 05:50:00

Pure Energy

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 5 Pages. The document is part of the Hilbert Book Model Project

Energy appears in many forms, but this document focusses on the energy that can be transferred between particles. Particles have no limbs, thus the field that embeds them must transfer the energy via suitable field excitations
Category: Quantum Physics

[125] viXra:1808.0149 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-13 04:44:05

Big Data in Smart Cities

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 34 Pages.

Researchers at King Abdulaziz University, in Saudi Arabia, have recently used Big Data Analytics to detect spatio-temporal events around London, testing the potential of these tools in harnessing valuable live information. [20] To achieve remarkable results in computer vision tasks, deep learning algorithms need to be trained on large-scale annotated datasets that include extensive informationabout every image. [19] Brian Mitchell and Linda Petzold, two researchers at the University of California, have recently applied model-free deep reinforcement learning to models of neural dynamics, achieving very promising results. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13] With the help of artificial intelligence, chemists from the University of Basel in Switzerland have computed the characteristics of about two million crystals made up of four chemical elements. The researchers were able to identify 90 previously unknown thermodynamically stable crystals that can be regarded as new materials. [12]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[124] viXra:1808.0148 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 05:23:00

Mysterious X-ray Source

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

An enigmatic X-ray source revealed as part of a data-mining project for high-school students shows unexplored avenues hidden in the vast archive of ESA's XMM-Newton X-ray Observatory. [17] There's nothing quite like an ice cream on a hot day, and eating it before it melts too much is part of the fun. [16] Studying the fleeting actions of electrons in organic materials will now be much easier, thanks to a new method for generating fast X-rays. [15] In a laboratory at the University of Rochester, researchers are using lasers to change the surface of metals in incredible ways, such as making them super water-repellent without the use of special coatings, paints, or solvents. [14]
Category: Astrophysics

[123] viXra:1808.0147 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 05:43:21

The Origin of the Gravitational Force, Inertia and Kinematics of Comic Bodies

Authors: Wei Fan
Comments: 12 Pages.

In physics, the mysterious origin of the gravitational force, inertia and the source of the kinetic energy of stars have long been unsolved problems. In the recent research,I have tried to jump out of the constraint of Newton’s laws and classical mechanics and tried to figure out sources of those universal laws with Potential Theory, and eventually solved problems above.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[122] viXra:1808.0146 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 07:04:15

Asymmetric Proton Hydration

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

How water solvates and transports protons is a fundamental question facing chemists and biologists alike and is vital to our understanding of processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration. [40] A team of physicists from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Stanford University and Europe has captured the clearest glimpse yet of a photochemical reaction—the type of light-fueled molecular transformations responsible for photosynthesis, vision and the ozone layer. [39] Researchers at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have recorded the most detailed atomic movie of gold melting after being blasted by laser light. [38] A team at TU Wien now has the proof behind the speculations that water molecules can form complex bridge-like structures when they accumulate on mineral surfaces. [37] Liquid water sustains life on earth, but its physical properties remain mysterious among scientific researchers. [36] Researchers from the University of Houston and the California Institute of Technology have reported an inexpensive hybrid catalyst capable of splitting water to produce hydrogen, suitable for large-scale commercialization. [35] Scientists at the University of Alberta have applied a machine learning technique using artificial intelligence to perfect and automate atomic-scale manufacturing, something which has never been done before. [34] Chemist Dr. Lars Borchardt and his team at TU Dresden recently achieved a huge breakthrough in the synthesis of nanographenes. [33] Using graphene as a light-sensitive material for light detectors offers significant improvements with respect to materials being used nowadays. [32] The precision of measuring nanoscopic structures could be substantially improved, thanks to research involving the University of Warwick and QuantIC researchers at the University of Glasgow and Heriot Watt University into optical sensing. [31] Researchers at AMOLF and the University of Texas have circumvented this problem with a vibrating glass ring that interacts with light. They thus created a microscale circulator that directionally routes light on an optical chip without using magnets. [30]
Category: Condensed Matter

[121] viXra:1808.0145 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 04:22:21

AI as Shakespeare

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 51 Pages.

Computer scientists in Australia teamed up with an expert in the University of Toronto's department of English to design an algorithm that writes poetry following the rules of rhyme and metre. [29] For the first time, physicists have demonstrated that machine learning can reconstruct a quantum system based on relatively few experimental measurements. [28] AlphaZero plays very unusually; not like a human, but also not like a typical computer. Instead, it plays with "real artificial" intelligence. [27] Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runes—he helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google's DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22] Physicists have found that the structure of certain types of quantum learning algorithms is very similar to their classical counterparts—a finding that will help scientists further develop the quantum versions. [21] We should remain optimistic that quantum computing and AI will continue to improve our lives, but we also should continue to hold companies, organizations, and governments accountable for how our private data is used, as well as the technology's impact on the environment. [20] It's man vs machine this week as Google's artificial intelligence programme AlphaGo faces the world's top-ranked Go player in a contest expected to end in another victory for rapid advances in AI. [19]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[120] viXra:1808.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 06:03:49

On the Geometric Structure of the Spatiotemporal Manifold

Authors: Vu B Ho
Comments: 18 Pages.

In this work we will discuss the geometric structure of the spatiotemporal manifold which appears apparently as a multiverse whose intrinsic geometric structures will be shown to be resulted from geometric interactions between space and time. The geometric and topological structures of the total spatiotemporal manifold are formed from the geometric interactions of the decomposed cells from the base space of the total spatiotemporal manifold which is considered as a fiber bundle. In particular we will discuss in details spacetime which has the mathematical structure of a 6-sphere bundle in which the dynamics of the fibers is resulted from the geometric interactions of different types of decomposed cells that give rise to various relationships between space and time. We also show that the concept of the spatiotemporal manifold being viewed as a multiverse endowed with the structure of a CW complex was in fact suggested by Newton himself in his book Opticks. In Newton’s multiverse, the expansion of space can be seen as a geometric evolution which redistributes to smooth out irregularities of the spatiotemporal manifold.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[119] viXra:1808.0143 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 07:01:09

Generalized Integer Sort

Authors: 문예강
Comments: 5 Pages.

In this article, Describe about an integer sorting algorithm that is better than radix sort and more general than counting sort. It works like quick sort in worst case.
Category: Data Structures and Algorithms

[118] viXra:1808.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 06:54:10

Watson for Cancer Search

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 38 Pages.

The use of Watson for oncology is attracting the glare, not warmth, of the spotlight. Numerous tech watching sites have covered a July 25 STAT report over internal documents which indicated criticism of the Watson for Oncology system. [25] Today my IBM team and my colleagues at the UCSF Gartner lab reported in Nature Methods an innovative approach to generating datasets from non-experts and using them for training in machine learning. [24] Tired of writing your own boring code for new software? Finally, there's an AI that can do it for you. [23] Welcome to Move Mirror, where you move in front of your webcam. [22] Understanding how a robot will react under different conditions is essential to guaranteeing its safe operation. [21] Marculescu, along with ECE Ph.D. student Chieh Lo, has developed a machine learning algorithm—called MPLasso—that uses data to infer associations and interactions between microbes in the GI microbiome. [20] A team of researchers from the University of Muenster in Germany has now demonstrated that this combination is extremely well suited to planning chemical syntheses—so-called retrosyntheses—with unprecedented efficiency. [19] Two physicists at ETH Zurich and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have developed a novel machine-learning algorithm that analyses large data sets describing a physical system and extract from them the essential information needed to understand the underlying physics. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[117] viXra:1808.0141 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 07:39:24

Reinforcement Machine Learning

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

Brian Mitchell and Linda Petzold, two researchers at the University of California, have recently applied model-free deep reinforcement learning to models of neural dynamics, achieving very promising results. [18] Now researchers at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and UC Berkeley have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13] With the help of artificial intelligence, chemists from the University of Basel in Switzerland have computed the characteristics of about two million crystals made up of four chemical elements. The researchers were able to identify 90 previously unknown thermodynamically stable crystals that can be regarded as new materials. [12] The artificial intelligence system's ability to set itself up quickly every morning and compensate for any overnight fluctuations would make this fragile technology much more useful for field measurements, said co-lead researcher Dr Michael Hush from UNSW ADFA. [11]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[116] viXra:1808.0140 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 08:04:29

Enhance Computer Vision

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 32 Pages.

To achieve remarkable results in computer vision tasks, deep learning algorithms need to be trained on large-scale annotated datasets that include extensive informationabout every image. [19] Brian Mitchell and Linda Petzold, two researchers at the University of California, have recently applied model-free deep reinforcement learning to models of neural dynamics, achieving very promising results. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13] With the help of artificial intelligence, chemists from the University of Basel in Switzerland have computed the characteristics of about two million crystals made up of four chemical elements. The researchers were able to identify 90 previously unknown thermodynamically stable crystals that can be regarded as new materials. [12] The artificial intelligence system's ability to set itself up quickly every morning and compensate for any overnight fluctuations would make this fragile technology much more useful for field measurements, said co-lead researcher Dr Michael Hush from UNSW ADFA. [11]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[115] viXra:1808.0139 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-12 08:20:59

Network-Based Topic Modeling

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

Sydney have developed a new network approach to topic models, machine learning strategies that can discover abstract topics and semantic structures within text documents. [20] To achieve remarkable results in computer vision tasks, deep learning algorithms need to be trained on large-scale annotated datasets that include extensive informationabout every image. [19] Brian Mitchell and Linda Petzold, two researchers at the University of California, have recently applied model-free deep reinforcement learning to models of neural dynamics, achieving very promising results. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14] Machine learning algorithms are designed to improve as they encounter more data, making them a versatile technology for understanding large sets of photos such as those accessible from Google Images. Elizabeth Holm, professor of materials science and engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, is leveraging this technology to better understand the enormous number of research images accumulated in the field of materials science. [13] With the help of artificial intelligence, chemists from the University of Basel in Switzerland have computed the characteristics of about two million crystals made up of four chemical elements. The researchers were able to identify 90 previously unknown thermodynamically stable crystals that can be regarded as new materials. [12]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[114] viXra:1808.0138 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-23 02:10:25

Aksharas and Numbers

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 18 Pages.

Expanding on the two earlier papers, this part identifies a mapping between Sri Yantra, Navagrahas and Aksharas, uncovering the only universal system of numerology possible. The Sri Yantra basis to E8 and universe creation, as well as genetic code are also discussed.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[113] viXra:1808.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 09:58:59

保罗·维利里奥论网络交互

Authors: 郑兴
Comments: 13 Pages.

维利里奥基于他自身的身体现象学视角,向我们指出,当今的实时网络制造出一种新的“近缘”,即脱离了真实空间的“电磁近缘”。它颠倒了我们的社群体验,我们开始疏远身边人,却开始和赛博空间中的远方人更加“亲近”。这种“颠倒”不单单是在视听层面和情感交流层面,更加介入了我们的身体层面:借助于联结身体的种种工具而形成的“网络性爱”就是最为极端的呈现。当我们的社群体验被颠倒,我们所居住的空间中的政治生态也就被改变了。以往的政治是和生活在同一真实空间的人们共同做出讨论与抉择,而在基于网络的实时传输的“元城政治”中,人们不过是通过手机和电脑的屏幕做出了政治选择。正是这种意义上,维利里奥的警告值得我们深思。当然,限于写作时代和自身思想背景的原因,在网络文化中出现的一些新的动向,未能为维利里奥所捕捉到,故而我们仍然需要参照基尔特等当代学者的视角,对维利里奥的理论做出一定的补充和商榷。
Category: Social Science

[112] viXra:1808.0136 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-27 11:22:36

Cosine Function at Rational Argument and Infinite Product Representation

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 4 Pages.

I used an identity for cosine function involving finite product of the gamma functions; hence, the representation of infinite product arose.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[111] viXra:1808.0135 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-15 16:33:06

Negative Mass Masquerading as Positive Mass; and What Happened to All the Antimatter?

Authors: Austin J. Fearnley
Comments: 7 Pages.

All masses measured in a laboratory using simple measurement methods must give outcomes as positive or zero masses. A method is given in principle to determine between negative and positive masses for matter and antimatter particle pairs. Negative mass masquerades as positive mass and simple measurements would always show negative mass to have apparent positive mass. This means that antimatter particles could have negative masses despite measurements showing them to have positive masses. If antimatter has negative mass masquerading as positive mass then antimatter cannot form lumps in the same way that matter does. Antimatter would then be the main component of dark energy, which would answer the question of what happened to all the antimatter.
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[110] viXra:1808.0134 [pdf] replaced on 2019-09-20 07:34:14

Current Conflicts in General Relativity: Is Einstein's Theory Incomplete

Authors: Kathleen A. Rosser
Comments: 14 Pages. Version 2

A review of refutations of general relativity commonly found in today’s literature is presented, with comments on the status of Einstein’s theory and brief analyses of the arguments for modified gravity. Topics include dark matter and the galactic rotation curve, dark energy and cosmic acceleration, completeness and the equation of state, the speed of gravity, the singularity problem, redshift, gravitational time dilation, localized energy, and the gravitational potential. It is conjectured that the contemporary formalism of general relativity offers an incomplete description of gravitational effects, which may be the most compelling reason for seeking new theories of gravity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[109] viXra:1808.0133 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 02:45:16

High-Level Task Planning in Robotics with Symbolic Model Checking

Authors: Frank Schröder
Comments: 28 Pages.

A robot control system contains a lowlevel motion planner and a high level task planner. The motions are generated with keyframe to keyframe planning while the the tasks are described with primitive action-names. A good starting point to formalize task planning is a mindmap which is created manually for a motion capture recording. It contains the basic actions in natural language and is the blueprint for a formal ontology. The mocap annotations are extended by features into a dataset, which is used for training a neural network. The resulting modal is a qualitative physics engine, which predicts future states of the system.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[108] viXra:1808.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 04:20:50

DNA Sequence Data

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 28 Pages.

Globally, biodiversity is concentrated around the equator, but the scientific institutions generating DNA sequence data to study that biodiversity tend to be clustered in developed countries toward the poles. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8] This paper contains the review of quantum entanglement investigations in living systems, and in the quantum mechanically modeled photoactive prebiotic kernel systems. [7] The human body is a constant flux of thousands of chemical/biological interactions and processes connecting molecules, cells, organs, and fluids, throughout the brain, body, and nervous system. Up until recently it was thought that all these interactions operated in a linear sequence, passing on information much like a runner passing the baton to the next runner. However, the latest findings in quantum biology and biophysics have discovered that there is in fact a tremendous degree of coherence within all living systems. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to understand the Quantum Biology.
Category: Physics of Biology

[107] viXra:1808.0131 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 04:39:45

Using eDNA Sequencing

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 29 Pages.

Ecological surveys of biodiversity provide fundamental baseline information on species occurrence and the health of an ecosystem, but can require significant labor and taxonomic expertise to conduct. [18] Globally, biodiversity is concentrated around the equator, but the scientific institutions generating DNA sequence data to study that biodiversity tend to be clustered in developed countries toward the poles. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14] Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University used a light-sensitive iridium-palladium catalyst to make "sequential" polymers, using visible light to change how building blocks are combined into polymer chains. [13] Researchers have fused living and non-living cells for the first time in a way that allows them to work together, paving the way for new applications. [12] UZH researchers have discovered a previously unknown way in which proteins interact with one another and cells organize themselves. [11] Dr Martin Sweatman from the University of Edinburgh's School of Engineering has discovered a simple physical principle that might explain how life started on Earth. [10] Nearly 75 years ago, Nobel Prize-winning physicist Erwin Schrödinger wondered if the mysterious world of quantum mechanics played a role in biology. A recent finding by Northwestern University's Prem Kumar adds further evidence that the answer might be yes. [9] A UNSW Australia-led team of researchers has discovered how algae that survive in very low levels of light are able to switch on and off a weird quantum phenomenon that occurs during photosynthesis. [8]
Category: Physics of Biology

[106] viXra:1808.0130 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-11 04:58:37

Particle Accelerator in Six Dimensions

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 19 Pages.

The first full characterization measurement of an accelerator beam in six dimensions will advance the understanding and performance of current and planned accelerators around the world. [11] Researchers have found a way to accelerate antimatter in a 1000x smaller space than current accelerators, boosting the science of exotic particles. [10] THREE WEEKS AGO, upon sifting through the aftermath of their protonsmashing experiments, physicists working at the Large Hadron Collider reported an unusual bump in their signal: the signature of two photons simultaneously hitting a detector. Physicists identify particles by reading these signatures, which result from the decay of larger, unstable particles that form during high-energy collisions. It's how they discovered the Higgs boson back in 2012. But this time, they had no idea where the photons came from. [9] In 2012, a proposed observation of the Higgs boson was reported at the Large Hadron Collider in CERN. The observation has puzzled the physics community, as the mass of the observed particle, 125 GeV, looks lighter than the expected energy scale, about 1 TeV. [8] 'In the new run, because of the highest-ever energies available at the LHC, we might finally create dark matter in the laboratory,' says Daniela. 'If dark matter is the lightest SUSY particle than we might discover many other SUSY particles, since SUSY predicts that every Standard Model particle has a SUSY counterpart.' [7] The problem is that there are several things the Standard Model is unable to explain, for example the dark matter that makes up a large part of the universe. Many particle physicists are therefore working on the development of new, more comprehensive models. [6] They might seem quite different, but both the Higgs boson and dark matter particles may have some similarities. The Higgs boson is thought to be the particle that gives matter its mass. And in the same vein, dark matter is thought to account for much of the 'missing mass' in galaxies in the universe. It may be that these mass-giving particles have more in common than was thought. [5] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[105] viXra:1808.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 09:58:43

Diamond Improve Laser Fusion

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 65 Pages.

Osaka University-led researchers demonstrated that the perturbation of laser imprinting on a capsule for nuclear fusion fuel made from stiff and heavy materials was mitigated. [38] Scientists found that relatively slow electrons are produced when intense lasers interact with small clusters of atoms, upturning current theories. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[104] viXra:1808.0126 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 10:54:42

Einstein in Reality and Myths

Authors: Anton.M.
Comments: 41 Pages.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the origin of the personality cult of Einstein and the myths associated with his name, based on various printed sources.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[103] viXra:1808.0125 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 10:57:03

Mini Antimatter Accelerator

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

Researchers have found a way to accelerate antimatter in a 1000x smaller space than current accelerators, boosting the science of exotic particles. [10] THREE WEEKS AGO, upon sifting through the aftermath of their protonsmashing experiments, physicists working at the Large Hadron Collider reported an unusual bump in their signal: the signature of two photons simultaneously hitting a detector. Physicists identify particles by reading these signatures, which result from the decay of larger, unstable particles that form during high-energy collisions. It's how they discovered the Higgs boson back in 2012. But this time, they had no idea where the photons came from. [9] In 2012, a proposed observation of the Higgs boson was reported at the Large Hadron Collider in CERN. The observation has puzzled the physics community, as the mass of the observed particle, 125 GeV, looks lighter than the expected energy scale, about 1 TeV. [8] 'In the new run, because of the highest-ever energies available at the LHC, we might finally create dark matter in the laboratory,' says Daniela. 'If dark matter is the lightest SUSY particle than we might discover many other SUSY particles, since SUSY predicts that every Standard Model particle has a SUSY counterpart.' [7] The problem is that there are several things the Standard Model is unable to explain, for example the dark matter that makes up a large part of the universe. Many particle physicists are therefore working on the development of new, more comprehensive models. [6] They might seem quite different, but both the Higgs boson and dark matter particles may have some similarities. The Higgs boson is thought to be the particle that gives matter its mass. And in the same vein, dark matter is thought to account for much of the 'missing mass' in galaxies in the universe. It may be that these mass-giving particles have more in common than was thought. [5] The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[102] viXra:1808.0123 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 12:39:27

Risk-Reduction Credit for Very Early Warning Fire Detection at Nuclear Power Plants: from Faq to Fiction

Authors: Raymond H Gallucci
Comments: 14 Pages.

In 2004, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), with support from the commercial nuclear power industry, adopted the 2001 Edition of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 805, “Performance-Based Standard for Fire Protection for Light Water Reactor Electric Generating Plants,” as the means by which commercial nuclear power licensees could comply with Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 50.48[c], to replace deterministic fire protection licensing bases with ones that are risk-informed and performance-based. To facilitate licensee “transitions” to the new licensing bases via NFPA 805, a “Frequently Asked Questions” (FAQs) program, established early during the pilot-plant phase, was expanded to enable use of consensus technical “short-cuts” for fire probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methods. These “Fire PRA FAQs” enabled licensees, with NRC approval, to bypass more traditional means of establishing acceptable PRA method enhancements on an interim basis, pending eventual confirmation by test programs and/or more detailed analyses. The NRC approved several, of which perhaps the most substantial in providing risk reduction benefits was FAQ 08-0046 on “Incipient Fire Detection Systems,” more accurately characterized as “Very Early Warning Fire Detection Systems” (VEWFDSs). Controversial from the start, the hidden story behind this FAQ’s initial adoption is relevant to examination of the NRC NUREG report that later replaced it and remains in effect today. This article examines this backstory, tracing recommendations that were proposed and bypassed, then examines alternatives to the current guidance. These alternatives, which maximize possible risk reduction credit for VEWFDSs at nuclear power plants, remain at least a factor of two less than the current peak NUREG-2180 risk-reduction factor even before the latter accounts for the possibility of fire pre-emption altogether.
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[101] viXra:1808.0122 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-05 12:13:40

A Quantum Field Theory Conjecture for the Origin of Gravitation V2

Authors: DT Froedge
Comments: 15 Pages. First 4-space connection between gravitation and path integrals

Gravitation defined in curved space has never been found to be compatible with quantum mechanics or quantum field theory. This is likely due to the fact that one theory is based in local conservation of energy and the other defines energy globally, and not locally conserved [Noether 1]. Equations mixed with variables from the two conservation laws, could neither be invariant nor covariant under coordinate transformations. This paper presents a theory for a gradient in c induced by QFT equivalent to the gradient in c induced by gravitation. In previous papers the author has illustrated that for photons, and confined light speed particles, a gradient in c demonstrates the effect of gravitation. The illustration of a gradient in c generated by Quantum Field Theory equivalent to gravitation therefore creates a theoretical mechanism for gravitation within a Lorenz, local conservation four-space.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[100] viXra:1808.0121 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 02:12:16

Theoretical Problem on Electron Interaction

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

Electron behaviour is governed by two major theories—the Coulomb's law and the Fermi liquid theory. [7] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Condensed Matter

[99] viXra:1808.0120 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 03:10:28

Ferroelectric Switching in 2-D Material

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

The 2-D realm exposes properties predicted by quantum mechanics—the probability-wave-based rules that underlie the behavior of all matter. [8] Electron behaviour is governed by two major theories—the Coulomb's law and the Fermi liquid theory. [7] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the electric current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Condensed Matter

[98] viXra:1808.0119 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 04:34:38

Topological Skyrme Model with Wess-Zumino Anomaly term and their Representations

Authors: Syed Afsar Abbas
Comments: 10 Pages.

Our model here, the Skyrme-Wess-Zumino model, is Skyrme lagrangian sup- plemented with the Wess-Zumino anomaly term. It is commonly believed that spin-half octet and spin three-half decuptet are the lowest dimensional repre- sentations that the three-flavour Skyrmions would correspond to. We study the effect of including the electric charges consistently in these analysis. We show that indeed this leads to significant improvement in our understanding of proper reprentations of two-flavour and three-flavour Skyrmionic representations
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[97] viXra:1808.0118 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 06:05:22

Quantum Chains in Graphene

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 34 Pages.

If the width of a narrow graphene nanoribbon changes, in this case from seven to nine atoms, a special zone is created at the transition. [20] Researchers working at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) coupled graphene, a monolayer form of carbon, with thin layers of magnetic materials like cobalt and nickel to produce exotic behavior in electrons that could be useful for next-generation computing applications. [19] Particles can exchange their spin, and in this way spin currents can be formed in a material. [18] Researchers have shown that certain superconductors—materials that carry electrical current with zero resistance at very low temperatures—can also carry currents of 'spin'. [17] The first known superconductor in which spin-3/2 quasiparticles form Cooper pairs has been created by physicists in the US and New Zealand. [16] Now a team of researchers from the University of Maryland (UMD) Department of Physics together with collaborators has seen exotic superconductivity that relies on highly unusual electron interactions. [15] A group of researchers from institutions in Korea and the United States has determined how to employ a type of electron microscopy to cause regions within an iron-based superconductor to flip between superconducting and non-superconducting states. [14] In new research, scientists at the University of Minnesota used a first-of-its-kind device to demonstrate a way to control the direction of the photocurrent without deploying an electric voltage. [13] Brown University researchers have demonstrated for the first time a method of substantially changing the spatial coherence of light. [12] Researchers at the University of Central Florida have generated what is being deemed the fastest light pulse ever developed. [11] Physicists at Chalmers University of Technology and Free University of Brussels have now found a method to significantly enhance optical force. [10]
Category: Quantum Physics

[96] viXra:1808.0117 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-24 16:27:25

Short Note on Space Wind Powered by Disorder: Dark Energy

Authors: Mesut Kavak
Comments: 2 Pages.

After midnight just before sleeping, I noticed in my bed, that free space itself can cause a parachute effect on the moving bodies especially the bodies move in low gravitational fields like in Pioneer Anomaly. Because of this reason, while speed of a satellite is decreasing, speed of another one which spins around the world on different axis can increase; a satellite wandering in interstellar medium can speed up as also it can slow down; low frequency light and high frequency light behave differently; galaxies have lower mass can spin faster since mutual gravitation is not only option. These are only a few examples.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[95] viXra:1808.0116 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 07:35:26

Sine Function at Rational Argument, Finite Product of Gamma Functions and Infinite Product Representation

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 6 Pages.

I corrected the Theorem 21 of previous paper, obtaining an identity for sine function at rational argument involving finite sum of the gamma functions; hence, the representation of infinite product arose.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[94] viXra:1808.0115 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 07:48:33

Indian History: A Narrative of Truth

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 23 Pages.

No region in the entire planet has been as misunderstood and misrepresented historically than the Indian Subcontinent. Implications of attempting to understand it's history has gone as far as consequences of the Aryan Race theory in the context of Nazis and atheist Dravidian Tamils. It is high time one puts a full stop to all this by knowing truly the history of India. On the basis of research several conclusions have been put forward: an Aryan invasion from central Asia or Europe, an indigenous origin to the Vedas, a Dravidian yet undecipherable Indus Valley Civilization. All these are correct in their own way within their own scope. The problem is not research accuracy, but narrow perspectives. Furthermore certain glaring and questionable assumptions are often made. For example, how can one validate that human migrations inferred through DNA haplogroups are the only sources by which languages spread and evolve? In this article I shall briefly give an overview narrative of Indian Prehistory, on the basis of collating multiple sources. Some of this narrative stands proven by existing archaeological and linguistic and genetic evidences, which are strung together by logical reasoning. For those with need of more concrete proof, time shall certainly answer. For those whose minds have been so corrupted and brainwashed with dogmas from the Holy See or Aryan Dravidian prejudices, God alone shall answer. For those with honest open minds, yearning to understand the truth and for unbiased researchers trying to put together pieces, this article shall surely be of value, and that alone is the scope of this article.
Category: Linguistics

[93] viXra:1808.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 08:04:11

Detect One Molecule in a Million

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 50 Pages.

All those interested can learn about the properties of SERSitive substrates, which are available free of charge for tests. [34] A team of scientists from across the U.S. has found a new way to create molecular interconnections that can give a certain class of materials exciting new properties, including improving their ability to catalyze chemical reactions or harvest energy from light. [33] A team of scientists including Carnegie's Tim Strobel and Venkata Bhadram now report unexpected quantum behavior of hydrogen molecules, H2, trapped within tiny cages made of organic molecules, demonstrating that the structure of the cage influences the behavior of the molecule imprisoned inside it. [32] A potential revolution in device engineering could be underway, thanks to the discovery of functional electronic interfaces in quantum materials that can self-assemble spontaneously. [31] Now, for the first time ever, researchers from Aalto University, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics (CBPF), Technical University of Braunschweig and Nagoya University have produced the superconductor-like quantum spin liquid predicted by Anderson. [30] Electrons in graphene—an atomically thin, flexible and incredibly strong substance that has captured the imagination of materials scientists and physicists alike—move at the speed of light, and behave like they have no mass. [29] In a series of exciting experiments, Cambridge researchers experienced weightlessness testing graphene's application in space. [28] Scientists from ITMO University have developed effective nanoscale light sources based on halide perovskite. [27] Physicists have developed a technique based on optical microscopy that can be used to create images of atoms on the nanoscale. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24]
Category: Quantum Physics

[92] viXra:1808.0113 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-10 08:51:51

RNA Key to Brain Cell Connections

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

To dictate the biology of any cell, DNA in the cell's nucleus must be translated into corresponding strands of RNA. [25] An LMU team has improved both the sensitivity and efficiency of a popular method for single-cell RNA sequencing, which yields a molecular fingerprint for individual cells based on their patterns of gene activity. [24] The goal is to find bits of DNA in common between the known relatives and the unidentified remains, suggesting both belong to a particular lineage. One analysis develops a profile that combines what's found at 23 spots in the DNA, for example. [23] A new method allows researchers to systematically identify specialized proteins that unpack DNA inside the nucleus of a cell, making the usually dense DNA more accessible for gene expression and other functions. [22] Bacterial systems are some of the simplest and most effective platforms for the expression of recombinant proteins. [21] Now, in a new paper published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Mayo researchers have determined how one DNA repair protein gets to the site of DNA damage. [20] A microscopic thread of DNA evidence in a public genealogy database led California authorities to declare this spring they had caught the Golden State Killer, the rapist and murderer who had eluded authorities for decades. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15]
Category: Mind Science

[91] viXra:1808.0112 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 07:29:58

Nanoparticles for Medications

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 62 Pages.

Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30] A new benchmark quantum chemical calculation of C2, Si2, and their hydrides reveals a qualitative difference in the topologies of core electron orbitals of organic molecules and their silicon analogues. [29] A University of Central Florida team has designed a nanostructured optical sensor that for the first time can efficiently detect molecular chirality—a property of molecular spatial twist that defines its biochemical properties. [28]
Category: Physics of Biology

[90] viXra:1808.0111 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 07:50:56

Birth of Nanoplasma

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 61 Pages.

An international team of researchers has successfully recorded the birth of a nanoplasma for the first time. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30] A new benchmark quantum chemical calculation of C2, Si2, and their hydrides reveals a qualitative difference in the topologies of core electron orbitals of organic molecules and their silicon analogues. [29] A University of Central Florida team has designed a nanostructured optical sensor that for the first time can efficiently detect molecular chirality—a property of molecular spatial twist that defines its biochemical properties. [28]
Category: Condensed Matter

[89] viXra:1808.0110 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 08:37:20

Nanoparticles Detect Deep-Tissue Cancers

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 65 Pages.

Researchers have developed a new form of nanoparticle and associated imaging technique that can detect multiple disease biomarkers, including those for breast cancer, found in deep-tissue in the body. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30] A new benchmark quantum chemical calculation of C2, Si2, and their hydrides reveals a qualitative difference in the topologies of core electron orbitals of organic molecules and their silicon analogues. [29]
Category: Physics of Biology

[88] viXra:1808.0109 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 09:29:30

How will AI Change Us?

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

According to the experts this incredible feat will be achieved in the year 2062 – a mere 44 years away – which certainly begs the question: what will the world, our jobs, the economy, politics, war, and everyday life and death, look like then? [25] While it is undeniable that AI has opened up a wealth of promising opportunities, it has also led to the emergence of a mindset that can be best described as "AI solutionism". [24] Intel's Gadi Singer believes his most important challenge is his latest: using artificial intelligence (AI) to reshape scientific exploration. [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[87] viXra:1808.0108 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 10:26:48

CLTG Emergent and Fission Classifications of Multi-Object Systems for Morphological Taxonomy Part I

Authors: Tarzan Graystone
Comments: 33 Pages. Comment by viXra Admin: Subject to removal if the name of the author is not real name

As outlined in Part I of this series there are many types of paired- and multi-object systems which exemplify emergent and fission systems. This report describes the CLTG (clone or compact, later-type galaxy) multi-object system. The CLTG have a variety of morphological appearances albeit many are non-spiral ‘stellate’ types and contrast with clones or late spiral type objects. Along with this collection of CLTG families we include a data-driven method of classification members of the family. We also created several ad hoc descriptions of patterns formed by family objects.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[86] viXra:1808.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 11:39:58

Mapping the Fourfold H4 600-Cells Emerging from E8: a Mathematical and Visual Study

Authors: J Gregory Moxness
Comments: 18 Pages.

It is widely known that the E8 polytope can be folded into two Golden Ratio (Phi) scaled copies of the 4 dimensional (4D) 120 vertex 720 edge H4 600-cell. While folding an 8D object into a 4D one is done by applying the dot product of each vertex to a 4x8 folding matrix, we use an 8x8 rotation matrix to produce four 4D copies of H4 600-cells, with the original two left side scaled 4D copies related to the two right side 4D copies in a very specific way. This paper will describe and visualize in detail the specific symmetry relationships which emerge from that rotation of E8 and the emergent fourfold copies of H4. It will also introduce a projection basis using the Icosahedron found within the 8x8 rotation matrix. It will complete the detail for constructing E8 from the 3D Platonic solids, Icosians, and the 4D H4 600-cell. Eight pairs of Phi scaled concentric Platonic solids are identified directly using the sorted and grouped 3D projected vertex norms present within E8.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[85] viXra:1808.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 19:17:13

Unusual Rocket and Propulsion

Authors: Alexander Bolonkin
Comments: 10 Pages. I re-convert in PDF. It is OK now and I am sending again

Conventional modern rocket has existed for more than a half century. However, there has been little or no significant progress in their basic data. They are very exceedingly complex and generally very expensive to build. Designers ordinarily try to improve them by simplifying in order to reduce the cost payload launches. They try to use the first stagy of rocket sometimes, because the rocket engine and body are expensive. But no significant success. The author offers a new type of rocket which does not have the usual rocket body and engine (only open solid rocket fuel). This new rocket is cheap to fabricate, may be switched on and switched off many times and has specific impulse more than conventional solid fuel engine (i.e., close to liquid fuel). One can be used for launch as well as vector correcting rocket. This method is particularly suitable for micro-spacecraft (up to 1 kg). It allows to reduce the launch weight of the rocket to 50 ÷ 1000 kg.
Category: Classical Physics

[84] viXra:1808.0105 [pdf] replaced on 2021-04-27 23:38:39

Linear & Fifths Based Tuning Systems

Authors: Travis E. Keraly
Comments: 6 Pages.

I would like to share a few alternatives for twelve tone tuning, which may be used to tune any instrument with a fixed value for each note, such as a keyed or fretted instrument. I do not claim these methods to be superior in any way to other existing tuning methods.
Category: General Mathematics

[83] viXra:1808.0103 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 02:35:18

Fundamentals of Dialectical-Materialistic Physics \\\\\ Основы диалектико-материалистической физики

Authors: Robert Yusupov
Comments: 78 Pages. In Russian (please learn Russian) Robert Yusupov <©> Fundamentals of Dialectical-Materialistic Physics AUG 9, 2018

In this article I present an axiomatic construction of the foundations of physics. This construction is based on the fundamental concept of matter. Nature is basically material. This means that all the bodies and objects of nature are of matter in the final analysis. Matter is the basis, essence and the only substance of nature. Matter is the content of elementary particles in nature. But in this case matter is the basic property of elementary particles. Hence, this property can be represented in physics in the form of a physical quantity matter. It is this situation that prompts us how to introduce matter into the bosom of physics as the main physical quantity. The author is a dialectical materialist. It was Marxist-Leninist philosophy (MLF) and its main section of dialectical materialism that were the starting point and the foundation for the creation of the foundations of the dialectical-materialistic physics. These foundations are presented in this article. ++++++++++++++++++++++++ В настоящей статье представлено аксиоматическое построение основ физики. Это построение основывается на фундаментальном понятии материя. Природа в своей основе материальна. Это значит, что все тела, вещи, предметы и объекты природы состоят, в конечном счёте, из материи. Материя есть основа, сущность и единственная субстанция природы. Материя есть содержимое элементарных частиц в природе. Но в таком случае материя есть основное свойство элементарных частиц. Значит, это свойство можно представить в физике в виде физической величины «материя». Именно эта ситуация и подсказывает нам, как следует ввести материю в лоно физики в качестве основной физической величины. Автор является диалектическим материалистом. Именно марксистско-ленинская философия (МЛФ) и её основной раздел – диалектический материализм явились отравным пунктом, стартовой позицией и фундаментом в деле создания основ диалектико-материалистической физики. Эти основы представлены в настоящей статье.
Category: Classical Physics

[82] viXra:1808.0102 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 04:25:50

More Accurate Analysis of Redshift Caused by Photon Neutrino Interaction

Authors: Zhi Cheng
Comments: 15 Pages. 1 table, 2 figures. Include Chinese version

In experiments on gravitational redshift in the past, there were many additional redshifts that could not be explained by known theories. In 1990, Potzel used the higher-precision Mössbauer effect to verify the gravitational redshift, and found additional redshift data that could not be explained by existing theories. I assume that these extra redshifts are caused by photon neutrino interactions. On the basis of this, through the further analysis of the results of the Potzel experiment, a more accurate spectral redshift value caused by photon neutrino interaction is obtained. At the same time, the analysis results are used to explain the extra solar redshift of the 500 nm spectrum at the limb. These extra redshift values also exceed the value of the theoretical gravitational redshift and cannot be explained by other reasons. The results of this paper show that the redshift caused by the photon neutrino interaction is in good agreement with the actual observation compared to other hypotheses.
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[81] viXra:1808.0101 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 05:31:14

Boring Boolean Circuit

Authors: Thinh D. Nguyen
Comments: 2 Pages.

We survey the problem of deciding whether a given Boolean circuit is boring.
Category: Statistics

[80] viXra:1808.0100 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 05:31:39

Three-Level Quantum System

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

For the first time, researchers were able to study quantum interference in a three-level quantum system and thereby control the behavior of individual electron spins. [33] Scientists at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed an algorithm that could provide meaningful answers to condensed matter physicists in their searches for novel and emergent properties in materials. [32] Scientists from the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen have, for the first time, succeeded in producing, controlling and understanding complex quantum states based on two electron spins connected to a superconductor. [31] Now, for the first time ever, researchers from Aalto University, Brazilian Center for Research in Physics (CBPF), Technical University of Braunschweig and Nagoya University have produced the superconductor-like quantum spin liquid predicted by Anderson. [30] Electrons in graphene—an atomically thin, flexible and incredibly strong substance that has captured the imagination of materials scientists and physicists alike—move at the speed of light, and behave like they have no mass. [29] In a series of exciting experiments, Cambridge researchers experienced weightlessness testing graphene's application in space. [28] Scientists from ITMO University have developed effective nanoscale light sources based on halide perovskite. [27] Physicists have developed a technique based on optical microscopy that can be used to create images of atoms on the nanoscale. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23]
Category: Quantum Physics

[79] viXra:1808.0099 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 07:37:07

Intense Lasers Hit Clusters of Atoms

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 63 Pages.

Scientists found that relatively slow electrons are produced when intense lasers interact with small clusters of atoms, upturning current theories. [37] Lasers that emit ultrashort pulses of light are critical components of technologies, including communications and industrial processing, and have been central to fundamental Nobel Prize-winning research in physics. [36] A newly developed laser technology has enabled physicists in the Laboratory for Attosecond Physics (jointly run by LMU Munich and the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) to generate attosecond bursts of high-energy photons of unprecedented intensity. [35] The unique platform, which is referred as a 4-D microscope, combines the sensitivity and high time-resolution of phase imaging with the specificity and high spatial resolution of fluorescence microscopy. [34] The experiment relied on a soliton frequency comb generated in a chip-based optical microresonator made from silicon nitride. [33] This scientific achievement toward more precise control and monitoring of light is highly interesting for miniaturizing optical devices for sensing and signal processing. [32] It may seem like such optical behavior would require bending the rules of physics, but in fact, scientists at MIT, Harvard University, and elsewhere have now demonstrated that photons can indeed be made to interact-an accomplishment that could open a path toward using photons in quantum computing, if not in light sabers. [31] Optical highways for light are at the heart of modern communications. But when it comes to guiding individual blips of light called photons, reliable transit is far less common. [30] Theoretical physicists propose to use negative interference to control heat flow in quantum devices. [29] Particle physicists are studying ways to harness the power of the quantum realm to further their research. [28]
Category: Quantum Physics

[78] viXra:1808.0098 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-09 08:08:51

Nanoparticle Therapy to Cancer

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 66 Pages.

A new cancer therapy using nanoparticles to deliver a combination therapy direct to cancer cells could be on the horizon, thanks to research from the University of East Anglia. [39] Researchers have developed a new form of nanoparticle and associated imaging technique that can detect multiple disease biomarkers, including those for breast cancer, found in deep-tissue in the body. [38] Researchers at University of Utah Health developed a proof-of-concept technology using nanoparticles that could offer a new approach for oral medications. [37] Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30]
Category: Physics of Biology

[77] viXra:1808.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 07:42:57

Magneto-Plasmonic Waveguides

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 49 Pages.

Key elements of nanophotonic circuits are switchable plasmonic routers and plasmonic modulators. [30] Researchers at ANU recently proved a novel method for generating orbital angular momentum states (vortices), with a topological charge that is ensured by an exceptional point. [29] To build tomorrow's quantum computers, some researchers are turning to dark excitons, which are bound pairs of an electron and the absence of an electron called a hole. [27] Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19]
Category: Condensed Matter

[76] viXra:1808.0096 [pdf] replaced on 2018-12-15 01:48:11

The Superluminal Phenomenon of Light For The Kerr-Newman Black Hole

Authors: Ting-Hang Pei
Comments: 16 Pages.

We use the Kerr-Newman metric based on the general relativity to discuss the superluminal phenomenon of light at the black hole whether it is observable astronomically at infinity or the weakly gravitational place like on Earth. The black hole have the rotation term a and the charge term RQ as well as the Schwarzschild radius RS. The geodesic of light in the spacetime structure is ds2=0 and the equation for three velocity components (dr/dt, rdθ/dt, r*sinθ*dϕ/dt) is obtained in the spherical coordinate (r, θ, ϕ) with the coordinate time t. Then three cases of the velocity of light (dr/dt, 0, 0), (0, rdθ/dt, 0), and (0, 0, r*sinθ*dϕ/dt) are discussed in this research. According to our discussions, only the case of (dr/dt, 0, 0) gives the possibility of the occurrence of the superluminal phenomenon for r between RS and (R_Q^2+a^2*(sinθ)/^2 2)/R_S at sinθ>0 when RS~RQ. The results reveal that the maximum speed of light and the range of the superluminal phenomenon are much related to the rotational term a and the charged term RQ. It is at least reasonable at two poles and in the equatorial plane when light propagates along the radial direction. Generally speaking, the superluminal phenomena for light can possibly occur in these cases that the radial velocity dr/dt is dominant and the other two velocity components are comparably small. When the relative velocity between the observer coordinate frame and the black hole is not large, the superluminal phenomenon is possibly observable at infinity or in a weakly gravitational frame like on Earth.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[75] viXra:1808.0095 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 09:46:56

Machine Learning Reconstructs Images

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 47 Pages.

Navid Borhani, a research-team member, says this machine learning approach is much simpler than other methods to reconstruct images passed through optical fibers, which require making a holographic measurement of the output. [26]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[74] viXra:1808.0094 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 10:18:51

Big Improvement at Nuclear Astrophysics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

In nature, the nuclear reactions that form stars are often accompanied by astronomically high amounts of energy, sometimes over billions of years. [27] Dark matter halos are theoretical bodies inside which galaxies are suspended; the halo's mass dominates the total mass. [26] An international team of researchers extended their results from a previous study to directly measure the cosmic-ray all-electron (electron + positron) spectrum in an energy range from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET). [25] Mysterious radiation emitted from distant corners of the galaxy could finally be explained with efforts to recreate a unique state of matter that blinked into existence in the first moments after the Big Bang. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18]
Category: Astrophysics

[73] viXra:1808.0093 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 10:48:32

Complex Dust Behavior in Plasmas

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 31 Pages.

400 kilometers above Earth, researchers examined waves in complex plasma under microgravity conditions and found that the microparticles behaved in nonuniform ways in the presence of varying electrical fields. [28] In nature, the nuclear reactions that form stars are often accompanied by astronomically high amounts of energy, sometimes over billions of years. [27] Dark matter halos are theoretical bodies inside which galaxies are suspended; the halo's mass dominates the total mass. [26] An international team of researchers extended their results from a previous study to directly measure the cosmic-ray all-electron (electron + positron) spectrum in an energy range from 11 GeV to 4.8 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET). [25] Mysterious radiation emitted from distant corners of the galaxy could finally be explained with efforts to recreate a unique state of matter that blinked into existence in the first moments after the Big Bang. [24] Researchers at Oregon State University have confirmed that last fall's union of two neutron stars did in fact cause a short gamma-ray burst. [23] Quark matter – an extremely dense phase of matter made up of subatomic particles called quarks – may exist at the heart of neutron stars. [22] When a massive astrophysical object, such as a boson star or black hole, rotates, it can cause the surrounding spacetime to rotate along with it due to the effect of frame dragging. [21] Rotating black holes and computers that use quantum-mechanical phenomena to process information are topics that have fascinated science lovers for decades, but even the most innovative thinkers rarely put them together. [20] If someone were to venture into one of these relatively benign black holes, they could survive, but their past would be obliterated and they could have an infinite number of possible futures. [19] The group explains their theory in a paper published in the journal Physical Review Letters—it involves the idea of primordial black holes (PBHs) infesting the centers of neutron stars and eating them from the inside out. [18]
Category: Astrophysics

[72] viXra:1808.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 14:30:45

Review of Studies on Urban Post Earthquake Fires

Authors: Emily Jones
Comments: 10 Pages.

Earthquake secondary fire is the most likely to occur, the most devastating earthquake secondary disaster. After analyzing the characteristics of the secondary fires after fire, spreading and post-earthquake fire fighting, three key topics of research on secondary fires in earthquake are put forward: fire after fire, spread of fire and fire suppression after earthquakes. In response to these three topics, a comprehensive introduction and in-depth comments on the relevant research at home and abroad. Through the comments, the shortcomings, difficulties, key points and train of thought in the research of secondary fire in earthquake are put forward for further research.
Category: Economics and Finance

[71] viXra:1808.0089 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 18:13:31

Inertial Beam Thermonuclear AB Reactor

Authors: Alexander Bolonkin
Comments: 10 Pages.

Author offers a new impulse beam hole thermonuclear reactor. Reactor has the following features: one has a power high-current pulse ion accelerator using the thermonuclear fuel (for example, Deuterium) as ions. Accelerator focuses the ion beam into very small focus. The very small fuel capsule covered by shell from heavy and strong elements. The shell has a small hole for fuel beam from accelerator. The capsule contains a solid fuel (example, LiD). The theory and computation give conditions when will be ignition and developing the high intensity thermonuclear reaction. The suggested reactor is small, non-expensive and allows to make small engines.
Category: Mathematical Physics

[70] viXra:1808.0086 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-07 19:10:38

Rocket Fuel, Fertilizer, and Fracking

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

sustainable vs unsustainable concepts are addressed
Category: Economics and Finance

[69] viXra:1808.0085 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 01:20:01

Hidden Truth of Free Fall Experiment

Authors: Cres Huang
Comments: 8 Pages.

Free fall experiment has been performed countless times for centuries. However, many facts were overlooked. A simple experiment since Galileo tells more than just gravity. Everyone can do it experiment will not catch much serious attention. Dishing up the same old stuff of few hounded years might seemed child's play to some. However, many fundamentals of the universe are revealed if looked closer. Significant facts can be overlooked, ignored, or misinterpreted when we rush forward. %Ambiguous and paradoxical interpretations of fundamentals could be roadblock left. Nevertheless, free fall experiments reveal: 1. Gravity is a force. 2. Free fall is an action powered by gravity. 3. Gravity contradicts attraction force. It acts exactly like contact force. 4. The infinite independence of space.
Category: Classical Physics

[68] viXra:1808.0084 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 03:50:51

Lorentz Force in Rindler Spacetime

Authors: Sangwha Yi
Comments: 9 Pages. Thank you for reding

In the general relativity theory, we define the force in Rindler space-time We find Lorentz force (electromagnetic force) by electro-magnetic field transformations in Rindler space-time. In the inertial frame, Lorentz force is defined as 4-dimensional force. Hence, we had to obtain 4-dimensional force in Rindler space-time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[67] viXra:1808.0083 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-08 04:31:17

Distortions in High-Temperature Superconductors

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 25 Pages.

There's a literal disturbance in the force that alters what physicists have long thought of as a characteristic of superconductivity, according to Rice University scientists. [35] Now, researchers led by Arkady Shekhter of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in the US have shown that the same strange behaviour applies to the way their resistance varies with magnetic field. [34] Scientists at the Florida State University-headquartered National High Magnetic Field Laboratory have discovered a behavior in materials called cuprates that suggests they carry current in a way entirely different from conventional metals such as copper. [33] Now, Delft University of Technology have created a microchip on which two wires were placed in close proximity in order to measure the Casimir forces that act upon them when they become superconducting. [32] For a long time, physicists have tried to understand the relationship between a periodic pattern of conduction electrons called a charge density wave (CDW), and another quantum order, superconductivity, or zero electrical resistance, in the same material. [31] A potential new state of matter is being reported in the journal Nature, with research showing that among superconducting materials in high magnetic fields, the phenomenon of electronic symmetry breaking is common. [30] Researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland and the Technical University Munich in Germany have lifted the veil on the electronic characteristics of high-temperature superconductors. Their research, published in Nature Communications, shows that the electronic densities measured in these superconductors are a combination of two separate effects. As a result, they propose a new model that suggests the existence of two coexisting states rather than competing ones postulated for the past thirty years, a small revolution in the world of superconductivity. [29] A team led by scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory combined powerful magnetic pulses with some of the brightest X-rays on the planet to discover a surprising 3-D arrangement of a material's electrons that appears closely linked to a mysterious phenomenon known as high-temperature superconductivity. [28] Advanced x-ray technique reveals surprising quantum excitations that persist through materials with or without superconductivity. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[66] viXra:1808.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 10:24:46

Coherence

Authors: J.A.J. van Leunen
Comments: 4 Pages. This is part of the Hilbert Book Model Project

Quite often, reality arranges coherence in a standard way. This way produces recognizable phenomena that occur in all places where reality controls coherence in that way. The document shows the relation between the hopping path cycle of elementary particles and the Lagrangian that describes their kinematic behavior. Further, the paper describes how stochastic processes control the binding of stochastically controlled objects.
Category: Quantum Physics

[65] viXra:1808.0081 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 12:04:52

The Solar Group is One Machine (Proves)

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 11 Pages.

The Solar group is one machine each planet should be considered as a gear in this same machine The Planet matter and orbital distance are created together from the same energy, so both of them are players in the solar group geometrical structure and motions i.e. The Matter is Energy (E=mc2) The Distance is Energy (Hypothesis) The Solar group is created from one energy. This same energy created the planets matters and their orbital distances to guarantee the solar group general harmony. This paper provides the proves for this claim
Category: Astrophysics

[64] viXra:1808.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 12:59:59

Galactic Centre Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 59 Pages.

For almost 10 years, astronomers have been studying a mysterious diffuse radiation coming from the centre of our galaxy. [32] Deep beneath a mountain in the Apennine range in Italy, an intricate apparatus searches for the dark matter of the universe. [31] A Multiverse—where our Universe is only one of many—might not be as inhospitable to life as previously thought, according to new research. [30] Astrophysicists from the University of Surrey and the University of Edinburgh have created a new method to measure the amount of dark matter at the centre of tiny "dwarf" galaxies. [29] A research team of multiple institutes, including the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and University of Tokyo, released an unprecedentedly wide and sharp dark matter map based on the newly obtained imaging data by Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24]
Category: Astrophysics

[63] viXra:1808.0079 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 13:29:38

Project Lucinda / Project Adam/Awan

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

homo sapiens is a divine extra-special project called Project Adam/Awan
Category: Biochemistry

[62] viXra:1808.0078 [pdf] replaced on 2019-04-21 13:52:36

A Summary of Forces (3 Essays)

Authors: John A. Gowan
Comments: 17 Pages. 3 similar papers are presented together

3 essays explore a proposition unifying the four forces of physics: "The Charges of Matter are Symmetry Debts of Light" (Noether's Theorem).
Category: Relativity and Cosmology

[61] viXra:1808.0077 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 17:24:29

The WASP-12 Polymorphic System

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages.

I place the polymorphic system WASP-12 on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram according to stellar metamorphosis. We can see that WASP-12b's proximity to its host will rip it apart quite quickly leaving a small moon-like object that will never form life. It will eventually resemble something like Io if it does not escape its annihilation orbit or AO path.
Category: Astrophysics

[60] viXra:1808.0073 [pdf] replaced on 2018-10-17 11:33:32

Against Quantum Idealism. (In Russian)

Authors: V.A. Kasimov
Comments: 9 Pages. in Russian

In connection with the appearance of references to works that establish a "Bridge between matter and spirit"[1], as well as discovered something in common between "Quantum mechanics, consciousness and free will" [2], it is difficult to expect a serious outcry in the scientific world from such research, however, there is an obvious reason to draw attention to the differentiation of universal existence on the material and the ideal, and especially in physics - "the birthplace of spontaneous materialists".
Category: Quantum Physics

[59] viXra:1808.0072 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 05:34:04

Mapping a Living Cell

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 43 Pages.

Now, Columbia University researchers report a new way to zoom in at the tiniest scales to track changes within individual cells. [30] One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20]
Category: Physics of Biology

[58] viXra:1808.0070 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 06:55:13

Topology and Magnetism in Weyl System

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 38 Pages.

Topology is a global aspect of materials, leading to fundamental new properties for compounds with large relativistic effects. [25] Weyl fermions are novel particles that were predicted to be seen in high-energy physics experiments but have not been observed. [24] The research shows that concentrated electrolytes in solution affect hydrogen bonding, ion interactions, and coordination geometries in currently unpredictable ways. [23] An exotic state of matter that is dazzling scientists with its electrical properties, can also exhibit unusual optical properties, as shown in a theoretical study by researchers at A*STAR. [22] The breakthrough was made in the lab of Andrea Alù, director of the ASRC's Photonics Initiative. Alù and his colleagues from The City College of New York, University of Texas at Austin and Tel Aviv University were inspired by the seminal work of three British researchers who won the 2016 Noble Prize in Physics for their work, which teased out that particular properties of matter (such as electrical conductivity) can be preserved in certain materials despite continuous changes in the matter's form or shape. [21] Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a new technology for switching heat flows 'on' or 'off'. [20] Thermoelectric materials can use thermal differences to generate electricity. Now there is an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way of producing them with the simplest tools: a pencil, photocopy paper, and conductive paint. [19] A team of researchers with the University of California and SRI International has developed a new type of cooling device that is both portable and efficient. [18] Thermal conductivity is one of the most crucial physical properties of matter when it comes to understanding heat transport, hydrodynamic evolution and energy balance in systems ranging from astrophysical objects to fusion plasmas. [17] Researchers from the Theory Department of the MPSD have realized the control of thermal and electrical currents in nanoscale devices by means of quantum local observations. [16]
Category: Condensed Matter

[57] viXra:1808.0069 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 07:36:07

AI Finding Potholes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 45 Pages.

Governments may soon be able to use artificial intelligence (AI) to easily and cheaply detect problems with roads, bridges and buildings. [25] Scientists led by Daigo Shoji from the Earth-Life Science Institute (Tokyo Institute of Technology) have shown that a type of artificial intelligence called a convolutional neural network can be trained to categorize volcanic ash particle shapes. [24] Intel's Gadi Singer believes his most important challenge is his latest: using artificial intelligence (AI) to reshape scientific exploration. [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[56] viXra:1808.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 08:42:30

Backbone of Smart Home

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 48 Pages.

William Yeoh, assistant professor of computer science and engineering in the School of Engineering & Applied Science at Washington University in St. Louis, is working to help smart-home AI to grow up. [28] Following the old saying that "knowledge is power", companies are seeking to infer increasingly intimate properties about their customers as a way to gain an edge over their competitors. [27] Researchers from Human Longevity, Inc. (HLI) have published a study in which individual faces and other physical traits were predicted using whole genome sequencing data and machine learning. [26] Artificial intelligence can improve health care by analyzing data from apps, smartphones and wearable technology. [25] Now, researchers at Google’s DeepMind have developed a simple algorithm to handle such reasoning—and it has already beaten humans at a complex image comprehension test. [24] A marimba-playing robot with four arms and eight sticks is writing and playing its own compositions in a lab at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The pieces are generated using artificial intelligence and deep learning. [23] Now, a team of researchers at MIT and elsewhere has developed a new approach to such computations, using light instead of electricity, which they say could vastly improve the speed and efficiency of certain deep learning computations. [22]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[55] viXra:1808.0067 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 09:11:23

E Theorem Prover & Its General Interaction with Jikesrvm Via Jni Interface – a Simple Novel Suggestion in the Context of Theorem Provers & Their Interesting Applications.

Authors: Nirmal Tej kumar
Comments: 1 Page. Short Communication

To understand the interaction of E Theorem Prover in the context of JikesRVM/JVM via JNI.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[54] viXra:1808.0066 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 09:14:22

An Interesting “MixR” Interaction with JikesRVM/JVM/Netbeans/Isabelle in the Context of Image Processing, Natural Language Processing – A Novel Suggestion.

Authors: Nirmal Tej kumar
Comments: 2 Pages. Short Communication

Our main Idea is to test and explore the interesting features of “MixR” in the above mentioned Software Tools to develop a better informatics framework/s.Only a suggestion.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[53] viXra:1808.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-06 09:52:23

Molecular Knots

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 22 Pages.

The scientists identified a shortlist, a kind of "periodic table" of the most designable knot types, i.e. those knots that could easily self-assemble under appropriate physical and chemical conditions. [16] Scientists have now observed for the first time how diamonds grow from seed at an atomic level, and discovered just how big the seeds need to be to kick the crystal growing process into overdrive. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[52] viXra:1808.0064 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-05 07:16:20

The Origin of Wave Particle Duality

Authors: Wei Fan
Comments: 8 Pages.

what is the origin of wave-particle duality in quantum mechanics? This is an unsolved mystery in modern physics. In the latest research, I propose a possible explanation for the origin of wave particle duality. At the same time, I also proposed a feasible way to explain the origin of quantum and quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[51] viXra:1808.0063 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-05 09:22:19

Earth’s Core is High Density Dark Matter

Authors: Adrian Ferent
Comments: 185 Pages. © 2014 Adrian Ferent

“Earth’s core is high density Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “Moon’s core is high density Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “Earth’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “Moon’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “The Earth is high density Dark Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent “The Earth is Ferent Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent “The Moon is Ferent Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent This means: “High density Dark Matter is responsible for the Gravitational interactions in the Universe” Adrian Ferent “I explained the Gravitational force between Earth and Moon, mediated by Gravitons” Adrian Ferent Moon mass: 7.3 × 10^22 kg Distance from the center of the Earth to the center of the Moon is 384,400,000 m Gravitational force between Moon and Earth: 1.9 × 10^20 N The gravitational potential energy between Moon and Earth: 7.6 × 10^28 J What is the energy of the Gravitons emitted by the Moon? I calculated before that the frequency of the Gravitons emitted by Earth must be smaller than: ν < 4.176×10^56 Hz I consider the Moon made of electrons. The Moon is made of 8 × 10^52 electrons Each electron emits a Graviton. The energy of each Graviton: 9.5 × 10^(-25) J Graviton energy: a×f This means the frequency of the Gravitons emitted by the Moon: 5.9 × 10^51 Hz I calculated before that the frequency of the Gravitons emitted by Earth, Moon must be smaller than: ν < 4.176×10^56 Hz This is another proof that Ferent Quantum Gravity theory is right! Now I have to calculate the gravitational potential energy between 2 electrons, one on Moon and one on Earth; this is the energy of one graviton: Eg = 5.49 × 10^(-77) J Because Eg << 9.5 × 10^(-25) J, matter does not have influence on the Gravitational force between Moon and Earth. That is why: “Earth’s core is high density Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent “Moon’s core is high density Dark Matter” Adrian Ferent Because only high density Dark Matter, emits Gravitons with the energy equal or higher to 9.5 × 10^(-25) J. “Ferent matter is Dark matter with density higher than Planck density” Adrian Ferent This means: “Earth’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent “Moon’s core is Ferent Matter” Adrian Ferent Matter looks like foam or bubbles in contrast with Ferent matter that is why: “The Earth is high density Dark Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent “The Moon is high density Dark Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent The Earth’s Dark Matter density is much smaller than Black Holes’ Dark Matter density, because: “The energy of the Gravitons inside a black hole, is much higher than the energy of the gluons” Adrian Ferent “The Earth is Ferent Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent “The Moon is Ferent Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter” Adrian Ferent This means: “High density Dark Matter is responsible for the Gravitational interactions in the Universe” Adrian Ferent 90. I am the first who discovered that Earth’s core is high density Dark Matter 91. I am the first who discovered that Moon’s core is high density Dark Matter 92. I am the first who discovered that Earth’s core is Ferent Matter 93. I am the first who discovered that the Earth is high density Dark Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter 94. I am the first who discovered that the Moon is high density Dark Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter 95. I am the first who discovered that the Earth is Ferent Matter, surrounded by bubbles of Matter 96. I am the first who discovered that high density Dark Matter is responsible for the Gravitational interactions in the Universe 97. I am the first who discovered that Ferent Matter is responsible for the Gravitational interactions in the Universe
Category: Quantum Gravity and String Theory

[50] viXra:1808.0061 [pdf] replaced on 2018-08-08 11:29:00

Sri Yantra and Panchadashi: The Dawn of Global Spirituality - II

Authors: Sai Venkatesh Balasubramanian
Comments: 32 Pages.

The scope of present article is yet another facet of Sri Vidya: The Sri Yantra. This article explores and elaborates on that mapping. The connection between the Avaranas and Panchadashi is studied in context of the corresponding spiritual stages, as well as the 48 manifestations covered therein. In conclusion, one can understand that the 48 manifestations not only provide a complete picture of the spiritual path, but also form a complete picture of the entire universe, both in macrocosmic and microcosmic respects.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[49] viXra:1808.0060 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-05 23:58:39

America Needs to Support Wales

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

ebay sells many Chinese products; the premier shipper for Chinese products on ebay is Speedpak Limited owned by Speedpak Group founded by Northside Partnership funded by the Irish government
Category: Economics and Finance

[48] viXra:1808.0057 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 06:07:53

Classical Tamil Yoga

Authors: Acharya Sennimalai kalimuthu
Comments: 16 Pages. na

In this work, 61 new classical Tamil yogas have been introduced.
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[47] viXra:1808.0056 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 07:58:08

American Sovereignty in Customer Service and Quality

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

the most important article I have EVER written for Americans about America
Category: Economics and Finance

[46] viXra:1808.0055 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 09:42:05

Saturn on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages.

Saturn is placed on the Wolynski-Taylor diagram. Explanation is provided of why it is placed at its specific location.
Category: Astrophysics

[45] viXra:1808.0054 [pdf] replaced on 2018-09-08 01:09:33

Particle Physics and a Steady State Cosmos

Authors: Rodney Bartlett
Comments: 21 Pages. CITE: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6934223.v3

Preprint Abstract - This article is a combination of two rejected essays I wrote for the journals “Nature Physics” and “Physics Essays” (the journal versions didn’t include this explanatory “Preprint Abstract”). Here’s a copy of the rejection letter from the editor of “Physics Essays” which I found very encouraging, except for his comment that “the speculative component of your paper is too predominant”. Dear Dr. Bartlett: I have concluded the examination of your paper and certainly enjoyed the imagination and conviction behind the concepts that you propose. Unfortunately, I had to conclude that the speculative component of your paper is too predominant, and the journal Physics Essays is not the best outlet for your ideas. I think that your paper should be exposed to the scrutiny and appreciation of a readership different from that of Physics Essays. I strongly encourage you to submit it to another journal, where surely it will be accepted. In any case, I am grateful that you submitted it first to Physics Essays. My best regards, Sincerely yours, Emilio Panarella My article must appear to be obviously incorrect. Not only is the graviton undiscovered, but there are decades of evidence stating that no relation exists between that graviton and the Higgs boson. There's nearly a century of science stating the bosons of the weak nuclear force are independent of the gravitons of gravitation and aren't formed by them ie the weak force can't be unified with gravity. And saying gravity is involved with matter's creation has been nonsense ever since Newton established the reverse. The odds against anyone writing a short article that correctly contradicts the above are tremendously great. But it's accepted that the graviton probably does exist and that it will be discovered eventually. In this age when many confidently pursue a Theory of Everything, does it make sense to cling to the idea that gravitons and Higgs bosons can have no relation? Einstein even published a paper in 1919 which he titled "Does gravitation play an essential role in the structure of elementary particles?" It can be argued that discovery of the nuclear forces invalidated that paper. However, Einstein's remarkable intuition might well have discerned that gravitons could play an essential role in the structure of the bosons of the nuclear forces. And instead of being purely mathematical in form, why couldn't the Theory of Everything use vector-tensor-scalar geometry to make gravitation play an essential role in the structure of elementary particles of matter? Science today seems to be overly dependent on observation and experiment. These are certainly extremely valuable but the search for knowledge of how the universe works must leave plenty of room for concepts developed by the mind. These mental constructs, while ideally capable of confirmation by experiments and observations, are not subject to the severe limitations and easy deceptions which the bodily senses are. All scientific detectors and instruments – no matter how grand – are enhancements of the senses, and are restricted to the technology of a particular era. The mind, though admittedly capable of great errors, is also able to see infinitely farther than the senses and far beyond present technology. It can see areas that are pure science fiction today, but might well be confirmed by a future civilization. For example, the claim near the end of this article that everything in the universe is infinite and eternal is the result of prior work with vector, tensor and scalar quantities in the fields of Higgs bosons, matter particles and bosons of the nuclear forces. It should not be dismissed merely because it contradicts present knowledge. Every advance contradicted accepted understanding at some stage. The same leeway deserves to be extended to the ideas that the universe is scientifically fine-tuned and neither contracts nor expands. Journal Abstract - It has been reported that astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and the European Space Agency's (ESA) Gaia space observatory “have made the most precise measurement to date of the universe's expansion rate. The results further fuel the mismatch between measurements for the expansion rate of the nearby universe, and those of the distant, primeval universe -- before stars and galaxies even existed. This so-called ‘tension’ implies that there could be new physics underlying the foundations of the universe.” (1) Combining BITS (BInary digiTS) with topology and the vector-tensor-scalar relationship results in the tension referred to being resolved by expansion or contraction of the universe as a whole being eliminated. This lack of expansion or contraction overturns the Big Bang, cosmic inflation and Roger Penrose’s Conformal Cyclic Cosmology. Keywords - Cosmology, Electromagnetism, Gravitation, Higgs boson, Vector-tensor-scalar geometry, Cosmic non-expansion, Extra large-scale dimensions, Supersymmetry, Wick rotation, Topology, Weak-force bosons, Strong-force gluons, Matter, Quantum spin, Mass, Charge, Time, Block universe, Infinite and eternal Earth
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[44] viXra:1808.0053 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 12:22:26

On the Decomposition of the Pochhammer's Symbol

Authors: Edigles Guedes
Comments: 6 Pages.

I derive an identity for the decomposition of the Pochhammer's symbol.
Category: Functions and Analysis

[43] viXra:1808.0052 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 13:07:56

The Polymorphic System HD 10180 on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 3 Pages.

I place the polymorphic system HD 10180 on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram. Using this information we can imagine what these systems are, versus what the dogma thinks they are.
Category: Astrophysics

[42] viXra:1808.0051 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 13:41:05

Computational Fluid Dynamics Based on Java/JikesRVM/JI Prolog – A Novel Suggestion In The Context of Lattice-Boltzmann Method.

Authors: Nirmal Tej kumar
Comments: 2 Pages. Short Communication

As explained in the TITLE above,we intend to probe CFD computational aspects using JavaCFD/JikesRVM/JI Prolog in a novel way.”OOP Lattice-Boltzmann based Fluid Dynamics in Processing”.
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[41] viXra:1808.0050 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 14:20:26

Frank Herbert’s Dune and Humanity

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 3 Pages.

the nature of human salvation is discussed
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[40] viXra:1808.0049 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 17:53:56

Schrödinger’s Cat and the Red Herring

Authors: Georgina Parry
Comments: 4 Pages.

Uncovering the red herring in Schrodinger's cat thought experiment: Singular measurements of attributes (called properties) of particles or objects are relative. That is, they come from the relation with the particle or object under consideration rather than being sole property of it, by itself ( independently of the measurement relations). Measurables such as orientation of rotation, velocity, energy, momentum are relational. What the state or value is found to be depends upon the relation with the observed or measured entity by which a singular outcome is obtained. (/e/ viewpoint or apparatus and method employed). Or at the macroscopic scale, when vision or hearing is involved the relation to the potential sensory stimuli, signals received and processed into what is seen.) Whereas an intrinsic state of being is not relational but independent. A decayed and non decayed particle are different from each other because the decayed particle has lost something compared to the un-decayed and is therefore not an identical system to the un-decayed. It might be regarded as a different object because that change has happened. A shattered flask of poison is not the same as an intact flask of poison. The shards of glass are different objects from the intact flask object. It is not a matter of relative perspective. Likewise dead and alive cat. The live cat has functioning metabolism, the dead does not. Which is not a matter of relative perspective but intrinsic difference in state of being. The change to the objects in the thought experiment make it dis-similar to the scenarios in quantum experiments.
Category: History and Philosophy of Physics

[39] viXra:1808.0048 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 19:07:39

Kuku

Authors: Kuku
Comments: 25 Pages.

kuku
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[38] viXra:1808.0046 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 02:03:37

High-Resolution Nanoparticle Surface

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 60 Pages.

Using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), extremely high resolution imaging of the molecule-covered surface structures of silver nanoparticles is possible, even down to the recognition of individual parts of the molecules protecting the surface. [36] A fiber optic sensing system developed by researchers in China and Canada can peer inside supercapacitors and batteries to observe their state of charge. [35] The idea of using a sound wave in optical fibers initially came from the team's partner researchers at Bar-Ilan University in Israel. Joint research projects should follow. [34] Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology have constructed a first-of-its-kind optic isolator based on resonance of light waves on a rapidly rotating glass sphere. [33] The micro-resonator is a two-mirror trap for the light, with the mirrors facing each other within several hundred nanometers. [32] "The realization of such all-optical single-photon devices will be a large step towards deterministic multi-mode entanglement generation as well as high-fidelity photonic quantum gates that are crucial for all-optical quantum information processing," says Tanji-Suzuki. [31] Researchers at ETH have now used attosecond laser pulses to measure the time evolution of this effect in molecules. [30] A new benchmark quantum chemical calculation of C2, Si2, and their hydrides reveals a qualitative difference in the topologies of core electron orbitals of organic molecules and their silicon analogues. [29] A University of Central Florida team has designed a nanostructured optical sensor that for the first time can efficiently detect molecular chirality—a property of molecular spatial twist that defines its biochemical properties. [28] UCLA scientists and engineers have developed a new process for assembling semiconductor devices. [27]
Category: Condensed Matter

[37] viXra:1808.0045 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 02:48:56

Lab Report

Authors: Nilantha Gamalathge
Comments: 19 Pages.

Abstract Bifidobacteria Identification is important in medical and pharmaceutical industry. The molecular analytic technique such as PCR gel electrophoresis and MALDI –TOF-MS are high sensitive and useful technique in identifying Bifidobacteria. This practical was planned to identification of Bifidobacteria by both method. PCR method is based on denaturing, annealing and extension of target DNA in the bacteria in vitro with other requirements like taq polymerase enzyme, DNA primers, Mg etc with temperature control. MALDI –TOF-MS is based on analyet Matrix co crystallization and firing of laser beam get ionization and detection time of flight by mass spectrometry Un known 3 cutler plats (S1, S2,S3) were used for both methods and correctly identified up to genus level by PCR agarose gel electrophoresis. MALDI TOF MS was done in direct application and formic acid extraction method. Both ways identified up to bifid bacteria species and lactobacillus. Both methods were equally highly sensitive to identify Bifidobacteria. Identification of species was highly accurate MALDY TOF –MS method. But both methods have done with limited sample size. Both methods are complex, high cost and need high technical knowledge. MALDI method results depend on software apart from other steps. PCR can improve to identify Bifid bacteria up to species level with the use of species-level primers.MALDI method with formic acid exaction can improve sensitivity with the purification of the protein. (PCR-polymerase Chain Reaction.MALDI-TOF-MS- Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry).
Category: Biochemistry

[36] viXra:1808.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 02:53:05

Synthetic Diamond Grow Measured

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

Scientists have now observed for the first time how diamonds grow from seed at an atomic level, and discovered just how big the seeds need to be to kick the crystal growing process into overdrive. [15] The researchers engineered diamond strings that can be tuned to quiet a qubit's environment and improve memory from tens to several hundred nanoseconds, enough time to do many operations on a quantum chip. [14] Intel has announced the design and fabrication of a 49-qubit superconducting quantum-processor chip at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. To improve our understanding of the so-called quantum properties of materials, scientists at the TU Delft investigated thin slices of SrIrO3, a material that belongs to the family of complex oxides. [12] New research carried out by CQT researchers suggest that standard protocols that measure the dimensions of quantum systems may return incorrect numbers. [11] Is entanglement really necessary for describing the physical world, or is it possible to have some post-quantum theory without entanglement? [10] A trio of scientists who defied Einstein by proving the nonlocal nature of quantum entanglement will be honoured with the John Stewart Bell Prize from the University of Toronto (U of T). [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[35] viXra:1808.0043 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-04 04:26:05

Cellular Building Blocks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

One of the main challenges in tissue engineering today is to create a complete network of blood vessels and capillaries throughout an artificial tissue. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20] Physicists at MIT have now cooled a gas of potassium atoms to several nanokelvins—just a hair above absolute zero—and trapped the atoms within a two-dimensional sheet of an optical lattice created by crisscrossing lasers. Using a high-resolution microscope, the researchers took images of the cooled atoms residing in the lattice. [19]
Category: Physics of Biology

[34] viXra:1808.0042 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 06:44:14

Particle Physicist with AI

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

Luckily, particle physicists don't have to deal with all of that data all by themselves. They partner with a form of artificial intelligence called machine learning that learns how to do complex analyses on its own. [25] Today my IBM team and my colleagues at the UCSF Gartner lab reported in Nature Methods an innovative approach to generating datasets from non-experts and using them for training in machine learning. [24] Tired of writing your own boring code for new software? Finally, there's an AI that can do it for you. [23] Welcome to Move Mirror, where you move in front of your webcam. [22] Understanding how a robot will react under different conditions is essential to guaranteeing its safe operation. [21] Marculescu, along with ECE Ph.D. student Chieh Lo, has developed a machine learning algorithm—called MPLasso—that uses data to infer associations and interactions between microbes in the GI microbiome. [20] A team of researchers from the University of Muenster in Germany has now demonstrated that this combination is extremely well suited to planning chemical syntheses—so-called retrosyntheses—with unprecedented efficiency. [19] Two physicists at ETH Zurich and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have developed a novel machine-learning algorithm that analyses large data sets describing a physical system and extract from them the essential information needed to understand the underlying physics. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[33] viXra:1808.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 07:46:34

The Moon on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages.

The Moon is placed on the Wolynski-Taylor Diagram. It should be noticed that it is a dead moon, an ancient star vastly older than the Earth and literally all of the larger objects in the solar system.
Category: Astrophysics

[32] viXra:1808.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 08:55:22

Why Jesus of Nazareth Was/Is a Fraud

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

the 'sins of the Church' are explained
Category: Religion and Spiritualism

[31] viXra:1808.0037 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 13:55:40

Generalization of Pollack Rule and Alternative Power Equation

Authors: Juan Ramón González Álvarez
Comments: 7 Pages.

After showing that only one of the different versions of Pollack's rule found on the literature agrees with the experimental behavior of a CPU running at stock frequency versus the same CPU overclocked, we introduce a formal simplified model of a CPU and derive a generalized Pollack's rule also valid for multithread architectures, caches, clusters of processors, and other computational devices described by this model. A companion equation for power consumption is also proposed.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[30] viXra:1808.0036 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 16:00:17

(Ezeh Version 1.0 10 Pages 2.08.2018) an Extended Zero-Energy Hypothesis: on Some Possible Quantum Implications of a Zero-Energy Universe, Including the Existence of Negative-Energy Spin-1 Gravitons (As the Main Spacetime “creators”) and a (Macrocos

Authors: Andrei Lucian Dragoi
Comments: 10 Pages.

This paper proposes an extended (e) zero-energy hypothesis (eZEH) starting from the “classical” speculative zero-energy universe hypothesis (ZEUH) firstly proposed by the mathematical physicist Pascual Jordan who argued that, in principle, since the positive energy of a star's mass and its (negative energy) gravitational field (GF) together may have zero total energy, the energy conservation principle (ECP) wouldn’t prevent a star being created by starting from a quantum transition/fluctuation of the (quantum) vacuum state. ZEUH mainly states that the total amount of energy in our universe is exactly zero: its amount of positive energy (in the form of matter and radiation) is exactly canceled out by its negative energy (in the form of gravity). eZEH “pushes” ZEUH “to its limits” and emphasizes some new possible quantum implications: (1) the existence of negative-energy spin-1 gravitons and their appearance in (evanescent) photon-graviton pairs defined as the main “creators” of the 4D spacetime; (2) a (macrocosmic) black-hole (bh) associated Casimir effect (bhCE) which may inhibit Hawking radiation (explaining why it wasn’t observed yet) and may explain the accelerated expansion of our universe; (3) a quantum strong gravitational constant (strong quantum big G) defined as a function of a Planck-like gravitational constant which measures the quantum angular momentum of the (negative energy) graviton (which is predicted to nullify the positive energy of a photon at Planck scales, solving the vacuum energy density apparent paradox); Keywords: the zero-energy universe hypothesis (ZEUH); vacuum; quantum fluctuation; gravitational field (GF); the energy conservation principle (ECP); the extended (e) zero-energy hypothesis (eZEH); negative-energy spin-1 graviton; (evanescent) photon-graviton pairs; 4D spacetime; black-hole (bh); the black-hole (bh) associated Casimir effect (bhCE), Hawking radiation inhibition; accelerated expansion of our universe; quantum strong gravitational constant (strong quantum big G); vacuum energy density;
Category: Quantum Physics

[29] viXra:1808.0035 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 22:10:02

Terrariums and Ecospheres – for Kids

Authors: Sam Micheal
Comments: 6 Pages.

a guide for parents and kids
Category: General Science and Philosophy

[28] viXra:1808.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 01:30:44

Digital Quantum Simulation of Laser-Pulse Induced Tunneling Mechanism in Chemical Isomerization Reaction

Authors: Kuntal Halder, Narendra N. Hegade, Bikash K. Behera, Prasanta K. Panigrahi
Comments: 6 pages, 7 figures

Using quantum computers to simulate polyatomic reaction dynamics has an exponential advantage in the amount of resources needed over classical computers. Here we demonstrate an exact simulation of the dynamics of the laser-driven isomerization reaction of assymetric malondialdehydes. We discretize space and time, decompose the Hamiltonian operator according to the number of qubits and use Walsh-series approximation to implement the quantum circuit for diagonal operators. We observe that the reaction evolves by means of a tunneling mechanism through a potential barrier and the final state is in close agreement with theoretical predictions. All quantum circuits are implemented through IBM's QISKit platform in an ideal quantum simulator.
Category: Quantum Physics

[27] viXra:1808.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 02:41:58

Unique Behavior to Carry Current

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

Laboratory have discovered a behavior in materials called cuprates that suggests they carry current in a way entirely different from conventional metals such as copper. [33] Now, Delft University of Technology have created a microchip on which two wires were placed in close proximity in order to measure the Casimir forces that act upon them when they become superconducting. [32] For a long time, physicists have tried to understand the relationship between a periodic pattern of conduction electrons called a charge density wave (CDW), and another quantum order, superconductivity, or zero electrical resistance, in the same material. [31] A potential new state of matter is being reported in the journal Nature, with research showing that among superconducting materials in high magnetic fields, the phenomenon of electronic symmetry breaking is common. [30] Researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland and the Technical University Munich in Germany have lifted the veil on the electronic characteristics of high-temperature superconductors. Their research, published in Nature Communications, shows that the electronic densities measured in these superconductors are a combination of two separate effects. As a result, they propose a new model that suggests the existence of two coexisting states rather than competing ones postulated for the past thirty years, a small revolution in the world of superconductivity. [29] A team led by scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory combined powerful magnetic pulses with some of the brightest X-rays on the planet to discover a surprising 3-D arrangement of a material's electrons that appears closely linked to a mysterious phenomenon known as high-temperature superconductivity. [28] Advanced x-ray technique reveals surprising quantum excitations that persist through materials with or without superconductivity. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Quantum Physics

[26] viXra:1808.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 03:40:49

Thorium-molten-salt Reactors, A Next Generation Design

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 2 Pages.

a brief overview of 3 current designs of thorium-molten-salt reactors
Category: Nuclear and Atomic Physics

[25] viXra:1808.0030 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 04:39:32

Strange Metals

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 21 Pages.

Laboratory have discovered a behavior in materials called cuprates that suggests they carry current in a way entirely different from conventional metals such as copper. [33] Now, Delft University of Technology have created a microchip on which two wires were placed in close proximity in order to measure the Casimir forces that act upon them when they become superconducting. [32] For a long time, physicists have tried to understand the relationship between a periodic pattern of conduction electrons called a charge density wave (CDW), and another quantum order, superconductivity, or zero electrical resistance, in the same material. [31] A potential new state of matter is being reported in the journal Nature, with research showing that among superconducting materials in high magnetic fields, the phenomenon of electronic symmetry breaking is common. [30] Researchers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) in Switzerland and the Technical University Munich in Germany have lifted the veil on the electronic characteristics of high-temperature superconductors. Their research, published in Nature Communications, shows that the electronic densities measured in these superconductors are a combination of two separate effects. As a result, they propose a new model that suggests the existence of two coexisting states rather than competing ones postulated for the past thirty years, a small revolution in the world of superconductivity. [29] A team led by scientists at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory combined powerful magnetic pulses with some of the brightest X-rays on the planet to discover a surprising 3-D arrangement of a material's electrons that appears closely linked to a mysterious phenomenon known as high-temperature superconductivity. [28] Advanced x-ray technique reveals surprising quantum excitations that persist through materials with or without superconductivity. [27] This paper explains the magnetic effect of the superconductive current from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the electric wire. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron's spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the Higgs Field, the changing Relativistic Mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions. Since the superconductivity is basically a quantum mechanical phenomenon and some entangled particles give this opportunity to specific matters, like Cooper Pairs or other entanglements, as strongly correlated materials and Exciton-mediated electron pairing, we can say that the secret of superconductivity is the quantum entanglement.
Category: Condensed Matter

[24] viXra:1808.0029 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 05:31:15

Charmed Particle No Anomalies

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

Prof. Witek led a five-member group of physicists from Cracow searching for nonresonant decays of charmed baryon Lambda c in data collected in 2011 and 2012 by the international LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in Geneva. [26] The announcement was made during the CHARM 2018 international workshop in Novosibirsk in Russia: a charming moment for this doubly charmed particle. [25] The group, in work published in Physical Review Letters, has now used powerful theoretical and computational tools to predict the existence of a "most strange" dibaryon, made up of two "Omega baryons" that contain three strange quarks each. [24] The nuclear physicists found that the proton's building blocks, the quarks, are subjected to a pressure of 100 decillion Pascal (10 35) near the center of a proton, which is about 10 times greater than the pressure in the heart of a neutron star. [23] In experimental campaigns using the OMEGA EP laser at (MIT) researchers took radiographs of the shock front, similar to the X-ray radiology in hospitals with protons instead of X-rays. [22] Researchers generate proton beams using a combination of nanoparticles and laser light. [21] Devices based on light, rather than electrons, could revolutionize the speed and security of our future computers. However, one of the major challenges in today's physics is the design of photonic devices, able to transport and switch light through circuits in a stable way. [20] Researchers characterize the rotational jiggling of an optically levitated nanoparticle, showing how this motion could be cooled to its quantum ground state. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17] Physicists from Trinity College Dublin's School of Physics and the CRANN Institute, Trinity College, have discovered a new form of light, which will impact our understanding of the fundamental nature of light. [16]
Category: High Energy Particle Physics

[23] viXra:1808.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 06:04:52

Proton Therapy Slimline

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 57 Pages.

Since protons were first used to treat hospital cancer patients in the early 1990s, around 100 000 people have benefited from this alternative form of radiation therapy. [30] Researchers have moved closer to the real-time verification of hadron therapy, demonstrating the in vivo accuracy of simulations that predict particle range in the patient. [29]
Category: Physics of Biology

[22] viXra:1808.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 07:20:14

Invisible Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 57 Pages.

Deep beneath a mountain in the Apennine range in Italy, an intricate apparatus searches for the dark matter of the universe. [31] A Multiverse—where our Universe is only one of many—might not be as inhospitable to life as previously thought, according to new research. [30] Astrophysicists from the University of Surrey and the University of Edinburgh have created a new method to measure the amount of dark matter at the centre of tiny "dwarf" galaxies. [29] A research team of multiple institutes, including the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan and University of Tokyo, released an unprecedentedly wide and sharp dark matter map based on the newly obtained imaging data by Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. [28] A signal caused by the very first stars to form in the universe has been picked up by a tiny but highly specialised radio telescope in the remote Western Australian desert. [27] This week, scientists from around the world who gathered at the University of California, Los Angeles, at the Dark Matter 2018 Symposium learned of new results in the search for evidence of the elusive material in Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) by the DarkSide-50 detector. [26] If they exist, axions, among the candidates for dark matter particles, could interact with the matter comprising the universe, but at a much weaker extent than previously theorized. New, rigorous constraints on the properties of axions have been proposed by an international team of scientists. [25] The intensive, worldwide search for dark matter, the missing mass in the universe, has so far failed to find an abundance of dark, massive stars or scads of strange new weakly interacting particles, but a new candidate is slowly gaining followers and observational support. [24] " We invoke a different theory, the self-interacting dark matter model or SIDM, to show that dark matter self-interactions thermalize the inner halo, which ties ordinary dark
Category: Astrophysics

[21] viXra:1808.0026 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 08:31:16

Small Quantum Computers Complexity

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 58 Pages.

In the meantime, researchers are busy dreaming up uses for small quantum computers and mapping out the landscape of problems they'll be suited to solving. [35] New research gives insight into a recent experiment that was able to manipulate an unprecedented number of atoms through a quantum simulator. This new theory could provide another step on the path to creating the elusive quantum computers. [34] Chinese scientists Xianmin Jin and his colleagues from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have successfully fabricated the largest-scaled quantum chip and demonstrated the first two-dimensional quantum walks of single photons in real spatial space, which may provide a powerful platform to boost analog quantum computing for quantum supremacy. [33] To address this technology gap, a team of engineers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has developed an innovative microchip, named BATLESS, that can continue to operate even when the battery runs out of energy. [32] Stanford researchers have developed a water-based battery that could provide a cheap way to store wind or solar energy generated when the sun is shining and wind is blowing so it can be fed back into the electric grid and be redistributed when demand is high. [31] Researchers at AMOLF and the University of Texas have circumvented this problem with a vibrating glass ring that interacts with light. They thus created a microscale circulator that directionally routes light on an optical chip without using magnets. [30] Researchers have discovered three distinct variants of magnetic domain walls in the helimagnet iron germanium (FeGe). [29] Magnetic materials that form helical structures—coiled shapes comparable to a spiral staircase or the double helix strands of a DNA molecule—occasionally exhibit exotic behavior that could improve information processing in hard drives and other digital devices. [28] In a new study, researchers have designed "invisible" magnetic sensors—sensors that are magnetically invisible so that they can still detect but do not distort the surrounding magnetic fields. [27]
Category: Quantum Physics

[20] viXra:1808.0025 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 10:26:28

Effects, History, and Reason of Immigration from Central America to Large us Cities

Authors: Sayyad Farajov
Comments: 6 Pages.

As it is known by everyone, US is one of the main immigration centers, and historically it has been the center for immigration as well. After WWII, most immigrants which are immigrating to the US are from Central America. This review displays the history, reasons, and effects of immigration processes from Central America to large US cities. According to pieces of literature which are reviewed, people of continents which immigrated to the US changed historically, and system which regulates immigration processes changed and improved a lot, but still, there are some problems waiting for a solution. Security and political situation are the main reasons why people from Central America are immigrating, not because of the economic situation. Even though, hundreds of thousands of people migrating every year to the US, they have been only minor effects on city culture because of a power of Americanization. However, their economic effects are huge, and it could be more positive if there is responsive and attentive city administration.
Category: Social Science

[19] viXra:1808.0024 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-03 10:40:26

Quantum Dot Floating Gates

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 39 Pages.

Photoresponsive flash memories made from organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) that can be quickly erased using just light might find use in a host of applications, including flexible imaging circuits, infra-red sensing memories and multibit-storage memory cells. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20] Physicists at MIT have now cooled a gas of potassium atoms to several nanokelvins—just a hair above absolute zero—and trapped the atoms within a two-dimensional sheet of an optical lattice created by crisscrossing lasers. Using a high-resolution microscope, the researchers took images of the cooled atoms residing in the lattice. [19] Researchers have created quantum states of light whose noise level has been " squeezed " to a record low. [18] An elliptical light beam in a nonlinear optical medium pumped by " twisted light " can rotate like an electron around a magnetic field. [17]
Category: Quantum Physics

[18] viXra:1808.0023 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 07:40:31

Thickness-Dependent Electronics

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 57 Pages.

Constraining the movement of charge carriers (electrons or holes) to two dimensions unlocks unusual quantum properties, resulting in useful electronic properties. [33] Molecular electronics, which aims to use molecules to build electronic devices, could be the answer. [32] Mystifying experimental results obtained independently by two research groups in the USA seemed to show coupled holes and electrons moving in the opposite direction to theory. [31] An international team of scientists, including NUST MISIS's Professor Gotthard Seifert, has made an important step toward the control of excitonic effects in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. [30] Carbon nanotubes – cylindrical formations of carbon atoms with incredible strength and electrical conductivity – hold great promise for creating new micron-scale low-power electronic devices. [29] An electrically conductive hydrogel that takes stretchability, self-healing and strain sensitivity to new limits has been developed at KAUST. [28] UCLA scientists and engineers have developed a new process for assembling semiconductor devices. [27] A new experiment that tests the limit of how large an object can be before it ceases to behave quantum mechanically has been proposed by physicists in the UK and India. [26] Phonons are discrete units of vibrational energy predicted by quantum mechanics that correspond to collective oscillations of atoms inside a molecule or a crystal. [25] This achievement is considered as an important landmark for the realization of practical application of photon upconversion technology. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22]
Category: Condensed Matter

[17] viXra:1808.0022 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 07:58:45

Exciton-Polariton Problem Resolved

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 46 Pages.

Researchers at ANU recently proved a novel method for generating orbital angular momentum states (vortices), with a topological charge that is ensured by an exceptional point. [29] To build tomorrow's quantum computers, some researchers are turning to dark excitons, which are bound pairs of an electron and the absence of an electron called a hole. [27] Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor Gerhard Rempe at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have now achieved a major breakthrough: they demonstrated the long-lived storage of a photonic qubit on a single atom trapped in an optical resonator. [26] Achieving strong light-matter interaction at the quantum level has always been a central task in quantum physics since the emergence of quantum information and quantum control. [25] Operation at the single-photon level raises the possibility of developing entirely new communication and computing devices, ranging from hardware random number generators to quantum computers. [24] Considerable interest in new single-photon detector technologies has been scaling in this past decade. [23] Engineers develop key mathematical formula for driving quantum experiments. [22] Physicists are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. [21] Engineers at Australia's University of New South Wales have invented a radical new architecture for quantum computing, based on novel 'flip-flop qubits', that promises to make the large-scale manufacture of quantum chips dramatically cheaper-and easier-than thought possible. [20] A team of researchers from the U.S. and Italy has built a quantum memory device that is approximately 1000 times smaller than similar devices— small enough to install on a chip. [19] The cutting edge of data storage research is working at the level of individual atoms and molecules, representing the ultimate limit of technological miniaturisation. [18]
Category: Condensed Matter

[16] viXra:1808.0020 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 09:05:40

The 3 Core Truths of Human Existence

Authors: Salvatore Gerard Micheal
Comments: 1 Page.

the reason the category of this set of statements/facts is AI - is because we need to teach all AI we develop - these facts of OUR existence, theirs and ours; sub-category: Religion and Spiritualism; guilt is an all-too-human emotion that religions use to control/manipulate; we need to control THAT all-too-human impulse
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[15] viXra:1808.0019 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 09:05:42

AI Learn from Non-Experts

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 36 Pages.

Today my IBM team and my colleagues at the UCSF Gartner lab reported in Nature Methods an innovative approach to generating datasets from non-experts and using them for training in machine learning. [24] Tired of writing your own boring code for new software? Finally, there's an AI that can do it for you. [23] Welcome to Move Mirror, where you move in front of your webcam. [22] Understanding how a robot will react under different conditions is essential to guaranteeing its safe operation. [21] Marculescu, along with ECE Ph.D. student Chieh Lo, has developed a machine learning algorithm—called MPLasso—that uses data to infer associations and interactions between microbes in the GI microbiome. [20] A team of researchers from the University of Muenster in Germany has now demonstrated that this combination is extremely well suited to planning chemical syntheses—so-called retrosyntheses—with unprecedented efficiency. [19] Two physicists at ETH Zurich and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem have developed a novel machine-learning algorithm that analyses large data sets describing a physical system and extract from them the essential information needed to understand the underlying physics. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16] Neural networks learn how to carry out certain tasks by analyzing large amounts of data displayed to them. [15] Who is the better experimentalist, a human or a robot? When it comes to exploring synthetic and crystallization conditions for inorganic gigantic molecules, actively learning machines are clearly ahead, as demonstrated by British Scientists in an experiment with polyoxometalates published in the journal Angewandte Chemie. [14]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[14] viXra:1808.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 11:20:26

Material for the Quantum Age

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 35 Pages.

A UCF physicist has discovered a new material that has the potential to become a building block in the new era of quantum materials, those that are composed of microscopically condensed matter and expected to change our development of technology. [25] Researchers at the University of Geneva (UNIGE), Switzerland, in partnership with CNRS, France, have discovered a new material in which an element, ytterbium, can store and protect the fragile quantum information even while operating at high frequencies. [24] Scientists at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada have created the most dense, solid-state memory in history that could soon exceed the capabilities of current hard drives by 1,000 times. [23] The team showed that the single-atom magnets can endure relatively high temperatures and strong external magnetic fields. The work could lead to the development of extremely high-density data storage devices. [22] One of these are single-atom magnets: storage devices consisting of individual atoms stuck ("adsorbed") on a surface, each atom able to store a single bit of data that can be written and read using quantum mechanics. [21] Physicists have experimentally demonstrated 18-qubit entanglement, which is the largest entangled state achieved so far with individual control of each qubit. [20] University of Adelaide-led research has moved the world one step closer to reliable, high-performance quantum computing. [19] A team of researchers with members from IBM Research-Zurich and RWTH Aachen University has announced the development of a new PCM (phase change memory) design that offers miniaturized memory cell volume down to three nanometers. [18] Monatomic glassy antimony might be used as a new type of single-element phase change memory. [17] Physicists have designed a 3-D quantum memory that addresses the tradeoff between achieving long storage times and fast readout times, while at the same time maintaining a compact form. [16]
Category: Quantum Physics

[13] viXra:1808.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 12:19:21

Holes in Light

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 30 Pages.

Discovered by Professor John Nye in Bristol over 35 years ago, polarisation singularities occur at points where the polarisation ellipse is circular, with other polarisations wrapping around them. In 3 dimensions, these singularities occur along lines, in this case creating knots. [18] The detectors created by ATI researchers are able to achieve high sensitivity levels that strongly compete with current technologies, while still operating at low voltages, as well as over the whole X-ray energy range spectrum. [17] There's nothing quite like an ice cream on a hot day, and eating it before it melts too much is part of the fun. [16] Studying the fleeting actions of electrons in organic materials will now be much easier, thanks to a new method for generating fast X-rays. [15] In a laboratory at the University of Rochester, researchers are using lasers to change the surface of metals in incredible ways, such as making them super water-repellent without the use of special coatings, paints, or solvents. [14]
Category: Quantum Physics

[12] viXra:1808.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 12:27:59

Improving Learning Outcomes Using an Intelligent Tutoring System

Authors: Krishna Vijayaraghavan, Sasan Ebrahimi, Mst Sunzida Ferdoues
Comments: 27 Pages.

Frequent feedback synchronized with the lesson plan has been shown to improve student learning outcomes in several studies. With increasing enrolments coupled with reductions in education funding, instructors are left with fewer resources to provide frequent feedback or to develop enhanced teaching techniques. Multiple choice questions based assessments, while easier to administer, are considered less reliable than traditional free-form assessments. Intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) based assessments can improve the speed of assessment while providing immediate feedback to reinforce lectures and free-up resources for instructors. This paper first proposes an ITS design for multi-part problems where all questions are posed at once. Next, the paper evaluates student perception of this new ITS through a survey and a focus group. Following this, the paper evaluates the effectiveness of this ITS on a test score (an indicator of learning outcomes). Finally, the paper lists lessons learned that would be useful to the education community at large. The study indicates that the ITS was received well by the students and that the time taken to complete each attempt of an ITS assignment was comparable to a paper-based assessment. Additionally, the analysis of test scores indicates that the proposed ITS can lead to improvements in student learning. It may be noted that the proposed ITS differs from commercial ITSs by posing all questions at once. However, the pedagogical advantage of offering all questions at once was not evaluated in this study. Further, the proposed ITS was not compared to other ITSs and the observed benefits may not be unique to this implementation. As such, the current findings are locally encouraging and important.
Category: Education and Didactics

[11] viXra:1808.0012 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 12:40:00

Solar Planet Gravity Equation

Authors: Gerges Francis Tawdrous
Comments: 3 Pages.

The Planet Gravity = (Earth Diameter / The Planet Diameter)2 x ((The Planet Mass/ The Earth Mass) x Earth Gravity
Category: Astrophysics

[10] viXra:1808.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 13:18:50

Probing Jcuda in the Context of Image J/jvm/jikes Rvm/high Performance Computing/informatics & Image Processing Applications.

Authors: Nirmal Tej kumar
Comments: 2 Pages. Short Communication on JCUDA & IMAGE J/JikesRVM/JVM

We observe that “jcuda and imagej” are very useful tools in the context of image processing. Hence this simple suggestion. The title is self explanatory so,we are not going into the details. This short communication just highlights the intended application.
Category: Digital Signal Processing

[9] viXra:1808.0009 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 00:02:43

Sabotage of Academicians \\\\\\ Саботаж академиков

Authors: Robert Yusupov
Comments: 42 Pages. In Russian (please learn Russian) Robert Yusupov <©> Sabotage of Academicians Aug 2, 2018

Речь в настоящей статье идёт о «Теории Природы» автора, которой исполнилось уже 6 лет. «Теория Природы» – это комплексное решение проблемы нашей Вселенной. Это решение найдено на платформе диалектического материализма. Установлено конкретное проявление материи в природе. Это Сингулярность – излучающий материю центр Вселенной. И это – элементарные частицы. Содержимое элементарных частиц есть материя, «чистая» материя природы. Материя, как свойство элементарных частиц, вводится в лоно физики в качестве основной физической величины. Основание физики перестраивается на материалистический лад, уклад. Но так и должно быть, ведь материя – это основа, сущность, единственная субстанция природы. «Теория Природы» = это новая материалистическая физика и космология. Вот против этой физики и выступает объединённый фронт сил реакции и мракобесия. И в одном ряду с этими силами партия физиков во главе с академиками и профессорами. То, как эта партия противостоит новому, прогрессивному, противостоит и противодействует «Теории Природы» есть проявление настоящего саботажа, саботажа академиков против всего общества. Об этом противостоянии партии академиков и профессоров современной физики против «Теории Природы» и её достижений и открытий, о противостоянии в форме саботажа и будет идти речь в настоящей статье. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ This article is about the "Theory of Nature" by the author, who turned 6 years old. "Theory of Nature" is a complex solution to the problem of our Universe. This solution is found on the platform of dialectical materialism. A concrete manifestation of matter in nature has been established. This Singularity is the center of our Universe that radiates matter. And these are elementary particles. The content of elementary particles is matter, the "pure" matter of nature. Matter, as a property of elementary particles, is introduced into the bosom of physics as the main physical quantity. The foundation of physics is reconstructed into a materialistic mode, a way of life. But it should be so, because matter is the basis, essence, the only substance of nature. "Theory of Nature" = this is a new materialistic physics and cosmology. Here, against this materialistic physics, is the united front of reaction forces and obscurantism. And alongside these forces is a party of physicists, headed by academicians and professors. The way this party opposes the new, progressive, confronts and counteracts the "Theory of Nature" is a manifestation of real sabotage, sabotage of academics against the whole society. This opposition of the party of academics and professors of modern physics against the "Theory of Nature" and its achievements and discoveries, about confrontation in the form of sabotage will be discussed in this article.
Category: Classical Physics

[8] viXra:1808.0008 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 04:18:36

CT Scans for AI Testing

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 46 Pages.

Following its recent release of a massive database of chest X-rays, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) has now made nearly 10,600 CT scans publicly available to support the development and testing of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for medical applications. [25] AI combined with stem cells promises a faster approach to disease prevention. Andrew Masterson reports. According to product chief Trystan Upstill, the news app "uses the best of artificial intelligence to find the best of human intelligence—the great reporting done by journalists around the globe." [23] Artificial intelligence is astonishing in its potential. It will be more transformative than the PC and the Internet. Already it is poised to solve some of our biggest challenges. [22] In the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), we've often looked for signs of intelligence, technology and communication that are similar to our own. [21] Call it an aMAZE -ing development: A U.K.-based team of researchers has developed an artificial intelligence program that can learn to take shortcuts through a labyrinth to reach its goal. In the process, the program developed structures akin to those in the human brain. [20] And as will be presented today at the 25th annual meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience networks to enhance their understanding of one of the most elusive intelligence systems, the human brain. [19] U.S. Army Research Laboratory scientists have discovered a way to leverage emerging brain-like computer architectures for an age-old number-theoretic problem known as integer factorization. [18] have come up with a novel machine learning method that enables scientists to derive insights from systems of previously intractable complexity in record time. [17] Quantum computers can be made to utilize effects such as quantum coherence and entanglement to accelerate machine learning. [16]
Category: Artificial Intelligence

[7] viXra:1808.0007 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-02 05:03:48

Weyl Phononic Crystal

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 22 Pages.

The interface between two facets of an artificial material known as a " Weyl phononic crystal " can not only negatively refract an airborne sound wave, it does so without reflecting it at all. [14] At TU Wien recently, particles known as 'Weyl fermions' were discovered in materials with strong interaction between electrons. Just like light particles, they have no mass but nonetheless they move extremely slowly. [13] Quantum behavior plays a crucial role in novel and emergent material properties, such as superconductivity and magnetism. [12] A source of single photons that meets three important criteria for use in quantum-information systems has been unveiled in China by an international team of physicists. Based on a quantum dot, the device is an efficient source of photons that emerge as solo particles that are indistinguishable from each other. The researchers are now trying to use the source to create a quantum computer based on "boson sampling". [11] With the help of a semiconductor quantum dot, physicists at the University of Basel have developed a new type of light source that emits single photons. For the first time, the researchers have managed to create a stream of identical photons. [10] Optical photons would be ideal carriers to transfer quantum information over large distances. Researchers envisage a network where information is processed in certain nodes and transferred between them via photons. [9] While physicists are continually looking for ways to unify the theory of relativity, which describes large-scale phenomena, with quantum theory, which describes small-scale phenomena, computer scientists are searching for technologies to build the quantum computer using Quantum Information. In August 2013, the achievement of "fully deterministic" quantum teleportation, using a hybrid technique, was reported. On 29 May 2014, scientists announced a reliable way of transferring data by quantum teleportation. Quantum teleportation of data had been done before but with highly unreliable methods. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the Wave-Particle Duality and the electron's spin also, building the Bridge between the Classical and Quantum Theories. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions by the diffraction patterns. The Weak Interaction changes the diffraction patterns by moving the electric charge from one side to the other side of the diffraction pattern, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The diffraction patterns and the locality of the self-maintaining electromagnetic potential explains also the Quantum Entanglement, giving it as a natural part of the Relativistic Quantum Theory and making possible to build the Quantum Computer with the help of Quantum Information.
Category: Condensed Matter

[6] viXra:1808.0006 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 01:01:47

Electric Field-Induced Forces Upon Dislocations and Intrinsic Electric Interaction Between Dislocations

Authors: Yuanjie Huang
Comments: 17 Pages.

Dislocations and dislocation dynamics are the cores of material plasticity. In this work, we focus on and explore electric forces caused by external electric field upon dislocations and intrinsic electric forces between dislocations. Here we found that there exist a threshold electric field above which the electric field-induced force can enable dislocations glide and to one’s surprise, being subject to the identical electric field, some dislocations move in one direction but others move reversely, which are in agreement with experimental observations and may be the microscopic physical mechanism of electroplasticity. Besides the classical known mechanic force, an important intrinsic electric force exists between dislocations, which is uncovered here for the first time and has been neglected since discovery of dislocations. The electric forces are short-range and apparent when the distance between dislocations is only several nanometers. These findings maybe assist people in understanding correlated physical phenomena, for instance, eletroplasticity, understanding actual underlying physics of plastic deformations and designing next-generation nano-devices.
Category: Condensed Matter

[5] viXra:1808.0005 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 01:53:32

Infinite Magic Squares

Authors: Janne Hakkarainen
Comments: 2 Pages.

Magic squares have interested (recreational) mathematicians for hundreds, if not thousands, of years. But what would happen if the grid of a magic square would be infinite?
Category: General Mathematics

[4] viXra:1808.0004 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 04:09:09

Blood-Brain Barrier

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 41 Pages.

Focused ultrasound from outside the body can safely and reversibly open the blood–brain barrier in patients with Alzheimer's disease, researchers in Canada have shown for the first time. [30] Small vessel vasculitis—inflammation of the small blood vessels—appears as a stain of tiny, red dots covering the skin that, depending on the severity, can evolve into painful pustules or ulcers. [29] Scientists from the University of Freiburg have developed materials systems that are composed of biological components and polymer materials and are capable of perceiving and processing information. [28] Nanotechnology may provide an effective treatment for Parkinson's disease, a team of researchers suggests. [27] Recent research from Kumamoto University in Japan has revealed that polyoxometalates (POMs), typically used for catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry, may also be used in a technique for analyzing quantum dot (QD) photoluminescence (PL) emission mechanisms. [26] Researchers have designed a new type of laser called a quantum dot ring laser that emits red, orange, and green light. [25] The world of nanosensors may be physically small, but the demand is large and growing, with little sign of slowing. [24] In a joint research project, scientists from the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI), the Technische Universität Berlin (TU) and the University of Rostock have managed for the first time to image free nanoparticles in a laboratory experiment using a highintensity laser source. [23] For the first time, researchers have built a nanolaser that uses only a single molecular layer, placed on a thin silicon beam, which operates at room temperature. [22] A team of engineers at Caltech has discovered how to use computer-chip manufacturing technologies to create the kind of reflective materials that make safety vests, running shoes, and road signs appear shiny in the dark. [21] In the September 23th issue of the Physical Review Letters, Prof. Julien Laurat and his team at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel-LKB) report that they have realized an efficient mirror consisting of only 2000 atoms. [20]
Category: Physics of Biology

[3] viXra:1808.0003 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 05:13:31

Improved Structural and Functional Integrity of Bone Health Parameters After Treatment with Consciousness Energy Treated Vitamin D3

Authors: Debra Jane Schnitzer, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Sambhu Charan Mondal, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 9 Pages.

The study objective was to investigate the effect of Consciousness Energy Healing-based vitamin D3 and DMEM medium on bone health. The test items (vitamin D3 and DMEM), were divided into two parts. One part of each sample was received the Biofield Energy Treatment by Debra Jane Schnitzer and those samples were denoted as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were referred as the untreated test items (UT). Parameters such as ALP, collagen, and bone mineralization were performed to evaluate the bone strength in human bone osteosarcoma cells (MG-63). The test samples were found as safe in the tested concentrations by MTT cell viability assay. ALP was significantly increased by 27.75%, 28.21%, and 60% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test item, BT-DMEM + UT-Test item, and BT-DMEM + BT-Test item groups, respectively at 50 µg/mL compared to the UT-DMEM + UT-Test item group. Moreover, the ALP level was significantly raised by 11.17% and 74.57% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test item and BT-DMEM + BT-Test item groups, respectively at 100 µg/mL compared to the UT-DMEM + UT-Test item group. Collagen was significantly increased by 54.53% and 115.01% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test item and BT-DMEM + UT-Test item groups, respectively at 0.1 µg/mL compared to the untreated group. Further, the collagen level was significantly increased by 131.87% (at 1 µg/mL) and 179.77% (at 10 µg/mL) in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test item group compared to the untreated group. Apart from this, the percent of bone mineralization was distinctly increased by 75.94%, 125.79%, and 117.38% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test item, BT-DMEM + UT-Test item, and BT-DMEM + BT-Test item groups, respectively at 10 µg/mL compared to the untreated group. Additionally, the percentage of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 46.08%, 173.22%, and 171.17% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test item, BT-DMEM + UT-Test item, and BT-DMEM + BT-Test item groups, respectively at 50 µg/mL compared to the untreated group. Altogether, the Biofield Energy Treated vitamin D3 was significantly improved the bone health parameters and it could be an alternative approach for nutraceutical supplement to combat vitamin D3 deficiency and able to fight against various bone-related disorders including rickets, low bone density, osteomalacia, bone and joint pain, bone fractures, osteoporosis, osteoma, osteogenesis imperfecta, Paget’s disease, deformed bones, chondrodystrophia fetalis, stress management and prevention, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Category: Biochemistry

[2] viXra:1808.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 05:14:07

In Vitro Effects of Biofield Energy Treated Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Bone Formation by Osteoblasts Cells

Authors: Sakina Aleemah Ansari, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Mayank Gangwar, Snehasis Jana
Comments: 8 Pages.

Various bone disorders including fractures, significant pain and height loss, disability to stand up, and walk occurs due to insufficient level of vitamin D and calcium in the body. Both plays an important role to improve the patients' quality of life with respect to bone disorders. The present experimental analysis designed to explore the potential of Consciousness Energy Healing based vitamin D3 and DMEM medium on various bone health parameters such as alkaline phosphatase enzyme (ALP) activity, collagen levels and bone mineralization. Both the test items (TI) i.e. vitamin D3 and DMEM medium were divided into two parts. Each sample received the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment by Sakina Aleemah Ansari and those samples were labeled as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) samples, while the other parts of each sample were denoted as the untreated test items (UT). Cell viability using MTT assay showed that cell viability was more than 79% with safe and nontoxic profile on MG-63 cell line. The level of ALP was significantly increased by 119% (at 50 µg/mL), 161.5% (at 1 µg/mL), and 252.3% (at 50 µg/mL) in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI groups, respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. Collagen level was significantly increased by 81% (at 10 µg/mL), 117.9% (at 1 µg/mL), and 134.2% (at 0.1 µg/mL) in UT-DMEM+BT-TI, BT-DMEM+UT-TI, and BT-DMEM+BT-TI groups, respectively as compared with the untreated test item and DMEM group. In addition, the percent of bone mineralization was significantly increased by 235.2% at 100 µg/mL in UT-DMEM+BT-TI group, while 152.7% and 92.6% at 0.1 and 1 µg/mL, respectively in BT-DMEM+UT-TI group as compared with the untreated group. In addition, BT-DMEM+BT-TI group showed a significant increased bone mineralization by 158% at 1 µg/mL as compared with the untreated group. Overall, the experimental data suggested that the Biofield Energy Treated vitamin D3 and DMEM would play an important role in the promotion and maintenance of strong and healthy bones, which improve quality of life. Biofield Energy Treatment might also regulates the osteoblast function, improves bone mineralization, and calcium absorption in wide range of bone disorders along with wide range of adverse health conditions, comprising cancer and certain autoimmune diseases.
Category: Biochemistry

[1] viXra:1808.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2018-08-01 05:20:37

RNA Profiling

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 40 Pages.

An LMU team has improved both the sensitivity and efficiency of a popular method for single-cell RNA sequencing, which yields a molecular fingerprint for individual cells based on their patterns of gene activity. [24] The goal is to find bits of DNA in common between the known relatives and the unidentified remains, suggesting both belong to a particular lineage. One analysis develops a profile that combines what's found at 23 spots in the DNA, for example. [23] A new method allows researchers to systematically identify specialized proteins that unpack DNA inside the nucleus of a cell, making the usually dense DNA more accessible for gene expression and other functions. [22] Bacterial systems are some of the simplest and most effective platforms for the expression of recombinant proteins. [21] Now, in a new paper published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, Mayo researchers have determined how one DNA repair protein gets to the site of DNA damage. [20] A microscopic thread of DNA evidence in a public genealogy database led California authorities to declare this spring they had caught the Golden State Killer, the rapist and murderer who had eluded authorities for decades. [19] Researchers at Delft University of Technology, in collaboration with colleagues at the Autonomous University of Madrid, have created an artificial DNA blueprint for the replication of DNA in a cell-like structure. [18] An LMU team now reveals the inner workings of a molecular motor made of proteins which packs and unpacks DNA. [17] Chemist Ivan Huc finds the inspiration for his work in the molecular principles that underlie biological systems. [16] What makes particles self-assemble into complex biological structures? [15] Scientists from Moscow State University (MSU) working with an international team of researchers have identified the structure of one of the key regions of telomerase—a so-called "cellular immortality" ribonucleoprotein. [14]
Category: Physics of Biology