| viXra.org > Relativity and Cosmology > 2412 |
 |
 |
| viXra.org > Relativity and Cosmology > 2412 |
|
|
[23] viXra:2412.0176 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-28 23:32:02
Authors: Bhasanpal Thiru
Comments: 2 Pages.
The glitch in the Special Theory of Relativity that has been unresolved for very long time due to its insignificance in the day to day practical application, but will be of greater significance in the upcoming era has been finally resolved.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[22] viXra:2412.0168 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-26 00:34:55
Authors: Dave E. Dunstan
Comments: 4 Pages.
A simple gravitational alternative to Hubble’s Law is presented. Measured redshifts are attributed to gravitation rather than recessional velocity. The measured redshift-distance data fits a gravitational potential with constant mass. Redshift is then a measure of the gravitational potential and the space-time curvature of the early universe. The redshift-distance data is fitted to a constant mass of 3.35 x 1053 kg (1.67 x 1023Msol) which is 2.23 times the estimated total mass of ordinary matter in the current universe. The expanding and accelerating universe are not predicted and the speculation of dark energy is no longer required.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[21] viXra:2412.0163 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-25 22:56:11
Authors: Moshe Segal
Comments: 6 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please move the author's credentials etc to a footnote)
An Axiom is a statement whose truth or validity is accepted, without providing any additionalproof or explanation why this statement is accepted as true or valid. On the other hand, Physics is about providing explanations about the Existence and the Universe, and it is expected that the Physics explanations should be accompanied by reason and proof. However, Physics does still contain statements which are presented as Axioms, even though, suchstatements are usually the basis, or the corner stones, of structures, which are built over these statements. This paper addresses this issue, about some of such statements that Physics presents as Axioms, and this paper also intends to provide an additional tentative explanation for one of these statements, which might help in providing additional validity to these statements.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[20] viXra:2412.0159 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-25 01:18:11
Authors: Paul Caracristi
Comments: 4 Pages.
This paper presents a novel interpretation of black holes, proposing that they represent a transitional process between realms of increasing and decreasing entropy. The event horizon is redefined as the beginning of this transition, where matter and energy shift from dynamic states of high gravitational interaction to a latent realm of static energy. Within this framework, space, time, entropy, and gravity progressively diminish, forming a temporal spectrum of decreasing frequency values. The core of the black hole is characterized as an asymptotic state of stasis and potentiality, a latent realm of pure potential energy. This theory challenges traditional notions of singularities and offers new perspectives on the cyclical nature of dynamic and latent realms.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[19] viXra:2412.0158 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-25 01:15:25
Authors: Paul Caracristi
Comments: 5 Pages.
The Great Attractor and Great Repeller are two prominent large-scale structures in the universe, influencing the motion of galaxies through their gravitational and proposed levitational effects. This paper proposes that the Great Attractor represents a region of strong positive spacetime curvature (gravitational field), while the Great Repeller corresponds to a region of strong negative spacetime curvature (Replusive spacetime curvature "RSC"). These dual fields generate dynamic cosmic flows, analogous to atmospheric high and low-pressure gradients on Earth. By incorporating RSC fields into cosmological models, this framework offers an alternative explanation for phenomena currently attributed to dark matter and dark energy. This perspective suggests that these enigmatic entities may not be as abundant or necessary as previously assumed, providing a new paradigm for understanding the universe’s large-scale structure and evolution.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[18] viXra:2412.0156 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-25 01:09:52
Authors: Ali Movahedian
Comments: 21 Pages. (Correction made by viXra Admin on the Submission Form - Please conform!)
Fabrika Theory introduces a novel framework in which space-time is fundamentally discrete, composed of Planck-scale cubic pixels. Gravity, within this paradigm, emerges from the annihilation dynamics of these pixels in the vicinity of mass. This paper presents a comprehensive mathematical derivation of the gravitational constant based on the principles of pixel annihilation. By setting the radial distance to the Planck length and expressing the speed of light in terms of Planck units, we derive an expression that aligns closely with its observed value. The implications of this derivation suggest a profound connection between quantum-scale structures and macroscopic gravitational phenomena, offering a potential pathway towards unifying General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics [1][2].
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[17] viXra:2412.0152 [pdf] replaced on 2025-02-18 21:39:39
Authors: Ulrich Brosinsky
Comments: 4 pages in English, 4 pages in German
This consideration is concerned with the effect of a given gravitational field on a sample body and not with the contributions made by gravitational sources according to the energy-momentum tensor. The special theory of relativity is therefore sufficient for the investigation in local approximation.a) Using the example of a movement in the direction of a gravitational field, it is shown that either the equivalence principle applies only approximately or gravity does not act on the mass but on the energy of falling bodies.b) If the equality of gravity and inertia is also to apply to bodies with internal kinetic and potential energies, then gravity is proportional to the respective energy of the individual components. Otherwise, gravity and inertia would only be approximately equal.The proportionality is transferred to the energy of the entire body despite any internal velocities.c) The planetary motion suggests a velocity-dependent gravitational force, from which the exact validity of the equivalence principle follows as well as the exact equality of gravity and inertia, even taking into account special relativistic effects.d) Newton's law of gravitation for two masses can be formulated in special relativistic terms by replacing their product with the scalar product of the "mass tangential vectors" to the world lines. This is a conclusion that is possible without recourse to general relativity.e) Short reference to the difference between the gravitational field and the electrostatic field, the force of which is independent of velocity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[16] viXra:2412.0138 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-23 01:36:30
Authors: Paul Caracristi
Comments: 4 Pages.
This paper explores a conceptual universe model that rejects traditional notions of beginnings, ends, boundaries, infinity, and nothingness. It describes the universe as a spectrum of scales and energy values, where realms of expanding voids and contracting matter coexist within a dynamic framework of implicit and explicit phenomena. The paper examines human perception and its limitations and argues that significant portions of the universe lie well beyond our perceptual and cognitive range. Using examples from cosmology, quantum mechanics, and relativity, this paper seeks to support the assertion that our understanding is necessarily incomplete yet enriched by recognizing the universe's transitional, asymmetric, and spectral nature.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[15] viXra:2412.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-23 01:34:18
Authors: Mueiz Gafer KamalEldeen
Comments: 4 Pages.
In this article, I attempted to demonstrate that generalizing the Schwarzschild solution to cases involving the motion of the gravitational source by decomposing the definition of the metric tensor, transforming the differential elements between reference systems and then reassembling it in the desired system, as presented in some recently published papers on arXiv and elsewhere, is an incorrect approach.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[14] viXra:2412.0111 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-19 02:28:27
Authors: Daniel Marques Rodrigues
Comments: 18 Pages.
This article proposes a theoretical framework for an emergent model of spacetime, conceptualized as a relational structure built from fundamental discrete interactions. The formulation is guided by the central postulate: "Nothing is empty, nothing is solitary; interactions define reality", alongside the Dual Stability Principle and the Triple Existence Principle. In the proposed model:u2022 Binary interactions (EAB) establish local equilibrium and static structure.u2022 Triple interactions (EABC) introduce dynamical complexity and emergentnon-linearity.u2022 Higher-order interactions (EA...N ) describe quantum-scale fluctuations,endowing space-time with intrinsic granularity.A mathematical formalism is developed to sum these contributions into an emergent metric tensor, which smoothly transitions between discrete (microscopic) and continuous (macroscopic) scales. Notably, the model recovers classical General Relativity (GR) solutions, including the Schwarzschild, Kerr, and FLRW metrics, in the macroscopic limit.At extreme regimes—such as black holes and the primordial universe—the model regularizes classical singularities via quantum-induced oscillations and fluctuations, ensuring finite curvature and physical consistency.Testable predictions are presented, including quantum corrections to gravitational waves near horizons (detectable by LIGO, Virgo, and LISA) and nonGaussian signatures in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), observablethrough Planck and future CMB-S4 missions. These results pave the way toward a unified gravitational description across all physical scales.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[13] viXra:2412.0101 [pdf] replaced on 2024-12-21 13:19:53
Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 21 Pages.
We recently pointed out that, under suitably defined conditions, the Schrödingerequation represents a limit case of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation (CGLE). Asgeneric prototype of complex dynamics, CGLE is naturally tied to dimensional fluctuationsconjectured to develop far above the electroweak scale. The goal of this work is to uncoveran unforeseen connection between CGLE and the equation of geodesic deviation in GeneralRelativity (GR). This connection is likely to come into play in primordial cosmology,where strongly fluctuating gravitational fields evolve in far-from-equilibrium conditions.Our findings unveil the duality between primordial gravitation and Kolmogorov entropyand suggest a potential gateway towards field unification outside Lagrangian theory
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[12] viXra:2412.0074 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-12 20:42:26
Authors: Vladimir S. Netchitailo
Comments: 7 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Further regurgitation will not be accepted; Please cite and list scientific references)
The Hypersphere World—Universe Cosmology (WUC) addresses numerous unresolved issues in modern Astrophysics and Cosmology by providing alternative explanations to the prevailing Big Bang Theory (BBT). WUC solves critical problems such as: 1) The Hubble tension; 2) The missing baryon problem; 3) The origin of Fermi bubbles; 4) The age of the Universe discrepancy; 5) The coronal heating problem; 6) Internal heating and diversity of gravitationally-rounded objects in the solar system; 7) The presence of Plutonium-244, with an 80-million-year half-life, in nature; 8) Faster core rotations of the Sun and Earth compared to their surfaces; 9) The faint young Sun paradox; 10) The black-body spectrum of cosmic microwave background radiation.Additionally, WUC eliminates fundamental issues, including: 1) The need for the Universe to begin at t=0 , avoiding a temporal singularity; 2) The angular momentum problem in galaxies and extrasolar systems evolution; 3) The matter-antimatter asymmetry; 4) The magnetic monopole problem; 5) The uneven distribution of matter and voids; 6) Singularities leading to black holes; 7) The formation of supermassive black holes; 8) The "Axis of Evil" anomaly in cosmic microwave background measurements; 9) The wave—particle duality dilemma.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[11] viXra:2412.0067 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-11 21:02:30
Authors: Mohammad Shafiq Khan
Comments: 15 Pages. Those who want to accept my open challenge should read it first.
The papers written by Lann N. Ramez are as a consequences of not understanding the fact that Einstein had used two different velocities of light in two coordinate systems though explained in great detail in the paper Mohammad ShafiqKhan (2012) thereby Einstein had violated the very postulate of constancy of velocity of light which he had introduced in Albert Einstein (1905) as in one coordinate system he adopts the velocity of light as ‘c’ which is in accordance with the postulate of constancy of velocity of light whereas in other coordinate system headopts the velocity of light as constant ‘c’ not with respect to the observer but with respect to space as he uses c+v and c-v as velocity of light. The purpose of writing the paper Mohammad Shafiq Khan (2012-Elixir-I) was to show that in the Einstein’s ‘equation of trickery’ [as declared in the Mohammad Shafiq Khan (2012)]the term ∂τ/∂t' is simply baseless, incorrect and mathematical manipulation whereas it has been shown in Mohammad Shafiq Khan (2012) that ∂τ/∂t'= 0 and also in Mohammad Shafiq Khan (2012-Elixir-II) it is again shown, by using simple calculus, that ∂τ/∂t'= 0. This demonstrates that both the papers of Lann N. Ramez are preposterous, absurd and as the result of not understanding the papers Mohammed 2 Shafiq Khan (2012) and Mohammed Shafiq Khan (2012-Elixir-I). Lann N. Ramez and Einstein have not given any logic for using two different velocities of light in two coordinate systems.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[10] viXra:2412.0066 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-10 22:09:25
Authors: Miftachul Hadi
Comments: 10 Pages.
We propose the existence of a topological object, a weak gravity knot, in the framework of an Abelian Chern-Simons action with a small negative cosmological constant (anti-de Sitter) in empty (2+1)-dimensional space-time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[9] viXra:2412.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-10 22:08:58
Authors: Miftachul Hadi
Comments: 9 Pages.
We propose the existence of a topological object, a weak gravitational knot, in the framework of an Abelian Chern-Simons action with a small positive cosmological constant in (2+1)-dimensional empty space-time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[8] viXra:2412.0064 [pdf] replaced on 2025-02-12 23:48:49
Authors: Miftachul Hadi
Comments: Written using latex, no figure, 6 pages
We propose the existence of a topological object, a Newtonian knot, in the framework of an Abelian Chern-Simons gravity with a small but non-zero negative cosmological constant in empty (2+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-time. This proposal is based on the idea that the Ricci curvature tensor consists of a set of curvature components satisfying the non-trivial Hopf maps, leading to topological structures. Working within the Abelian Chern-Simons (first-order) framework, where the dreibein and spin connection are treated as independent fields, we derive the corresponding field equations and present ansatz solutions for both fields. Our results suggest that the Newtonian knot may be a novel topological feature in low-dimensional gravity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[7] viXra:2412.0061 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-10 22:16:54
Authors: Tarun Sharma
Comments: 109 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit in pdf only; please cite and list scientific references)
This manuscript presents a theory that challenges the current understanding of gravity and introduces the existence of a fifth force of nature, which is, in fact, a redefined version of gravity. Contrary to the widely accepted notion that gravity is a result of an object’s mass, this theory posits that gravity arises from a different mechanism altogether. By redefining gravity, the theory proves the nature of dark matter and dark energy, offering explanations for phenomena that have long puzzled scientists and astronomers. This redefined gravity not only explains the nature of dark matter and dark energy but also addresses numerous other phenomena within our solar system and on a larger, universal scale. Additionally, this theory offers a completely new perspective on black holes.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[6] viXra:2412.0056 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-09 21:27:07
Authors: Peter C.M. Hahn
Comments: 23 Pages.
This device generates gravitational waves which can be utilized as a thruster or as a communication device. It is comprised of a linear antenna array that is injected with a Radio Frequency (RF) signal. The antennas are configured to convert electromagnetic (EM) waves into gravitational waves.When the antennas are arranged in a linear phased-array configuration, a thrust is produced that allows the device to be used as a method of propulsion. Part I of this article describes the device when configured as a thruster and documents the test results.Part II will document the test results of the device when configured as a gravitational wave transmitter. If the injected RF signal is modulated with an Intermediate Frequency (IF) signal, the gravitational waves produced are also modulated. The invention can then function as a communication device by using the gravitational waves as a carrier instead of EM waves. A gravitational wave detector at the receiving end will demodulate the gravitational waves, thereby extracting the original (IF) signal.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[5] viXra:2412.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-07 22:04:07
Authors: Marco Maccarrone
Comments: 5 Pages.
This paper proposes a conceptual and athematical framework that replaces the straight-line propagation of energy and fields, as traditionally assumed in quantum field theory (QFT), with a curved-wavefront perspective that aligns with the geometry of spacetime in general relativity (GR). By redefining straight beams as curved paths where the length of any beam equals the radius of a spherical wave-front at a given instant we achieve a unified description of energy propagation, reconciling wave-particle duality with spacetime curvature. This approachresolves inconsistencies between QFT and GR, offering a new lens for understanding phenomena like redshift, gravitational lensing, and wave-particle interactions in curved spacetime.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[4] viXra:2412.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-06 21:49:01
Authors: Constantin Sandu
Comments: 9 Pages.
The main goal of this paper is to solve the Nordstrom-Einstein paradox in the General Theory of Relativity (GTR) and open a new perspective on understanding the generation of gravitational fields. At present it is not exactly known how the gravitational field is generated. This field is responsible for attraction at the distance of bodies in Newton’s sense and for space-time distortion in Einstein’s sense. In 1913, Nordstrom blamed Einstein’s GTR that it cannot explain why the electromagnetic waves confined in a mass-less box with reflective walls have a gravitational mass while the invariant of the stress-energy tensor of the electromagnetic field is zero. This is the Nordstrom-Einstein paradox in GTR. The fact that his paradox was not solved for 111 years created a niche in GTR which blocked progress in the field of gravity.The present paper solves the Nordstrom-Einstein paradox for the hypothetical case of a sphere with a mass-less reflective surface filled with electromagnetic waves. It demonstrates that the gravitational field of such a sphere is generated only during the reflection of electromagnetic waves by the sphere’s reflective surface and not in its volume. The methodology used is specific to GTR, establishing a new form of the stress-energy tensor for the case of the mentioned hypothetical sphere. Solving this paradox has significant implications for understanding the gravitational field essence. It can serve as a basis for further theoretical and experimental research, with important implications for the development of Quantum Gravity, String/Superstring theory, and Unified Field theories.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[3] viXra:2412.0029 [pdf] replaced on 2026-04-02 21:39:16
Authors: R. Wolnik, M. Wolnik
Comments: 9 Pages.
The geodesic principle is a central feature of general relativity, as it expresses the geometric structure of the spaceu2011time manifold, but can also be interpreted as the effective influence of the metric field on the passive mass of a freely falling test particle. - u200aThe equation of motion is obtained from the stressu2011energy tensor of an isolated body by imposing the covariant conservation condition and evaluating its moments in the nearu2011limit approximation. The reduced stressu2011energy tensor, defined in terms of the body's proper mass density, then enters the integral momentum balance, yielding a tensor equation that takes the form of the geodesic equation. Finally, a broader perspective on the weak equivalence principle is discussed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[2] viXra:2412.0020 [pdf] replaced on 2024-12-27 21:10:39
Authors: Moshe Segal
Comments: 14 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please move the author's credentials etc to a footnote)
A corner stone of Physics is the Energy Conservation principle which states that the Energy is always conserved and that the Energy, embedded in the whole Universe, cannot disappear or be created from nothing. This should imply that the Total amount of the Energy, which is embedded in the whole Universe, must be a constant value. However, Humans are not able to devise means or experiments which will provide the exact amount of the Energy embedded in the whole Universe, which implies that Humans are not able to devise means or experiments which will conclude, with complete validity, that the amount of the Energy embedded in the whole Universe, can be indeed represented by a constant value.Moreover, the fact, that the nowadays Science of Physics does agree that in addition to the Detectable Energy, the Universe embeds a very large amount of undetectable, or Dark Energy, (about 70% of the estimated Total Energy which is estimated to be embedded in the whole Universe is estimated to be Dark Energy), might further imply, that Humans cannot evaluate the actual amount of the Total Energy embedded in the Universe, which might further support the assumption, that Humans cannot prove, that all the Energy embedded in the Universe, is indeed conserved.The above implies that Humans are not able to provide a proof for the Energy Conservation Principle, which means, that the Energy Conservation Principle is presented only as an axiom, and no discussion was yet provided as to the extent of validity that Humans can attribute to the Energy Conservation Principle, even though, it is a corner stone of the nowadays Science of Physics.Thus, in view of the above, this paper tries to examine the extent of the validity that Humans can attribute, to the Energy Conservation Principle.Initially, this paper tries to explore, if the evaluation of the amount of Energy, only in certain specific Energy components, in the Universe, will result in the evaluations of the same Energy amounts, by all Human evaluators, or, if separate Human evaluators might arrive at different results, relating to the Total Energy Content, of these certain several specific Energy components, which they evaluated.Thus, in view of the above, this paper provides arguments that two separate Humans, evaluating the Total Energy Content of certain several specific Energy components, in the Universe, might arrive at different results, relating to this Total Energy Content, of these several specific Energy components, which they evaluated.The arguments mentioned above, relating to the possibility that two separate Humans, evaluating the Total Energy Content of certain several specific Energy components, in the Universe, might arrive at different results, relating to this Total Energy Content, of these several specific Energy components, which they evaluated, appear also in an additional paper, by the author of this paper, titled: "A discussion related to the Energy Relativity and its Implications" (4).However, in order to emphasize the possibility, that evaluations of Energy amounts by Humans might be also relative, to the Human which executed that evaluation of this Energy amount, the additional paper, mentioned above, did not elaborated on the limitations, that also exist, in the arguments that two separate Humans, evaluating the Total Energy Content of certain several specific Energy components, in the Universe, might arrive at different results, relating to this Total Energy Content, of these several specific Energy components, which they evaluated.Thus, this paper presents also these limitations which further emphasizes the conclusion, presented also in the additional paper, mentioned above, that, although Energy evaluations by Humans might be sometimes relative to the specific Human evaluating that Energy, The Energy Conservation Principle should be recognized as a valid principle when it relates to Energy conservation related to what Humans detect in any specific Inertial Frame of Reference. And, although Humans cannot provide a complete proof for the Energy Conservation Principle, as related to the whole Universe, Humans should still attribute validity to the Energy Conservation Principle, also as related to the whole Universe, because it is a very significant corner stone of the nowadays Science of Physics, but should recognized that this validity is attributed to this principle only as an axiom, without being able to prove it.An important factor, in the arguments, presented in this paper, and the additional paper mentioned above, relating to the possibility that two separate Humans, evaluating the Total Energy Content of certain several specific Energy components, in the Universe, might arrive at different results, relating to this Total Energy Content, of these several specific Energy components, which they evaluated, is the following:The nowadays Science of Physics recognizes only one velocity as absolute, non-relative velocity. This velocity is the velocity of Light in vacuum, which is also recognized as the maximum velocity that Humans can attribute to a moving body.All other velocities are recognized, by the nowadays Science of Physics, as non-absolute or as relative velocities, and this implies, as this paper presents, that Humans might be in situations, in which, their evaluations of the Kinetic Energies, which should be attributed to moving bodies, might turn to be wrong evaluations.The paper then elaborates on the Implications of what was presented above, on the Energy Conservation Principle.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[1] viXra:2412.0013 [pdf] submitted on 2024-12-04 20:04:26
Authors: Alejandro A. Torassa
Comments: 12 Pages.
In special relativity, this paper presents four net forces, which can be applied in any massive or non-massive particle, and where the relationship between net force and special acceleration is as in Newton's second law (that is, the special acceleration of any massive or non-massive particle is always in the direction of the net force acting on the particle).
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
| Third-Party Links: |
|