Astrophysics

1504 Submissions

[24] viXra:1504.0241 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-30 06:25:18

Galaxy Evolution by the Incompatibility Between Dark Matter and Baryonic Matter

Authors: Ding-Yu Chung
Comments: 10 Pages. Published in International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2014, 4, 374-383

The paper derives the galaxy evolution by the non-interacting (incompatibility) between dark matter and baryonic matter in terms of the short-range separation between dark matter and baryonic matter, so dark matter cannot contact baryonic matter. In the conventional CDM (cold dark matter) model, dark matter and baryonic matter are interactive (compatible), so dark matter can contact baryonic matter. However, the conventional CDM model fails to account for the failure to detect dark matter by the contact (interaction) between dark matter and baryonic matter, the shortage of small galaxies, the abundance of spiral galaxies, the old age of large galaxies, and the formation of thin spiral galaxies. The non-interacting (incompatible cold dark matter) model can account for these observed phenomena. The five periods of baryonic structure development in the order of increasing non-interacting (incompatibility) are the free baryonic matter, the baryonic droplet, the galaxy, the cluster, and the supercluster periods.
Category: Astrophysics

[23] viXra:1504.0233 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-29 04:55:04

New Three laws of Planetary Motion

Authors: Fu Yuhua
Comments: 7 Pages.

According to improved Newton’s gravitational formula, variable dimension fractal method and steepest descent method, this paper presents the new three laws of planetary motion: (1) Accurate gravitational formula between Sun and planet, and accurate gravitational formula between Sun and photon for problem of light bending around Sun; (2) Two kinds of improved Titius-Bode laws; (3) Relation between planetary average moving speed and its average distance to Sun with variable dimension fractal form. By using the second and third laws to predict the un-found planet outside the Neptune (formerly known as the tenth planet), its average distance to Sun equals 59.54 AU, and its average moving speed equals 3.85km/s.
Category: Astrophysics

[22] viXra:1504.0224 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-28 02:59:28

New Explanation of Advance of Planetary Perihelion and Solar System’s Vortex Motion

Authors: Fu Yuhua
Comments: 4 Pages.

Although the explanation of general relativity for the advance of planetary perihelion is reasonably consistent with the observed data, because its orbit is not closed, whether or not it is consistent with the law of conservation of energy has not been verified. For this reason a new explanation is presented: The advance of planetary perihelion is the combined result of two motions. The first elliptical motion creates the perihelion, and the second vortex motion creates the advance of perihelion. In the motion of planet-sun system, under the action of gravity, the planetary orbit is a closed ellipse, and consistent with the law of conservation of energy. Meanwhile, the planet also participates in the vortex motion of solar system taking the sun as center; the long-term trend of the vortex is the further topic, but in the short-term may be considered that due to the inertia the planetary perihelion will run circular motion in vortex and lead to the advance of perihelion, thus also without acting against the law of conservation of energy. Based on the result of general relativity, the approximate angular velocity of advance of perihelion is given; based on accurate astronomical observation, the accurate angular velocity is given. Finally the approximate expression for circular velocity of solar system’s vortex motion is presented. For ordinary vortex motion the circular velocity is inversely proportional to the radius r, but for solar system’s vortex motion, it is inversely proportional to r3/2.
Category: Astrophysics

[21] viXra:1504.0204 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-26 10:45:15

Dark Matter May Feel a “Dark Force”

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

Astronomers watching galaxies collide found evidence of nongravitational forces that could suggest dark matter interacts with itself. [13] The main feature of dark matter is that it remains undetectable (invisible) to telescopes. But that doesn’t mean that dark matter can’t sometimes intermingle with light. Scientists have now studied the prospect that dark matter distributes star light, creating a potentially visible luminosity around galaxies. [12] Astronomers believe they might have observed the first potential signs of dark matter interacting with a force other than gravity. [11] A new study of colliding galaxy clusters has found that dark matter doesn't even interact with itself. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[20] viXra:1504.0193 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-24 10:29:18

The Effect of a Current Free Double Layer Below the Photosphere on the Acceleration of the Solar Wind

Authors: Robert James Johnson
Comments: 19 Pages. Submission ref. PHYSSCR-102611; submitted 6 Feb 2015; awaiting referee comments 24.4.15

Neither the collisional hydrodynamic nor the collisionless kinetic models have yet been able to fully explain the acceleration of the fast solar wind without ad hoc assumptions of additional energy input or suprathermal electron populations at the base of the models in the lower corona. Separate research has shown that plasma naturally forms a Current Free Double Layer when expanding into a lower-density region, the effect of which is to generate a suprathermal electron population and beams of fast ions on the low potential side. It is suggested that the expansion of the dense plasma in the body of the Sun will form a stationary Current Free Double Layer below the photosphere and thus provide initial ion acceleration together with the type of electron velocity distribution function that kinetic models require as boundary conditions. The turbulence generated by the outflowing particle beams colliding with the low-density plasma in and above the upper chromosphere may contribute to the additional wave energy which the hydrodynamic models require. The implications of the present model for the coronal heating problem are also explored.
Category: Astrophysics

[19] viXra:1504.0177 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-22 08:23:05

Glow in the Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

The main feature of dark matter is that it remains undetectable (invisible) to telescopes. But that doesn’t mean that dark matter can’t sometimes intermingle with light. Scientists have now studied the prospect that dark matter distributes star light, creating a potentially visible luminosity around galaxies. [12] Astronomers believe they might have observed the first potential signs of dark matter interacting with a force other than gravity. [11] A new study of colliding galaxy clusters has found that dark matter doesn't even interact with itself. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[18] viXra:1504.0171 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-21 12:33:27

LHC, Dark Matter and Planck's Law

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 17 Pages.

How can the LHC experiments prove that they have produced dark matter? They can’t… not alone, anyway. [13] The race for the discovery of dark matter is on. Several experiments worldwide are searching for the mysterious substance and pushing the limits on the properties it may have. [12] Dark energy is a mysterious force that pervades all space, acting as a "push" to accelerate the universe's expansion. Despite being 70 percent of the universe, dark energy was only discovered in 1998 by two teams observing Type Ia supernovae. A Type 1a supernova is a cataclysmic explosion of a white dwarf star. The best way of measuring dark energy just got better, thanks to a new study of Type Ia supernovae. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[17] viXra:1504.0160 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-20 08:14:03

Photons Structure

Authors: Wei-Xiong Huang
Comments: 5 Pages.

Substance's mass infinitely divisible. Substance mass infinitesimal small objects called magneton. Magneton mass tends to zero, but will never zero. Magnetic and spin are the magneton talent mettle. Magnetic force enables multiple magneton orderly bond together, to form magneton group. Magneton bond into small and simple magneton group. Small and simple magneton group bond into big and complex magneton group. every hue independent magneton group construct every hue material forms. Magneton collide with each other, make its spin speed and magneton's beeline speed transformed into each other. Bond into magneton group the magneton all maintain original characteristics. Magneton group have magneton the same characteristics. speed reach light speed, mass is about 10^-35 kg, such independent magneton group is photon.
Category: Astrophysics

[16] viXra:1504.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-17 05:21:54

Black Hole's Intense Magnetic Field

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 19 Pages.

Astronomers from Chalmers University of Technology have used the giant telescope Alma to reveal an extremely powerful magnetic field very close to a supermassive black hole in a distant galaxy. The results appear in the 17 April 2015 issue of the journal Science. [14] Quasars, even those that are billions of light years away, are some of the “brightest beacons” in the universe. Yet how can quasars radiate so much energy that they can be seen from Earth? One explanation is that at each quasar’s center is a growing supermassive black hole (SMBH). [13] If dark matter comes in both matter and antimatter varieties, it might accumulate inside dense stars to create black holes. [12] For a long time, there were two main theories related to how our universe would end. These were the Big Freeze and the Big Crunch. In short, the Big Crunch claimed that the universe would eventually stop expanding and collapse in on itself. This collapse would result in…well…a big crunch (for lack of a better term). Think “the Big Bang”, except just the opposite. That’s essentially what the Big Crunch is. On the other hand, the Big Freeze claimed that the universe would continue expanding forever, until the cosmos becomes a frozen wasteland. This theory asserts that stars will get farther and farther apart, burn out, and (since there are no more stars bring born) the universe will grown entirely cold and eternally black. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[15] viXra:1504.0120 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-15 08:01:04

Potential Signs of 'interacting' Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 13 Pages.

Astronomers believe they might have observed the first potential signs of dark matter interacting with a force other than gravity. [11] A new study of colliding galaxy clusters has found that dark matter doesn't even interact with itself. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[14] viXra:1504.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-11 13:30:15

Seeing Dark Matter Without Seeing

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 16 Pages.

The race for the discovery of dark matter is on. Several experiments worldwide are searching for the mysterious substance and pushing the limits on the properties it may have. [12] Dark energy is a mysterious force that pervades all space, acting as a "push" to accelerate the universe's expansion. Despite being 70 percent of the universe, dark energy was only discovered in 1998 by two teams observing Type Ia supernovae. A Type 1a supernova is a cataclysmic explosion of a white dwarf star. The best way of measuring dark energy just got better, thanks to a new study of Type Ia supernovae. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[13] viXra:1504.0076 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-09 12:42:17

White Holes and Black Holes

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 10 Pages.

Physicists have theories about white holes: cosmic monsters that overlap the line between tall tale and actuality. Yet to be seen in the space, white holes might be only mathematical giants. But according to recent research, if a speculative theory known as loop quantum gravity is true, white holes could be not just only real but we might have already observed them. A white whole is, somewhat, the reverse of a black hole. [10] That’s what some physicists have argued for years: That black holes are the ultimate vaults, entities that suck in information and then evaporate without leaving behind any clues as to what they once contained. But new research shows that this perspective may not be correct. [9] Considering the positive logarithmic values as the measure of entropy and the negative logarithmic values as the measure of information we get the Information – Entropy Theory of Physics, used first as the model of the computer chess program built in the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Applying this model to physics we have an understanding of the perturbation theory of the QED and QCD as the Information measure of Physics. We have an insight to the current research of Quantum Information Science. The generalization of the Weak Interaction shows the arrow of time in the associate research fields of the biophysics and others. We discuss also the event horizon of the Black Holes, closing the information inside.
Category: Astrophysics

[12] viXra:1504.0075 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-09 14:38:40

Supernovae Powered by Magnetars

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 9 Pages.

Astronomers have shed new light on the rarest and brightest exploding stars ever discovered in the universe. Their research proposes that the brightest exploding stars, called super-luminous supernovae, are powered by magnetars -- small and incredibly dense neutron stars, with gigantic magnetic fields, that spin hundreds of times a second. [6] This paper explains the Accelerating Universe, the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The Big Bang caused acceleration created the radial currents of the matter and since the matter composed of negative and positive charges, these currents are creating magnetic field and attracting forces between the parallel moving electric currents. This is the gravitational force experienced by the matter, and also the mass is result of the electromagnetic forces between the charged particles. The positive and negative charged currents attracts each other or by the magnetic forces or by the much stronger electrostatic forces. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[11] viXra:1504.0071 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-09 06:38:08

Photons Characteristics

Authors: Wei-Xiong Huang
Comments: 6 Pages.

Photon has beeline kinetic energy and spin kinetic energy. Photons spin axis perpendicular to Photons motion direction. Photon beam frequency is proportional to Photons spin speed. Photons magnetic pole at spin axis both ends. Photons electric charge absolute value is proportional to spin kinetic energy. Depth study Photons characteristics, will be able to crack more universe unsolved mysteries.
Category: Astrophysics

[10] viXra:1504.0070 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-09 08:12:45

Best Way to Measure Dark Energy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 12 Pages.

Dark energy is a mysterious force that pervades all space, acting as a "push" to accelerate the universe's expansion. Despite being 70 percent of the universe, dark energy was only discovered in 1998 by two teams observing Type Ia supernovae. A Type 1a supernova is a cataclysmic explosion of a white dwarf star. The best way of measuring dark energy just got better, thanks to a new study of Type Ia supernovae. [11] Newly published research reveals that dark matter is being swallowed up by dark energy, offering novel insight into the nature of dark matter and dark energy and what the future of our Universe might be. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[9] viXra:1504.0067 [pdf] replaced on 2015-05-19 23:27:25

Fitting Galaxy Rotation Curves Without Dark Matter

Authors: David E. Rutherford
Comments: 10 Pages.

The notion is presented that fitting galaxy rotation curves is possible without the invocation of dark matter. Equations of motion similar to those used to describe the internal motions of terrestrial weather systems are applied to the rotation curves of galaxies. However, due to the four-dimensional nature of the equations, additional terms arise. One of these additional terms is particularly useful in matching the rotation curves of galaxies. The extra term presumably describes internal properties of the central galactic black hole. It also determines, in part, the galactic rotation curve, just as the motion of winds in a terrestrial weather system are determined, in part, by the rotation of the Earth.
Category: Astrophysics

[8] viXra:1504.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-09 02:38:56

Superfluid Neutron Stars

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 10 Pages.

NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory has discovered the first direct evidence for a superfluid, a bizarre, friction-free state of matter, at the core of a neutron star. Superfluids created in laboratories on Earth exhibit remarkable properties, such as the ability to climb upward and escape airtight containers. The finding has important implications for understanding nuclear interactions in matter at the highest known densities. [6] This paper explains the Accelerating Universe, the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The Big Bang caused acceleration created the radial currents of the matter and since the matter composed of negative and positive charges, these currents are creating magnetic field and attracting forces between the parallel moving electric currents. This is the gravitational force experienced by the matter, and also the mass is result of the electromagnetic forces between the charged particles. The positive and negative charged currents attracts each other or by the magnetic forces or by the much stronger electrostatic forces. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[7] viXra:1504.0062 [pdf] replaced on 2015-04-09 04:56:56

Possible New Explanation for the Flattening of Galaxies Rotation Curves

Authors: Hasmukh K. Tank
Comments: Single-page Letter

As an explanation for the flattening of galaxy rotation curves, it is proposed hare that: the centripetal force experienced by the stars at out-skirts of galaxies may be a combination of gravitational-force and electric-force. Since both, the stars and the central-core of a galaxy are in the plasma state, there is always a possibility of charge-imbalance between the core and the stars at out-skirts; and so there is some electric-force between them, in addition to the gravitational attraction. Therefore the astronomical observation of flattening of galaxies rotation-curve need not shake our faith in Newtonian Dynamics.
Category: Astrophysics

[6] viXra:1504.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-08 07:59:12

Black Hole Information Paradox Resolution

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 9 Pages.

That’s what some physicists have argued for years: That black holes are the ultimate vaults, entities that suck in information and then evaporate without leaving behind any clues as to what they once contained. But new research shows that this perspective may not be correct. [9] Considering the positive logarithmic values as the measure of entropy and the negative logarithmic values as the measure of information we get the Information – Entropy Theory of Physics, used first as the model of the computer chess program built in the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Applying this model to physics we have an understanding of the perturbation theory of the QED and QCD as the Information measure of Physics. We have an insight to the current research of Quantum Information Science. The generalization of the Weak Interaction shows the arrow of time in the associate research fields of the biophysics and others. We discuss also the event horizon of the Black Holes, closing the information inside.
Category: Astrophysics

[5] viXra:1504.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-03 04:15:51

The Rainbow Universe Has no Beginning

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 11 Pages.

What if the universe had no beginning, and time stretched back infinitely without a big bang to start things off? That's one possible consequence of an idea called "rainbow gravity," so-named because it posits that gravity's effects on spacetime are felt differently by different wavelengths of light, aka different colors in the rainbow. [7] The universe may have existed forever, according to a new model that applies quantum correction terms to complement Einstein's theory of general relativity. The model may also account for dark matter and dark energy, resolving multiple problems at once. [6] This paper explains the Accelerating Universe, the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The Big Bang caused acceleration created the radial currents of the matter and since the matter composed of negative and positive charges, these currents are creating magnetic field and attracting forces between the parallel moving electric currents. This is the gravitational force experienced by the matter, and also the mass is result of the electromagnetic forces between the charged particles. The positive and negative charged currents attracts each other or by the magnetic forces or by the much stronger electrostatic forces. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[4] viXra:1504.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-02 01:53:38

LHC Create a Rainbow Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 12 Pages.

As physicists were testing the repairs of LHC by zipping a few spare protons around the 17 mile loop, the CMS detector picked up something unusual. The team feverishly pored over the data, and ultimately came to an unlikely conclusion—in their tests, they had accidentally created a rainbow universe. [7] The universe may have existed forever, according to a new model that applies quantum correction terms to complement Einstein's theory of general relativity. The model may also account for dark matter and dark energy, resolving multiple problems at once. [6] This paper explains the Accelerating Universe, the Special and General Relativity from the observed effects of the accelerating electrons, causing naturally the experienced changes of the electric field potential along the moving electric charges. The accelerating electrons explain not only the Maxwell Equations and the Special Relativity, but the Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation, the wave particle duality and the electron’s spin also, building the bridge between the Classical and Relativistic Quantum Theories. The Big Bang caused acceleration created the radial currents of the matter and since the matter composed of negative and positive charges, these currents are creating magnetic field and attracting forces between the parallel moving electric currents. This is the gravitational force experienced by the matter, and also the mass is result of the electromagnetic forces between the charged particles. The positive and negative charged currents attracts each other or by the magnetic forces or by the much stronger electrostatic forces. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[3] viXra:1504.0008 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-01 10:26:33

Photon's Births And Deaths

Authors: Wei-Xiong Huang
Comments: 7 Pages.

UHT make atomic decomposition into photons. Photon slowdown become low speed photon. ULT make micro speed photons aggregated into atom. Nuclear star make atoms decomposed into photons, jet out distant space. Photon deceleration become low speed photon. Low speed photon deceleration become micro speed photon. Micro speed photons aggregation into atom. Atoms gathered into cosmic dust. Cosmic dust gathered into celestial body. Celestial body eventually integrated into nuclear star. Photon, low speed photon, micro speed photon, is three different motion speed substance. Atomic=>Photon=>Low speed photon=>Micro speed photon=>Atom. Three motion morphology substance cycles alternating converting, maintain universe density homeostasis.
Category: Astrophysics

[2] viXra:1504.0005 [pdf] replaced on 2015-06-04 08:45:10

Stability of the Moons Orbits in Solar System in the Restricted Three-Body Problem

Authors: Sergey V. Ershkov
Comments: 17 Pages. 3 Figs.; Key Words: restricted three-body problem, orbit of the Moon, relative motion

We consider the equations of motion of three-body problem in a Lagrange form (which means a consideration of relative motions of 3-bodies in regard to each other). Analyzing such a system of equations, we consider in details the case of moon’s motion of negligible mass m₃ around the 2-nd of two giant-bodies m₁, m₂ (which are rotating around their common centre of masses on Kepler’s trajectories), the mass of which is assumed to be less than the mass of central body. Under assumptions of R3BP, we obtain the equations of motion which describe the relative mutual motion of the centre of mass of 2-nd giant-body m₂ (Planet) and the centre of mass of 3-rd body (Moon) with additional effective mass placed in that centre of mass. They should be rotating around their common centre of masses on Kepler’s elliptic orbits. For negligible effective mass it gives the equations of motion which should describe a quasi-elliptic orbit of 3-rd body (Moon) around the 2-nd body m₂ (Planet) for most of the moons of the Planets in Solar system. But the orbit of Earth’s Moon should be considered as non-constant elliptic motion for the effective mass 0.0178m₂ placed in the centre of mass for the 3-rd body (Moon). The position of their common centre of masses should obviously differ for the real mass m₃ = 0.0123m₂ and for the effective mass (0.0055+0.0123)m₂ placed in the centre of mass of the Moon.
Category: Astrophysics

[1] viXra:1504.0001 [pdf] submitted on 2015-04-01 03:27:28

Chameleon Dark Matter and Energy

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 12 Pages.

Is dark energy a cosmic chameleon that can fade into its surroundings? A recent test brings the mysterious anti-gravitational force down to earth. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics