Astrophysics

1602 Submissions

[36] viXra:1602.0362 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-28 11:03:36

The Relation of Mass to Youth in Stellar Evolution/Planet Formation According to Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

A simple relation of youth to mass is given concerning stellar evolution according to stellar metamorphosis. Youth and mass are directly proportional for young stars, and become less proportional as they age depending on how much matter was accreted during the star’s evolution.
Category: Astrophysics

[35] viXra:1602.0361 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-28 11:05:38

Correcting Wikipedia Again Concerning Stars’ Evolutionary Paths

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

Since Wikipedia will revert edits to their pages to account for incorrect theories simply because they are status quo, it is suggested a simple edit so that future scientists can see where they made grave mistakes in theory, preventing our understanding of the stars. This paper also serves as a warning to future scientists to always be aware of how powerful group think and the perception of scientific authority can be. Think for yourself! Do not trust authority! Authorities have led us astray multiple times in history, it is up to us to correct them!
Category: Astrophysics

[34] viXra:1602.0336 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-26 13:51:14

Correcting the Exoplanet Page on Wikipedia Concerning their Formation and Evolution

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

Since Wikipedia will revert edits to account for status quo, regardless if status quo is incorrect, it is presented a correction to the exoplanet page to account for superior theory. The main purpose is to provide a timestamp of the events which are transpiring, as well provide an alternative to the dogma. The new theory is called stellar metamorphosis.
Category: Astrophysics

[33] viXra:1602.0330 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-25 13:58:30

An Explanation of Mercury's Perihelion Shift by Asteroid Impact

Authors: Wolfgang Westenberger
Comments: 4 Pages.

SUMMARY: Heavy asteroid impacts can explain the perihelion shift of Mercury. As the kinetic energy of both Mercury and any asteroid is known, vector analysis of the deviation may be carried out. Pendulum experiments are bearing out vector analysis.
Category: Astrophysics

[32] viXra:1602.0324 [pdf] replaced on 2020-07-13 08:28:17

Astronomical Evidence for an Alternative to Dark Matter?

Authors: Alphonsus J. Fagan
Comments: 20 Pages. Updated

Unexplained gravitational potentials in deep space have been generally attributed to dark matter. This paper explores an alternative that unites the concepts of dark matter and dark energy, and is rooted in the idea that space is a tangible ‘substance’ that is being created at different rates at different locations. The concept of congenital gravitational structure ('structural gravity') is introduced and the possibility that antimatter experiences anti-gravity is discussed. Among other things, the conjectures predict the phenomenon of 'inverse gravitational lensing' and possible examples are identified — in particular as associated with the peculiar galaxy known as Hoag's Object. The conjectures also offer possible explanations for a number of poorly understood phenomena, including: the antimatter cloud; dark matter halos; the vacuum catastrophe; counter-rotating galaxies; the Hubble radius; and, large scale cosmic features. Although the ideas are mainly discussed at a conceptual level, the proposed model also makes a number of testable predictions.
Category: Astrophysics

[31] viXra:1602.0314 [pdf] replaced on 2018-04-18 05:39:01

How a Massive Planet Can Affect Human Consciousnesses When Passing Nearby the Sun

Authors: Fran De Aquino
Comments: 10 Pages.

Evidences of a giant planet orbiting our sun, in an orbit whose period would last approximately of 15 thousand years it seems to have been found. The orbit of the new planet is gigantic, never coming closer to the Sun than 30.5 billion kilometers. The discovery of planets whose orbits go beyond Pluto is not new. We know Sedna, Haumea and Makemake, and also Eris, which is more massive than Pluto. But all these planets have much less mass than the giant planet that was recently found orbiting our sun. Here we show how massive planets like these can affect the human consciousnesses, when they approach the Sun, and pass nearby the Earth.
Category: Astrophysics

[30] viXra:1602.0311 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-24 14:18:25

Discovery Finds Missing Matter in the Universe

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 13 Pages.

An international team of scientists using a combination of radio and optical telescopes has for the first time managed to identify the location of a fast radio burst, allowing them to confirm the current cosmological model of the distribution of matter in the universe. [11] Invisibility — like time travel, teleportation, flying, and super-speed — has been a fixture in science fiction ever since science fiction has existed. The most well-known examples range from the one used by the Romulans in Star Trek, Harry Potter's deathly hallows cloaking device, and the eleven cloak Frodo and Sam used to evade Sauron's army at the gates of Mordor. There are hundreds, if not thousands, of other mentions in books, movies and television. Over the years, many scientists have come up with inventive ways to hide objects from sight (one includes a 3D printer); only the process is certainly much more complex than science fiction makes it look. [10] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[29] viXra:1602.0309 [pdf] replaced on 2019-02-14 21:04:54

The Astrochemical Principle of Planet Formation and Stellar Evolution According to Stellar Metamorphosis

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 2 Pages. will need to branch off into geology for another paper

It is presented a rule of thumb or principle with regards to astrochemical understanding in explaining planet formation and stellar evolution. Some additional ideas are also added to clarify this principle with regards to the rock cycle and basic geological features, such as promoting "magma" as surface activity earlier in Earth's history
Category: Astrophysics

[28] viXra:1602.0293 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-23 07:43:07

The Refractory Principle of Planet Formation

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is provided a simple principle of planet formation in light of needing refractory material to melt iron and nickel into alloy in any amount. These alloys are called taenite and kamacite.
Category: Astrophysics

[27] viXra:1602.0281 [pdf] replaced on 2016-04-19 09:39:42

What is Time?

Authors: Edward G. Lake
Comments: 8 Pages.

Albert Einstein’s explanation of Time Dilation [1], along with “The Twin Paradox” explained by Paul Langevin [2], pose two scientific questions: (1) ”What IS Time if it can be dilated?” and (2) “HOW is Time dilated by velocity and gravity?” The answers in this paper may be only a revisualization of what has been known for over a century, but it appears the topic has never before been explained by a layman in layman’s terms. This paper is an expansion of an observation about Time Dilation described in my previous paper: “Time Dilation Re-Visualized.[3]”
Category: Astrophysics

[26] viXra:1602.0263 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-21 10:06:01

Last and Final Historic Statement from Hasmukh K. Tank

Authors: Hasmukh K. Tank
Comments: Single-page Note

Through my write-ups I have been trying, most politely, to convince the influential readers, that Big-Bang Model of Cosmology needs reconsideration, because, there are many possibilities, some of them pointed out by me, that the intergalactic photon can loose its energy. Now, I declare my final words: 1. The Big Bang Model of Cosmology is an illusion, arisen from the mathematical model, of space-time-continuum. Because, time is not a physical entity. 2. Big banger's belief that time too began with the big bang, and there was no time before the bang, is an incorrect out-come of the mathematical model. Time is actually a dimension of our consciousness, our mind, that we use for perceiving and understanding. 3. Correct theory is that in which the photon looses its energy, and gets red shifted. 4. Similarly, the anthropic-principle is also not correct, nor the many-world interpretation of the quantum mechanics. 5. There was a reason why Einstein was not awarded the Nobel Prize for any of his Relativity Theory. Physics is not mathematics. A model may predict some thing, but it does not mean that it describes the real physical process. Scientific community should choose, whether they are ready to consider Hasmukh K. Tanks views, or want to remain deluded for centuries to come. Yours faithfully, Hasmukh K. Tank
Category: Astrophysics

[25] viXra:1602.0262 [pdf] replaced on 2016-08-02 07:42:12

The Gravitational Collapse Principle

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is outlined a basic principle to stellar evolution/planet formation regarding gravitational collapse.
Category: Astrophysics

[24] viXra:1602.0245 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-20 06:17:11

Gamma Ray Accompany Gravity Wave

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 10 Pages.

Last week's announcement that Gravitational Waves (GW) have been detected for the first time—as a result of the merger of two black holes—is huge news. But now a Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) originating from the same place, and that arrived at Earth 0.4 seconds after the GW, is making news. Isolated black holes aren't supposed to create GRB's; they need to be near a large amount of matter to do that. [6] In a landmark discovery for physics and astronomy, international scientists said Thursday they have glimpsed the first direct evidence of gravitational waves, or ripples in space-time, which Albert Einstein predicted a century ago. [5] Scientists at the National Institute for Space Research in Brazil say an undiscovered type of matter could be found in neutron stars (illustration shown). Here matter is so dense that it could be 'squashed' into strange matter. This would create an entire 'strange star'-unlike anything we have seen. [4] The changing acceleration of the electrons explains the created negative electric field of the magnetic induction, the electromagnetic inertia, the changing relativistic mass and the Gravitational Force, giving a Unified Theory of the physical forces. Taking into account the Planck Distribution Law of the electromagnetic oscillators also, we can explain the electron/proton mass rate and the Weak and Strong Interactions.
Category: Astrophysics

[23] viXra:1602.0243 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-19 20:44:15

What Ligo Experiment Actually Detected?

Authors: Mihai Grumazescu
Comments: 6 Pages.

Spacetime distortion by matter is a purely abstract concept. Consequently, spacetime elusive ripples are unlikely to have been detected in the natural world. In a proposed gravitational model, it is assumed that a net linear momentum is constantly generated in the direction of each nucleon's spin due to an asymmetric vibration of the quarks and gluons. The atomic nucleus is a kinetic dipole and a neutrino transceiver. Nucleons generate the whole package contributing to the phenomenon of gravity: the self-propelling force through the kinetic dipole and the information on their instant position in space through neutrinos carrying it. Gravitational lensing could be just a neutrino-photon interaction. Instead of gravitational waves, the LIGO experiment may have detected a form of gravitational lensing due to an increased flux of high energy neutrinos produced by the alleged gravitational event.
Category: Astrophysics

[22] viXra:1602.0237 [pdf] replaced on 2017-04-21 06:00:51

A Two-Step Integrated Theory of Everything - Revision B

Authors: Anthony A. Colella
Comments: 56 Pages.

Two opposing Theory of Everything (TOE) visions are: a Two-Step Integrated TOE consisting of a fundamental physics step followed by a mathematics step; and the prevailing Hawking’s single mathematics step. Two steps are essential because of unknown answers to key outstanding physics questions upon which the mathematics step is dependent but cannot answer by itself. Furthermore, since Hawking’s single mathematics step TOE had near zero results after a century of attempts, it should be amplified to a Two-Step Integrated TOE. The fundamental physics step of a Two-Step Integrated TOE had three goals. First, “Everything” was defined as 20 interrelated amplified theories and their intimate physical relationships with each other. The 20 theories were; superstring, particle creation, inflation, Higgs forces, spontaneous symmetry breaking, superpartner and Standard Model (SM) decays, neutrino oscillations, dark matter, universe expansions, dark energy, messenger particles, relative strengths of forces, Super Universe (multiverse), stellar black holes, black hole entropy, arrow of time, cosmological constant problem, black hole information paradox, baryogenesis, and quantum gravity. Second, all key outstanding physics questions were answered including: What are Higgs forces, dark energy, dark matter, stellar black holes, the seven extra dimensions, etc.; and what caused the start of our universe, hierarchy problem, black hole information paradox, baryogenesis, cosmological constant problem, etc.? Third, correct inputs were provided for the two part second mathematics step to follow, an E8 Lie algebra for particles and an N-body simulation for cosmology. Higgs forces theory was the most important of 20 theories and its amplifications included: 32 associated super supersymmetric Higgs particles (17 Higgs forces and 15 Higgsinos); matter particles and their associated Higgs forces were one and inseparable; spontaneous symmetry breaking was bidirectional and caused by high universe temperatures, not Higgs forces; Higgs forces and W/Z’s were key to particle decay; mass was given to a matter particle by its Higgs force and gravitons; and the sum of 8 Higgs forces associated with 8 permanent matter particles was dark energy. The subatomic counterpart of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table of elements is Fig. 9 Fundamental SM/supersymmetric/super symmetric matter and force particles on p. 18, which explicitly shows Higgs particles’ supremacy. A Two-Step Integrated TOE is consistent with both the SM for particles and the SM for cosmology (Lambda cold dark matter).
Category: Astrophysics

[21] viXra:1602.0183 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-15 10:35:29

Detecting Gravitational Waves by Video Shooting the Standing Wave Pattern and Diffraction Pattern

Authors: Dhananjay P. Mehendale
Comments: 12 Pages

We propose two novel techniques for assuredly detecting Gravitational Waves through enhancement techniques proposed to make these ridiculously tiny waves detectable. Suppose that the Gravitational Waves are passing through the spacetime fabric, say, through a region bounded by two planes parallel to say X-Y plane, i.e. through a slab parallel to the X-Y plane. The first technique that we propose consists of continuously photographing the Standing Wave Pattern that we create in this slab which is bounded by two planes parallel to say X-Y plane, and through this slab these incredibly feeble waves are passing and causing stretching and squeezing in this region parallel to X-Y plane. We create Standing Wave Pattern in this slab parallel to the X-Y plane, which has extent simultaneously along X as well as Y axis, and we video shoot this region by fixing camera at a suitable height on say Z axis while Gravitational Waves are passing through it. Through this camera we video shoot the region of X-Y plane, to capture as large region as possible, where we have created the Standing Wave Pattern, which is present simultaneously along X as well as Y axis due to our special experimental arrangement. In the second technique we propose to create 2-dimensional Fraunhofer Diffraction Pattern due to a square shaped aperture, and also due to circular shaped aperture, kept parallel to X-Y plane in the slab through which Gravitational Waves will be passing causing stretching and squeezing of this region parallel to X-Y plane. Below this slab bounded by two planes parallel to X-Y plane we keep the screen on which 2-dimensional Fraunhofer Diffraction Pattern will be produced. As previous by fixing camera at a suitable height on Z axis we carry out photographing (video-shooting) of this 2-dimensional Fraunhofer Diffraction Pattern. Is there any simple way to enhance the extremely tiny local effects of stretching and squeezing of spacetime fabric when these waves pass through it? We suggest in this paper two novel techniques which propose to enhance the locally occurring effects on spacetime when Gravitational Waves pass through it through the technique of cumulative additions of such several tiny effects occurred locally into a big assuredly detectable and measurable effect!!
Category: Astrophysics

[20] viXra:1602.0179 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-15 12:04:07

Equation of Everything

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 4 Pages.

Equation of the universe (quantum gravity equation). [1] quantum gravity equation [2] Grounds zero cosmological constant of quantum gravity equation. [3] The challenge of quantum gravity equation. [4] The challenge quantum gravity equation, part 2 [5] The challenge of quantum gravity equation (3) [6] Gravity equations apply to particle physics. [7] universal gravitation constant is zero when all things become the vacuum. [8] all things equation diagram [9] Cover of quantum gravity equation.
Category: Astrophysics

[19] viXra:1602.0168 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-15 02:21:57

Double Slit Experiment Interpretation by Gravity Waves.

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 6 Pages.

Double slit experiment interpretation by gravity waves. Elementary pulsation principle predict the particle mass flickering. Due to relativistic mass flickering raises the gravity waves. Career change in the interference of gravity waves.
Category: Astrophysics

[18] viXra:1602.0165 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-14 14:09:51

Down-to-Earth Explanation for the 'Cosmological Red Shift' and It's Evidence

Authors: Hasmukh K. Tank
Comments: Five-page letter

We first recall here that (i) the ratio of: (loss in energy of cosmologically red-shifting photon) and (loss in electrostatic potential-energy of an electron at the same distance D) remains equal to the famous ratio (G me mp) / e2 (ii) Also the ratio h H0 / me c2 = (G me mp) / e2 [1] These findings lead us towards a possibility that ‘cosmological red-shift’ may be caused by some mechanism in which the photon itself may be radiating out gravitational waves, and loosing its energy. It is well known [2-3-4] that a ‘photon’ can have ‘spin angular momentum (SAM) as well as ‘orbital angular momentum (OAM), which is comparable with a particle orbiting around its axis of motion. So, it is proposed here that OAM of the photon is expected to radiate gravitational waves, and cause continuous loss in its energy, which we seem to have been observing as the ‘cosmological red shift’.
Category: Astrophysics

[17] viXra:1602.0163 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-14 08:25:20

Discovering Dark Matter Particles

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 14 Pages.

Technological advances are ushering in a new era of understanding in the search for fundamental physical particles-including dark matter-scientists will tell a public event. [13] The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter experiment, which operates nearly a mile underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in the Black Hills of South Dakota, has already proven itself to be the most sensitive detector in the hunt for dark matter, the unseen stuff believed to account for most of the matter in the universe. Now, a new set of calibration techniques employed by LUX scientists has again dramatically improved the detector's sensitivity. [12] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[16] viXra:1602.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-13 10:39:13

Amusing Connections Among Some Astrophysical Parameters

Authors: Hasmukh K. Tank
Comments: Four-page letter

This letter points out some interesting correlations among cosmological parameters, like Hubble’s constant H0, radius of the universe R0 and total-mass of the universe M0 which may prove to be a clue to deeper understanding of physics.
Category: Astrophysics

[15] viXra:1602.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-12 05:41:47

A Two-Step Integrated Theory of Everything

Authors: Antonio A. Colella
Comments: 7 Pages.

Two opposing Theory of Everything (TOE) visions are, a Two-Step Integrated TOE consisting of a fundamental physics step followed by a mathematics step, and the prevailing Stephen Hawking’s single mathematics step. The essence of the Two-Step Integrated TOE’s fundamental physics step is the intimate relationships between 20 existing theories. Currently, these 20 theories are independent of each other because physicists in one theory worked independently of physicists in the 19 other theories. Intimate relationships between 7 of the 20 theories (e.g., string, particle creation, inflation, Higgs forces, spontaneous symmetry breaking, dark energy, and dark matter) follow.
Category: Astrophysics

[14] viXra:1602.0136 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-12 06:09:50

The Search for Life in the Universe

Authors: Sergej Plotkin
Comments: 5 Pages.

In the paper we propose another way in contacting other civilizations. We give an explanation why Fermi paradox exists ie we explain the Great Silence.
Category: Astrophysics

[13] viXra:1602.0126 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-11 01:31:25

Mercury: Planet or Comet? Nikitin V. N., Nikitin I.v. Mercury – a Comet Nucleus

Authors: Nikitin V. N., Nikitin I.V.
Comments: 1 Page.

Mercury – a comet nucleus
Category: Astrophysics

[12] viXra:1602.0124 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-10 14:22:49

Pulsating Hypothesis Reveals Higgs Mechanism

Authors: Terubumi Honjou
Comments: 6 Pages.

Pulsating hypothesis reveals Higgs mechanism. * Photons are pulsating and getting forward. In the 4-dimensional space * Zigzag progress of photons is same as the Higgs mechanism.  Particle acquires mass. * Dark energy is equivalent to the Higgs field and the mass of small amplitude of the zig-zag.
Category: Astrophysics

[11] viXra:1602.0123 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-10 14:23:03

The Nuclear Age Ruined Astrophysical Philosophy

Authors: Jeffrey Joseph Wolynski
Comments: 1 Page.

It is apparent that assumptions were falsely applied to the stars and their evolutionary paths. A simplified step by step realization is outlined concerning the downfall of common sense in the astrophysical sciences.
Category: Astrophysics

[10] viXra:1602.0118 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-10 04:52:26

Could be Explained the Origin of Dark Matter and Dark Energy Through the Introduction of a Virtual Proper Time ?

Authors: Nikolai V. Volkov
Comments: 18 Pages.

If we introduce a virtual proper time in the space-time metric, then any physical field is complemented by its own virtual field. This virtual field has an energy-momentum and a massive in the presence of field sources. In this article we consider the above phenomenon for the electromagnetic (Maxwell`s) field whose own virtual field is scalar-electric. This virtual scalar-electric field is massive in the presence of electric charges and currents. In the case of gravitational field its massive virtual field has an energy-momentum and manifests itself in gravitational interactions. Such massive virtual field could explain the origin of dark matter and dark energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[9] viXra:1602.0115 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-10 01:21:40

Superlight Dark Matter Detection

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 19 Pages.

To address this problem, physicists are working on developing ever more sensitive dark matter detectors. In a new paper, researchers have proposed a new type of dark matter detector made of superconductors—materials that conduct electricity with zero resistance at ultracold temperatures—that may offer the highest sensitivity yet for detecting "superlight" dark matter. Superlight dark matter has a mass at the low end of the range of 1 keV (1000 electron volts) to 10 GeV, or in other words, up to a million times lighter than the proton. [17] Physicists believe that such dark matter is composed of (as yet undefined) elementary particles that stick together thanks to gravitational force. In a study recently published in EPJ C, scientists from the CRESST-II research project use the so-called phonon-light technique to detect dark matter. [16] A team of researchers at MIT has succeeded in creating a double film coating that is able to convert infrared light at modest intensities into visible light. In their paper published in the journal Nature Photonics, the team describes their film, how well it works and the possible uses for it. [15] Before the Hawaii-bound storm Julio strengthened into a hurricane, a NASA satellite spotted a high-energy flash of "dark lightning" coming from the swirling clouds. [14] Researchers may have uncovered a way to observe dark matter thanks to a discovery involving X-ray emissions. [13] Between 2009 and 2013, the Planck satellite observed relic radiation, sometimes called cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Today, with a full analysis of the data, the quality of the map is now such that the imprints left by dark matter and relic neutrinos are clearly visible. [12] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter. The Weak Interaction changes the temperature dependent Planck Distribution of the electromagnetic oscillations and changing the non-compensated dark matter rate, giving the responsibility to the sterile neutrino.
Category: Astrophysics

[8] viXra:1602.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-09 06:13:48

Dark Matter, Dark Universe

Authors: Ahab bahlool
Comments: 6 Pages.

answer for the question: what is dark matter?
Category: Astrophysics

[7] viXra:1602.0105 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-09 07:25:32

An Integrated Higgs Force Theory

Authors: Antonio A. Colella
Comments: 7 Pages.

An integrated Higgs force theory was primarily based on Higgs force requirements amplifications. Two key amplifications were a matter particle/Higgs force were one and inseparable and a matter particle/Higgs force bidirectionally condensed and evaporated from and to the super force. These amplifications were the basis of matter creation, baryogenesis, superpartner and Standard Model (SM) decays, spontaneous symmetry breaking, and stellar black hole evaporation. Additional Higgs amplifications included: our universe’s 129 matter and force particles contained 64 supersymmetric Higgs particles; nine transient matter particles/Higgs forces decayed to eight permanent matter particles/Higgs forces; the Higgs force was a residual super force; and mass was given to a matter particle by its Higgs force and gravitons. The sum of eight Higgs forces associated with eight permanent matter particles was dark energy.
Category: Astrophysics

[6] viXra:1602.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-06 10:04:47

Bright Light on Dark Matter

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 18 Pages.

Bright Light on Dark Matter Physicists believe that such dark matter is composed of (as yet undefined) elementary particles that stick together thanks to gravitational force. In a study recently published in EPJ C, scientists from the CRESST-II research project use the so-called phonon-light technique to detect dark matter. [18] The XENON1T Experiment hopes to finally detect and prove the existence of dark matter particles with the help of much, much more sensitive equipment. [17] Dark matter has never been seen directly, but scientists know that something massive is out there due to its gravitational effects on visible matter. One explanation for how such a large amount of mass appears to be right in front of our eyes yet completely invisible by conventional means is that the dark matter is hiding in the centers of stars. [16] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Preliminary evidence of solar axions in XMM-Newton observations has quite recently been published by Fraser et al. These authors also estimate the axion mass to be m = 2.3 * 10-6 eV. Since an axion with this mass behaves as a cold dark matter particle, the considered preliminary detection directly concerns cold dark matter as well. So, it would be a revolutionary discovery if confirmed. Unfortunately, we have identified three distinct flaws in the analysis by Fraser et al. which ultimately make it totally irrelevant both for axions and for cold dark matter. [15] Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[5] viXra:1602.0047 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-04 12:09:29

A New Dark Matter Density Profile for Milky Way to Demonstrate that Dark Matter is Generated by Gravitational Field

Authors: Manuel Abarca Hernandez
Comments: 18 Pages.

The main target this paper is to check a theory about dark matter nature, which was published by the author in previous papers. It was postulated it that dark matter density is a function which depend on E, gravitational field. In this work has been calculated a new function for DM density for Milky Way. Reader could think, why disturb me with a new DM density profile, called Bernoulli profile in this paper, whose values have relative differences with NFW ones below 15%? The reason is clear. This DM profile has been got starting from hypothesis that DM is generated by the own gravitational field. Therefore if DM Bernoulli profile fits perfectly to NFW DM profile then it is possible conclude that observational data supports author´s hypothesis about DM nature. To find reasons that author has to do so daring statement, reader can consult [1] Abarca,M.2014. Dark matter model by quantum vacuum. [2] Abarca,M.2015. Dark matter density function depending on gravitational field as Universal law. [3] Abarca,M.2015. A new dark matter density profile for NGC 3198 galaxy to demonstrate that dark matter is generated by gravitational field. [4] Abarca, M.2016.A New Dark Matter Density Profile for M33 Galaxy to Demonstrate that Dark Matter is Generated by Gravitational Field. [5] Abarca, M.2016.A New Dark Matter Density Profile for M31 Galaxy to Demonstrate that Dark Matter is Generated by Gravitational Field. Briefly will be explained method followed to develop this paper. Firstly are presented rotation curve and table with data about rotational velocity depending on radius inside Milky Way galaxy. These data come from [6] Sofue,Y.2015. In fourth epigraph, velocity data has been fitted as power function depending on radius. In fifth chapter, it has been calculated and tabulated gravitational field through Virial theorem, which it is got as a direct calculus having velocity data depending on radius. In this paper, dominion of gravitational E extends from 30 kpc to 200 kpc. In sixth epigraphs it has been tabulated data of NFW DM density profile published by [6] Sofue, Y.2015. for Milky Way. In seventh epigraph has been fitted data of NFW DM density profile as power of gravitational field, E, with a correlation coefficient bigger than 0,999. Particularly formula found is Density of D.M = A•E^B .Where A = 7.310686 •10-7 B= 1,59883364 and correlation coefficient r = 0,9997776774 into I.S. of units. In eighth epigraph it has been compared DM density as power of E and NFW profiles. Tables and plots show clearly that relative differences between both profiles are almost everywhere below 6%. In ninth epigraph it is considered derivative of gravitational field in halo region (30 to 200 kpc) where density of baryonic matter is negligible regarding DM density. As consequence M´(r)= 4Pi•r^2•D.M Density and considering that Density of D.M = A•E^B then. M´(r) = 4Pi • r^2 •A•E^B. If M´(r) is replaced on derivative of E (r) then it is got a Bernoulli differential equation whose solution allows to get a new DM density profile through formula Density of D.M = A•E^B. In tenth epigraph Bernoulli and NFW DM density profiles have been compared. Its relative differences are below 16% for radius bigger than 60 kpc, and below 18% in the whole dominion, from 30 kpc to 200 kpc. This is a superb result, specially if it is considered that Do parameter of NFW profile has 40 % as relative error and velocity measures of rotation curve have error bigger than 15% in the whole dominion.
Category: Astrophysics

[4] viXra:1602.0037 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-03 13:25:01

Dark Matter in Milky Way's Center?

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 15 Pages.

Bursts of gamma rays from the center of our galaxy (shown above) are not likely to be signals of dark matter but rather other astrophysical phenomena such as fast-rotating stars called millisecond pulsars, according to two new studies, one from a team based at Princeton University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and another based in the Netherlands. [16] Recent research conducted by scientists from the University of Granada can contribute to determine the nature of dark matter, one of the most important mysteries in physics. [15] Scientists have detected a mysterious X-ray signal that could be caused by dark matter streaming out of our Sun's core. Hidden photons are predicted in some extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics, and unlike WIMPs they would interact electromagnetically with normal matter. In particle physics and astrophysics, weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs, are among the leading hypothetical particle physics candidates for dark matter. The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter.
Category: Astrophysics

[3] viXra:1602.0034 [pdf] replaced on 2016-02-05 00:46:51

The Initially Searches of Galaxies Merger

Authors: Yibing Qiu
Comments: 1 Page.

Abstract: giving the cause and process of small galaxies merger.
Category: Astrophysics

[2] viXra:1602.0026 [pdf] submitted on 2016-02-02 10:43:21

Asymmetric Dark Matter Particle Models

Authors: George Rajna
Comments: 17 Pages.

Physicists believe that such dark matter is composed of (as yet undefined) elementary particles that stick together thanks to gravitational force. In a study recently published in EPJ C, scientists from the CRESST-II research project use the so-called phonon-light technique to detect dark matter. [16] A team of researchers at MIT has succeeded in creating a double film coating that is able to convert infrared light at modest intensities into visible light. In their paper published in the journal Nature Photonics, the team describes their film, how well it works and the possible uses for it. [15] Before the Hawaii-bound storm Julio strengthened into a hurricane, a NASA satellite spotted a high-energy flash of "dark lightning" coming from the swirling clouds. [14] Researchers may have uncovered a way to observe dark matter thanks to a discovery involving X-ray emissions. [13] Between 2009 and 2013, the Planck satellite observed relic radiation, sometimes called cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. Today, with a full analysis of the data, the quality of the map is now such that the imprints left by dark matter and relic neutrinos are clearly visible. [12] The gravitational force attracting the matter, causing concentration of the matter in a small space and leaving much space with low matter concentration: dark matter and energy. There is an asymmetry between the mass of the electric charges, for example proton and electron, can understood by the asymmetrical Planck Distribution Law. This temperature dependent energy distribution is asymmetric around the maximum intensity, where the annihilation of matter and antimatter is a high probability event. The asymmetric sides are creating different frequencies of electromagnetic radiations being in the same intensity level and compensating each other. One of these compensating ratios is the electron – proton mass ratio. The lower energy side has no compensating intensity level, it is the dark energy and the corresponding matter is the dark matter. The Weak Interaction changes the temperature dependent Planck Distribution of the electromagnetic oscillations and changing the non-compensated dark matter rate, giving the responsibility to the sterile neutrino.
Category: Astrophysics

[1] viXra:1602.0001 [pdf] replaced on 2016-02-02 04:15:34

Mach's Principle Based Explanation for the Cosmological Red Shift and It's Evidence

Authors: Hasmukh K. Tank
Comments: Six page full paper

We first find here that the ratio of: (loss in energy of cosmologically red-shifting photon) and (loss in electrostatic potential-energy of an electron at the same distance D) remains equal to the famous ratio (G me mp) / e2 leading us towards a possibility that ‘cosmological red-shift’ may be due to gravitational effect. Also the ratio h H0 / me c^2 = (G me mp) / e^2. Starting with Mach’s principle, that ‘mass’ of an object is because of its ‘cosmic gravitational potential energy’, we arrive at a possibility that every chunk of matter and energy should experience a fixed value of acceleration H0 c. For the purpose of comparison we express the ‘cosmological red shift’ as deceleration of the photon, and find that the deceleration experienced by the photon matches perfectly with the expected value H0 c. Then it is argued that if such a deceleration is true for a chunk of energy called photon, then it must be true for every particle of matter too. Strikingly, the decelerations experienced by the space-probes Pioneer-10, Pioneer-11, Galileo and Ulysses, as carefully measured by Anderson J.D. ET. Al. match perfectly with the deceleration of the ‘cosmologically red-shifting photons’; thus providing supportive evidence for the explanation proposed here.
Category: Astrophysics