Climate Research

1811 Submissions

[5] viXra:1811.0499 [pdf] replaced on 2019-10-13 01:20:38

The Greenhouse Gases and Infrared Radiation Misconceived by Thermoelectric Transducers

Authors: Blair D Macdonald
Comments: 83 Pages.

Greenhouse theory has at its foundation a special group of trace gases and molecules. Together these gases are claimed to be the only ones that absorb infrared radiation. The assumption that the remaining gases, nitrogen and oxygen, do not absorb or emit infrared radiation presents a paradox; it contradicts both quantum mechanics and the laws of thermodynamics which prescribes that all matter above absolute zero degrees Kelvin radiates infrared photons. In this study, the role of thermoelectric detectors as used to determine the ‘infrared atmosphere’ was investigated. This study hypothesises that current greenhouse theory has misinterpreted the significance of those special greenhouse gases (CO2 etc.) since they and their spectral ‘modes’ are detected only by thermoelectric transducers: that they are the thermoelectric gases. It was concluded that the special (1%) greenhouse gases, discovered by Tyndall in ca. 1859, are really only those detected by thermo-electric transducers. ‘IR’ spectroscopy is also based on these thermoelectric transducers, and as a consequence, ‘IR’ spectrographs show only the spectral modes with electric dipoles and not Raman modes. All current Blackbody radiation theory is determined from thermoelectric measurements alone and requires revision in light of complementary modern Raman laser Spectroscopy measurements. From this thermoelectric understanding in conjunction with modern Raman Spectroscopy, it was concluded that current greenhouse theory is incomplete and misconceived. All of the atmosphere radiates IR radiation in compliance with the said laws. The only thing separating the gases are the instruments detecting them.
Category: Climate Research

[4] viXra:1811.0498 [pdf] replaced on 2020-01-25 13:54:51

Quantum Mechanics and Raman Spectroscopy Refute Greenhouse Theory

Authors: Blair D. Macdonald
Comments: Pages.

Greenhouse theory (and radiation theory as a whole) presents a paradox and contradicts both quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. Its premise claims molecular nitrogen and oxygen (99 percent of the dry atmosphere) do not transfer (emit or absorb infrared) radiation at any temperature; however, all matter above absolute zero Kelvin radiates IR photons, and ‘air’ is a very poor thermal conductor of heat (0.0262 W/(m K)) – so how does it transfer heat? It was hypothesised these gases do radiate IR photons at their quantum mechanics predicted spectra at 2338cm-1 and 1556cm-1 respectively, and these predicted spectra are observed by (thermoelectric based) IR spectroscopy’s complement instrument, the Raman Spectrometer. It was found the nitrogen and oxygen do possess quantum predicted emission spectra both within the IR range of the EMS, and these are only observed – and their respective temperatures and concentrations accurately measured – by Raman laser Spectrometers. It was concluded: using thermoelectric (IR) instruments alone without the complement Raman constitutes a systematic error and that greenhouse theory is misconceived. Raman spectrometers make IR spectroscopy redundant: they measure, more accurately the Keeling curve, and have application with meteorological Lidars and planetary atmospheric analysis. By the equipartition principle, all spectra are equal through the Boltzmann Constant. The N2-CO2 Laser showed – contrary to current greenhouse theory – N2 absorbs electrons and/or (IR) photons at its said– metastable ‘long-lasting’ – spectra mode. It was argued atmospheric CO2 is heated by the same mechanism as the N2-CO2 laser, as by physical law. N2 and the entire atmosphere absorbs IR radiation directly from the Sun and other matter. With these findings, greenhouse theory as it stands is misconceived – all gases absorb and emit IR radiation at their said QM predicted spectra – and demands review.
Category: Climate Research

[3] viXra:1811.0461 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-27 09:57:44

The Changing Trends of Climate in Context to Indian Sundarbans.

Authors: Sufia Zaman, Utpal Pal, Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato, Abhijit Mitra.
Comments: 5 Pages. https://sites.google.com/site/pjsciencea/2018/october-v-4-n-7 , Sufia Zaman, Utpal Pal, Ricardo Gobato, Alekssander Gobato, Abhijit Mitra. Parana J. Sci. Educ., v.4, n.7, (24-28), October 25, 2018.

The effects of climate change on estuarine system is reflected through the changing salinity level of the coastal and estuarine waters, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in water, the levels of pollution and turbidity due to increased rate of erosion etc. In order to get a holistic picture of the climate change we had collected data from two different sectors of Indian Sundarbans (namely western and central sectors) on surface water temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen for three decades (1980-2009). Our investigation reflects the rising trend of surface water temperatures in both the sectors reflecting the alarming trend of global warming in this part of the Indian sub-continent at the apex of Bay of Bengal. The scenario of salinity profile is conceptualized in two different ways due to variation in geographical features. The ex situ effect of Himalayan deglaciation is confirmed not only by decreasing trend of salinity in the western sector, but also through gradual increase of dissolved oxygen.
Category: Climate Research

[2] viXra:1811.0379 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-23 09:09:17

A New Approach to the Climate Issue

Authors: Magnus Carlsson, Olof Andrén
Comments: 2 Pages.

What is an archive? Drawing inspiration from game theory and decision theory, we will here submit this concept to an informal logical analysis. The motive for this study is the use of the composite concept of 'natural archives' within environmental science. We believe that new approaches are necessary in the still chaotic climate issue.
Category: Climate Research

[1] viXra:1811.0004 [pdf] submitted on 2018-11-02 04:32:35

Astronomical Climate Theory from the Point of Vortical Physics

Authors: Edgars Alksnis
Comments: 17 Pages.

Astronomical climate theory is important for sustainable development of civilisation. Enthusiasm of interested scientists has kept theory idea alive during decades of doubt. However, here is danger coming from exaggerated role of mathematics. We can find physics behind the mathematics with introduction of vortical celestial mechanics and vortical thermodynamics as basis of astronomical climate theory. Three levels of astronomical climate theory- that of Croll/ Milankovitch/Berger, that of Blizard/Landscheidt/Charvátová and galactic level are discussed here in brief from the point of DesCartes celestial mechanics and long-range cosmic influences phenomena.
Category: Climate Research