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| viXra.org > Classical Physics > 2303 |
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[16] viXra:2303.0167 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-31 01:12:19
Authors: Mark Anthony Tierno
Comments: 6 Pages.
This article builds upon my first paper, "Relation of the Internal Structure of the Photon with Field and Charge" (https://vixra.org/abs/2301.0148), and assumes that one has read that first; any references involving that paper will be referred to as "my first paper". Using the theories presented therein, this paper will determine a formula that can be used to calculate the radius of any given stable particle; i.e., protons and electrons, with the currently known radius of the proton to be used as a comparison. Following that will be provided an estimate as to the maximum number of photons that a particle can hold before its radius would expand. Finally, a fallout from all this will be the realization of a probable geometric origin for ‘e’, much like we have one for π.
Category: Classical Physics
[15] viXra:2303.0164 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-30 18:26:37
Authors: Donald H. MacAdam
Comments: 81 Pages.
The assumption that all energy is kinetic has resulted in important phenomena with unknown mechanisms: stellar rotation curves, increase in mass with increase in velocity, constancy of photon velocity, and the levitation, suspension and pinning of superconducting disks. In addition, the reason for the existence of the fine structure constant is unknown, the value of the proton-electron mass ratio is unexplained, the spectra of atoms larger than hydrogen cannot be derived, and there is no proof or disproof of cosmic inflation. All of the above issues are resolved by the existence of intrinsic energy.
Category: Classical Physics
[14] viXra:2303.0143 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-24 03:31:15
Authors: Robert Yusupov
Comments: 40 Pages. (Correction made by viXra Admin to conform with scholarly norm)
This article is devoted to the phenomenon of gravity. The author considers this phenomenon in the framework of his book "Theory of Nature". The physical quantity "gravitational quantity of the Universe" (analogous to Newton's gravitational constant) is a variable in time quantity. It increases over time according to a certain algorithm (scenario). It is directly related to the amount of available matter in the Universe at the considered moment of time.
Category: Classical Physics
[13] viXra:2303.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-24 03:33:31
Authors: Robert Yusupov
Comments: 56 Pages. (Correction made by viXra Admin to conform with scholarly norm)
This article is devoted to the question of finding an alternative system for SI. In the framework of the author's book "Theory of Nature" this issue, this problem is solved positively. The author found a system of units, which is an alternative to the modern SI.
Category: Classical Physics
[12] viXra:2303.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-22 01:29:55
Authors: Carlos Alejandro Chiappini
Comments: 6 Pages. carloschiappini@gmail.com
ENGLISH: It is a circuit that uses two transistors in a novel configuration. Minimize distortion to the point of being undetectable. It combines the properties of a preamplifier and an operational amplifier. The output level is regulated by the gain control and not by a volume potentiometer. It has two inputs, one non-inverting and one inverting. The latter makes it possible to create, for example, a very simple and very pure mixer. As a preamplifier it is ideal for microphones because the output signal is strictly identical in shape to the input signal./////////ESPAÑOL: Es un circuito que utiliza dos transistores en una configuración novedosa. Minimiza la distorsión hasta el extremo de ser indetectable. Combina las propiedades de un preamplificador y de un amplificador operacional. El nivel de salida está regulado por el control de ganancia y no por un potenciómetro de volumen. Tiene dos entradas, una no inversora y otra inversora. Esta última permite crear, por ejemplo, un mezclador muy simple y muy puro. Como pramplificador es ideal para micrófono porque la señal de salida es, en forma, rigurosamente idéntica a la señal de entrada.
Category: Classical Physics
[11] viXra:2303.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-18 03:46:25
Authors: Lev Ryzhikov
Comments: 5 Pages.
Numerous number off-the-shelf optical lenses and lens components are available for use in the design of new optical systems. But there isn’t a clear methodology on how effective there are in a real optical instrument. The reason for this is that the most common way to use off-the-shelf optical components is in metrology test stands. There is no volume restriction and off-the-shelf lenses work with low numerical apertures, field angles, and small field sizes. For this working condition, image quality is good due to small aberration. The other case is if those components will be used in real manufactured optical systems. Here lens effectiveness plays a more important role and an optimal optical system structure need to be found. In this article new method of evaluation of any lens optical components will be introduced. In other words, this method will provide a measure of the effectiveness of lens components. This method was developed for single lenses, cemented doublets, and triplets. For this approach, the new optical parameter which simultaneously includes the glass refraction index and Abbe number will be proposed. The combination of refractive index and Abbe number allow evaluation level of mono and chromatic lens aberration thru one parameter. Comparisons of wave aberration (optical path difference-OPD) for different off-the-shelf lenses and lens components will be present for all cases. In conclusion, OPD results for various optical lenses and components will be discussed.
Category: Classical Physics
[10] viXra:2303.0099 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-17 04:53:17
Authors: Peng Xiaotao
Comments: 10 Pages.
The fact that the reflected light has half-wave loss proves that the reflected light is not simply reflected from the incident light by the medium interface directly, but has a deep physical mechanism and significance. According to my long-term research, the reflected light is actually a part of the secondary light generated after the incident light makes the atoms on the reflecting interface polarize into electric dipoles. This physical phenomenon reveals the law of interaction between light and medium: the atoms in the medium are converted into electric dipoles by incident photopoles and generate secondary light, and the incident light will be gradually cancelled out and disappear by secondary light in this process. Generally, the refracted light entering the transparent medium and the transmitted light passing through the transparent medium are part of the secondary light produced by the medium, not incident light or its variant.
Category: Classical Physics
[9] viXra:2303.0098 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-17 04:56:40
Authors: Peng Xiaotao
Comments: 9 Pages.
The mechanism of Faradic magneto-optical effect is that the external magnetic field changes the motion state of electrons and nuclei in the medium, which leads to the polarization direction of the secondary refracted light which is slightly different from the incident light and is transmitted in the medium and accumulates continuously. It directly proves that refracted light is not incident light, but a new secondary light produced by the medium and related to incident light. Its physical significance will overturn people's understanding of the law of interaction between light and medium, and will have a profound and huge influence on the whole physics field.
Category: Classical Physics
[8] viXra:2303.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-17 04:58:26
Authors: Peng Xiaotao
Comments: 12 Pages.
The definition of the field (gravitation field, electric field and magnetic field) implies a hypothesis: suppose there is a point field source (mass or positive charge) of one unit on the observation point P, and the magnitude and direction of the force it receives (gravitation, Coulomb force and magnetic force) is the magnitude and direction of the field strength on the point. When the field is further extended into a continuous differentiable function in space-time, the above implicit assumption is further extended as follows: there is a point field source of one unit at all spatial positions in space-time. The objective reality is that the distribution of field sources in space-time is not continuous, nor stable. As a result, many physical theories, theorems and laws based on field and field theory cannot be consistent with objective facts. Such as: electromagnetic induction law, Gauss law, Hubble law, Maxwell equations, relativity, quantum mechanics and the Big Bang theory. This article carries on some discussion and certification, hope interested friends put forward more valuable comments and suggestions.
Category: Classical Physics
[7] viXra:2303.0096 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-16 02:02:37
Authors: Yu E. Zevatskiy
Comments: 5 Pages. Keywords: Faraday constant, electrochemical equivalent, mass spectrome- try, free fall acceleration
The numerical value of the Faraday constant as the charge of one mole of electrons has slight differences depending on the experimental technique of its measurement. An original explanation to this fact is set forth. The values of the free fall acceleration for different elements are slightly different.
Category: Classical Physics
[6] viXra:2303.0083 [pdf] replaced on 2023-04-04 03:57:10
Authors: Mark Anthony Tierno
Comments: 17 Pages. Please refer to my other paper at https://vixra.org/abs/2301.0148 first before reading this one.
This paper covers the second half of my theories, these concerning things on a more cosmological scale. The theories presented herein stem ultimately from what is going on with the photon, so an understanding of the first half of these theories presented in my paper "Relation of the Internal Structure of the Photon with Field and Charge" is required (https://vixra.org/abs/2301.0148), so please read through that first paper before proceeding; any references involving that paper will be referred to as "my first paper".I said in the closure of my first paper that you cannot understand Infinity until you know the Infinitesimal. This is quite literally true since the bulk of these cosmological theories begin by scaling up the previous discussion of the photon, the concept of force comprising energy, and the rest of it, to cosmological levels. In this paper we will see a new theory of the origin of the universe to replace the Big Bang and Inflationary models, one that does not require Dark Matter or Dark Energy to work, discuss how the model presented of the photon and the field of force emanating from it can scale up to stellar-sized gravitational fields yet still without the need for curved space, have a briefly related discussion of the problems with using the Red Shift to verify the curvature of space, put frame-dragging and time dilation into a new perspective, and discuss a theory as to what came before the so-called origin of the universe. We will also discuss the origin of force itself, and the inclusion of parallel universes into the overall theory.
Category: Classical Physics
[5] viXra:2303.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-13 00:14:49
Authors: Leonardo Rubino
Comments: 15 Pages.
Calculation of the lift in flight — Kutta-Zhukowsky’s Equation.
Category: Classical Physics
[4] viXra:2303.0062 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-10 02:30:37
Authors: Norbert Buchholz
Comments: 6 Pages.
The size of the electron is still mysterious. Quantum electrodynamics (QED) requires a radius of 0, projection theory gives a radius of 0.66943 10^(-16) m and the classical electron radius calculated via the electron's self-energy is given in the literature as 2.82794 10^(-15)m. The main subject of this work was a decided analysis of the equation system for the calculation of the classical electron radius. The following important points could be worked out: a) The factor f42, which was derived in the context of the projection theory, appears in a system of equations from the established physics. b) The classical electron radius is not 2.82794 10-15m but 1.3214098 10-15m (= λCP = smin), and this finding finds a simple explanation in the projection theory. c) The equations for the calculation of the classical electron radius or for the calculation of the Compton wavelength are, after minor transformations, completely congruent with the formulae developed in projection theory for the calculation of the electrostatic field constant ε0 or Planck's quantum of action h. These new findings clearly show that the projection theory is not an abstruse idea resp. exotic physics, but is already inherent in the existing equations of established physics and these only have to be reinterpreted to recognize the true core of our physical reality.
Category: Classical Physics
[3] viXra:2303.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2023-03-03 02:44:29
Authors: Jue Zhang
Comments: 21 Pages. In Chinese (Corrections made by viXra Admin)
The theory of this paper regards the universe as a whole space fluid. Based on three basic assumptions, the essence of quantum effects is explained with classical physics ideas. Use the ideal distribution coarse-grained method to connect the macro and micro, calculate the "particle trajectory", and give the principle of the chaotic system. Analyze the relationship between space and time and matter. Explain gravity with the water bottle experiment. Explain the physical meaning of the Schrödinger equation. Explain why light refracts. Explain the nature of electromagnetism and the physical meaning of Maxwell's equations, and give the principle of superconductivity.
Category: Classical Physics
[2] viXra:2303.0006 [pdf] replaced on 2023-03-14 03:04:33
Authors: Huang Shan
Comments: 1 Page.
Why does hydrogen atom produce ionization energy? Here we can find an answer that looks very simple or very pleasing.
Category: Classical Physics
[1] viXra:2303.0003 [pdf] replaced on 2023-03-07 06:02:44
Authors: Wolfgang Sturm
Comments: 3 Pages. Diagram corrected
"If the theory agrees with the facts, radiation transfers inertial masses between emitting and absorbing bodies." (Einstein 1905). It works!
Category: Classical Physics
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