Astrophysics

1411 Submissions

[28] viXra:1411.0591 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-29 09:07:13

Black Body Radiation of Stars as Rate of Plasma Recombination

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is hypothesized that black body radiation of stars is a result of the rate of plasma recombination.
Category: Astrophysics

[27] viXra:1411.0565 [pdf] replaced on 2015-02-28 15:45:49

Dark Matter Model by Quantum Vacuum

Authors: Manuel Abarca Hernandez
Comments: 43 Pages. The fourth version - It is the best.

The idea of the model is quite simple: The physical vacuum is a quantum system with a minimum energy when it is in his ground state. When the space has a gravitational field the space state increase his energy levels and the mass of the space begin to increase as well. The mass of the space would be the dark matter (D.M.). Model refers to the same conception about ‘vacuum’ as the Quantum Electrodynamics (QED), which consider the space full of virtual electrons and virtual positrons. Therefore it is easy to think that there are virtual particles which feel the gravitational forces named virtual gravitons. It is logical to think that the gravitational field excites the vacuum states in a way that “the vacuum would be heavier, the more intense gravitational field”. The hypothesis of this DM model is that virtual gravitons are Dark Matter. The paper is organised in nine parts: The first one shows graphs about measures of spin speed stars on Andromeda galaxy and Milky Way. The second one shows a simple mathematical model for flat galactic disks. Also it is got the density formula The third one studies the NFW model (Navarro, Frenk & White. 1996) for Dark Matter in bulge, disk and halo on galaxies. The fourth one explains the model theoretically in a simple way because in my opinion the ultimate theory of DM will be explain by the Quantum Gravity, which there is not exist yet. In the fifth one it is proved mathematically there is a function which connects density with gravitational field. The sixth one explains some consequences of Dark Matter Model on galactic haloes, such as radius and spherical or elliptical shape. In the seventh, the Dark Matter model is extended to galactic clusters. Through the model it is justified cluster haloes in a similar way to galactic haloes. Also it is explained the Virial method and gravitational lensing method to measure cluster masses in order to check the model predictions. In the eighth it is shows that there is coherence between DM model and experimental evidences known about DM in Bullet Cluster and other clusters. The ninth one proposes seven experimental tests to check the model through astronomical measures.
Category: Astrophysics

[26] viXra:1411.0542 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-22 13:23:00

Dark Matter and Other Astrophysical Problems of Alien Civilisations

Authors: Wolfgang Westenberger
Comments: 4 Pages.

Two foreign civilisations ask for help on behalf of astrophysical problems. The most urgent problem is called “the missing mass problem“. We should be able to help them.
Category: Astrophysics

[25] viXra:1411.0536 [pdf] replaced on 2014-11-22 05:58:11

Cosmic Reionisation in the Accelerating Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 9 Pages.

The universe was born in the Big Bang some 13.8 billion years ago. In its earliest epochs, it was filled with a hot 'soup' of charged protons and electrons. As the newborn universe expanded, its temperature decreased uniformly. When the universe was 400,000 years old, conditions were cool enough to allow the protons and electrons to bond and form neutral hydrogen atoms. [6] This paper explains the Accelerating Universe, the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The Big Bang caused acceleration created the radial currents of the matter and since the matter composed of negative and positive charges, these currents are creating magnetic field and attracting forces between the parallel moving electric currents. This is the gravitational force experienced by the matter, and also the mass is result of the electromagnetic forces between the charged particles. The positive and negative charged currents attracts each other or by the magnetic forces or by the much stronger electrostatic forces. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[24] viXra:1411.0366 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-19 08:27:17

Spooky Alignment of Quasars

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 9 Pages.

New observations with ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile have revealed alignments over the largest structures ever discovered in the Universe. A European research team has found that the rotation axes of the central supermassive black holes in a sample of quasars are parallel to each other over distances of billions of light-years. The team has also found that the rotation axes of these quasars tend to be aligned with the vast structures in the cosmic web in which they reside. [6] This paper explains the Accelerating Universe, the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. [6] The Big Bang caused acceleration created the radial currents of the matter and since the matter composed of negative and positive charges, these currents are creating magnetic field and attracting forces between the parallel moving electric currents. This is the gravitational force experienced by the matter, and also the mass is result of the electromagnetic forces between the charged particles. The positive and negative charged currents attracts each other or by the magnetic forces or by the much stronger electrostatic forces. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[23] viXra:1411.0292 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-18 19:20:01

Hubble's Law Versus Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It will be explained that Hubble's Law contradicts the General Theory of Stellar Metamorphosis in reference to determination of quasar distance.
Category: Astrophysics

[22] viXra:1411.0223 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-17 11:17:25

Black Holes in the Early Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 17 Pages.

Quasars, even those that are billions of light years away, are some of the “brightest beacons” in the universe. Yet how can quasars radiate so much energy that they can be seen from Earth? One explanation is that at each quasar’s center is a growing supermassive black hole (SMBH). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think “the Big Bang”, except just the opposite. That’s essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[21] viXra:1411.0222 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-17 06:32:51

Could 'higgsogenesis' Explain Dark Matter?

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 11 Pages.

The recently discovered Higgs boson is best known for its important role in explaining particle mass. But now some physicists are wondering if the Higgs could have played an equally significant role in generating dark matter and baryonic matter in the early Universe, as well as causing the hypothetical dark matter asymmetry and the observed baryon asymmetry between matter and antimatter particles. [9] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. The magnetic induction creates a negative electric field, causing an electromagnetic inertia responsible for the relativistic mass change; it is the mysterious Higgs Field giving mass to the particles. The Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators explains the electron/proton mass rate by the diffraction patterns. The accelerating charges explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The self maintained electric potential of the accelerating charges equivalent with the General Relativity space-time curvature, and since it is true on the quantum level also, gives the base of the Quantum Gravity.
Category: Astrophysics

[20] viXra:1411.0215 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-15 13:17:15

Jeans Mass/Jeans Instability is Pseudoscience

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page. 1 picture

It will be explained that Jeans Mass or Jeans Instability is pseudoscience, and the rules for initial star formation are severely outdated.
Category: Astrophysics

[19] viXra:1411.0146 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-14 18:41:53

Nuclear Fusion

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It will be explained that nuclear fusion happens as a galaxy is born.
Category: Astrophysics

[18] viXra:1411.0131 [pdf] replaced on 2015-01-25 12:25:20

Nomadic Planets Near the Solar System

Authors: T. Marshall Eubanks
Comments: 62 Pages. Submitted to Planetary and Space Sciences

Gravitational microlensing has revealed an extensive population of “nomadic” planets not orbiting any star, with Jupiter-mass nomads being more populous than main sequence stars. Except for distant objects discovered through mi- crolensing, and hot, young nomads found near star formation regions, to date only a small number of nomad candidates have been discovered. Here I show that there should be significant numbers of mature nomadic exoplanets close enough to be discovered with existing or planned astronomical resources, includ- ing dozens to hundreds of planets closer than the nearest star. Observational data are used to derive models relating mass, radius, heat flux and magnetic dipole moment; these are used together with population density models to show the observability of nomads in the IR, due to thermal emissions, and at radio frequencies, due to cyclotron maser instabilities. These neighboring nomadic planets will provide a new exoplanet population for astronomical research and, eventually, direct exploration by spacecraft.
Category: Astrophysics

[17] viXra:1411.0117 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-14 08:33:35

Dark Matter is Not Particles, But Chunks

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 13 Pages.

Dark matter may not be made of tiny particles as most scientists believe, but instead may consist of large chunks of strange matter anywhere from the size of an apple to an asteroid, researchers said. [12] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[16] viXra:1411.0110 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-13 14:34:01

Black Hole may be a Neutrino Factory

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

The evidence for this came from three NASA satellites that observe in X-ray light: the Chandra X-ray Observatory, the Swift gamma-ray mission, and the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR). [4] The Weak Interaction transforms an electric charge in the diffraction pattern from one side to the other side, causing an electric dipole momentum change, which violates the CP and Time reversal symmetry. The Neutrino Oscillation of the Weak Interaction shows that it is a General electric dipole change and it is possible to any other temperature dependent entropy and information changing diffraction pattern of atoms, molecules and even complicated biological living structures.
Category: Astrophysics

[15] viXra:1411.0108 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-13 10:31:06

Dark Matter May Behave Like Wavy Fluid

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 15 Pages.

The mysterious dark matter that makes up most of the matter in the universe may behave more like wavy fluids than solid particles, helping to explain the shapes of galaxies, a new study suggests. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think “the Big Bang”, except just the opposite. That’s essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[14] viXra:1411.0107 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-13 09:01:22

Stellar Metamorphosis: The Accelerated Evolution of Young Stars

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is explained that the process of mass loss via heterolytic fissioning accelerates during stellar evolution because of lowered escape velocity.
Category: Astrophysics

[13] viXra:1411.0105 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-13 06:04:28

No Axions from the Sun

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun’s core. Preliminary evidence of solar axions in XMM-Newton observations has quite recently been published by Fraser et al. These authors also estimate the axion mass to be m = 2.3 * 10-6 eV. Since an axion with this mass behaves as a cold dark matter particle, the considered preliminary detection directly concerns cold dark matter as well. So, it would be a revolutionary discovery if confirmed. Unfortunately, we have identified three distinct flaws in the analysis by Fraser et al. which ultimately make it totally irrelevant both for axions and for cold dark matter. [15] Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[12] viXra:1411.0103 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-12 20:39:23

Cosmic Dust, Refraction and Emissivity

Authors: Frank H. Makinson
Comments: 3 Pages. The BICEP2 dust controversy prompted an examination of the issues.

Cosmic dust is pervasive within our galaxy and it is reasonable to suspect it is dispersed in various ways throughout the universe. Cosmic dust has emissivity when exposed to electromagnetic energy sources. The emissivity of cosmic dust contributes to cosmic radio noise and concentrations of it alters electromagnetic waves by refraction. Cosmic dust is concentrated in our Sun’s heliosphere and the resultant emissivity products in the microwave and infrared should be detectable by land based and satellite radio telescope instruments. It is possible that many of the claimed microwave and infrared measurements of the universe have in part or their entirety mapped the energy patterns of the cosmic dust in the heliosphere rather than energy patterns beyond it.
Category: Astrophysics

[11] viXra:1411.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-11 10:33:05

Dark Matter and Black Holes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think “the Big Bang”, except just the opposite. That’s essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[10] viXra:1411.0086 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-10 10:20:42

How a Strong Solar Coronal Mass Ejection can Eject Dust from the Moon’s Surface to the Earth’s Atmosphere

Authors: Fran De Aquino
Comments: 4 Pages.

A solar coronal mass ejection (CME) is a massive ejection of plasma from the Sun to the space. In this article it is shown how a strong solar coronal mass ejection can eject dust from the Moon’s Surface to the space. If this ejection occurs when the Moon is in specific regions of its trajectory around the Earth, then this lunar dust can be gravitationally attracted to the Earth, forming a dust shell at the Earth’s atmosphere, which can block the sunlight for some days.
Category: Astrophysics

[9] viXra:1411.0070 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-08 09:38:35

Oparin Versus Wolynski: The Structure of the Sun and Young Stars

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is noted that the main difference between Alexander Oparin's structure of the Sun and Jeffrey Wolynski's.
Category: Astrophysics

[8] viXra:1411.0068 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-08 08:09:16

The Location of Life Formation in the Universe

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is expressed in simple terms the locations in which life arises.
Category: Astrophysics

[7] viXra:1411.0059 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-07 07:22:18

Everything about Dark Energy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 13 Pages.

For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think “the Big Bang”, except just the opposite. That’s essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[6] viXra:1411.0049 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-06 19:03:25

Sunspots as Battery Cells

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page. Elementary Astrophysics

It is shown that Sun spots resemble battery cells.
Category: Astrophysics

[5] viXra:1411.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-05 17:44:56

Heterolysis During Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page. Star chemistry

It is explained that the process of chemical heterolysis is present in the Sun and all young stars.
Category: Astrophysics

[4] viXra:1411.0039 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-05 07:52:42

Qauntum FFF Theory, Poster News 2

Authors: Leo Vuyk
Comments: 29 Pages. 29

FUNCTION FOLLOWS FORM in Quantum FFF THEORY. The FORM and MICROSTRUCTURE of elementary particles, is supposed to be the origin of FUNCTIONAL differences between Higgs- Graviton- Photon- and Fermion particles. As a consequence, a NEW splitting, accelerating and pairing MASSLESS Dark Matter Black Hole, able to convert vacuum energy (ZPE) into real energy by entropy decrease, seems to be able to explain quick Galaxy- and Star formation, down to Sunspots, (Micro) Comets, Lightning bolts, Sprite Fireballs and Ball Lightning. Recently, lots of new cosmological information inspired me to react by the production of poster images added with explanatory texts. The result of the latest three months is gathered in this issue. Most posters added with the digital texts are also presented at my Flickr page: https://www.flickr.com/photos/93308747@N05/?details=1
Category: Astrophysics

[3] viXra:1411.0033 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-04 10:01:31

The Possible Indications of Low-Frequency Gravitational Waves Associated with a Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 051103 in Ligo Pre-S5 Data

Authors: Prygunov A. I.
Comments: 14 Pages. The file contains supplementary information

The noise sources of gravitational wave detectors for ground-based laser interferometers by example of LIGO were analyzed. As shown the low-frequency gravitational waves (GW) cause to changes in the detectors’ dynamic properties, which manifested as the Q-factor’s changes of low-frequency seismic component in a detectors’ integral noise that leads to the possibility of indirect GW’s observation in the frequency range (~ 100 Hz) of a detectors’ extreme sensitivity. The results of public LIGO data associated with gamma-ray burst GRB 051103 and the experimental estimation of GW’s properties by results of indirect observation are presented.
Category: Astrophysics

[2] viXra:1411.0022 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-03 19:04:42

Stellar Birth Versus Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page. A generalization of basic star science.

The enthalpy of stars rises and falls on the whole depending on whether it is being born or undergoing metamorphosis. These differences can be generalized via basic thermodynamic phase transitions.
Category: Astrophysics

[1] viXra:1411.0021 [pdf] submitted on 2014-11-03 19:10:21

Stellar Metamorphosis: Does the Sun Release or Gain Heat?

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

A simple question needed to be asked in the star sciences, does the Sun release or gain heat? The answer and its consequences will surprise any interested natural philosopher.
Category: Astrophysics